The invention relates to a reverse osmosis influent SDI (silt density index) auto-testing device and control method, applied mainly to measuring SDI in reclaimed water; single-chip microcomputer STM32F103CVT6 is used as a master control chip, a temperature detection circuit acquires a temperature once, a boost water pump is turned on through a pump control circuit, water pressure is increased to 30 psi, tested raw water is then delivered to a 0.45 Mum microfiltration membrane unit, a flow detection circuit acquires signal that is sent to a master control circuit for processing, the master control circuit turns off the boost water pump through the pump control circuit when passage of 500 mL of the raw water is detected, first measurement time is acquired, second data acquisition is performed after 5 minutes, SDI value is calculated, and 63 sets of data are stored and displayed page by page; the data are transmitted to an Android terminal over WiFi, and the Android terminal may remotely control a measuring device and locate a water access area; an alarm reminder will be given if a change in two measured water temperatures exceeds 1 DEG C, and testing is quitted automatically. The invention enables greater convenience of control, more accurate measurement and low power consumption.