The invention provides a deep well gas injection supercharging mechanical oil extraction method and device, which belongs to the method or equipment technique field for extracting oil from well, and solves insufficient lifting ability problem of prior mechanical oil extraction method and device, the method uses a deep well gas injection supercharging oil extraction device, and specifically includes the steps of: connecting a sealing base, a supercharging oil extraction pump, a pump fastening rack, a packer, a filter tube valve and a filter tube to the oil conduit, placing the oil conduit into the well bore casing tube, and fastening the pump-fastening rack; injecting liquid into the annular spacing between the oil conduit and casing tube, testing pressure and relieving pressure; injecting gas into the annular spacing between the oil conduit and the air injection tube, discharging liquid from the gas injection tube; installing wellhead equipment, adjusting pressure and air flow of pumped air, sampling humidity and oil content of analysis gas, calculating quantity of production. The method and device provided by the invention use gas as power medium for periodic duty recyclablely, which causes the lifting pressure up to 2-5 times of gas pressure, and the process flow is simple and is suitable for oil extraction of deep well and mechanical oil extraction of thick oil well.