503results about How to "Wide range of work" patented technology

An embedded wireless sensing network intelligent platform comprises network nodes, a base station, a wireless gateway, and a central control computer, and carries out communication according to an IEEE802.15.4-based Zigbee communication protocol standard. The technique provides an intelligent platform for an embedded wireless sensing network, which can combine required different sensors according to practical control requirement to develop wireless sensing network systems meeting different requirements. The intelligent platform can thoroughly get rid of a wire access manner adopted in conventional sensing control system, and overcome disadvantages such as wiring difficulty, high cost, and maintenance / management difficulty caused by the wire control manner. The platform has high development flexibility, wide operation and application ranges, low cost of system construction and maintenance. Compared with other wireless control manners, the system networking manner has the advantages of combined short-range multihop and grid manner, high intellectualization and reliability, high stability, low power consumption, and long service life.

The invention relates to a UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) man-machine interaction method based on binocular vision and deep learning. An embedded image processing platform and a binocular camera are carried on a UAV. The embedded image processing platform is connected to a flight controller through an interface. The UAV communicates with a ground station through the platform. The platform is provided with a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), a convolutional neural network deep learning algorithm is run and parallel computing for an image is carried out during video capture of the camera. According to the invention, a convolutional neutral network is transplanted to the embedded platform with a dedicated GPU and the run speed becomes faster through parallel computing for speeding up the computation.

The pipe plate assembling machine for rectangular shield includes a pedestal, a rotating apparatus, a longitudinal translation unit, a lifting unit and head clamping unit, as well as characterized front lifting unit and transverse translation unit. The present invention has two stages of lifting, increased transverse translation unit, double head clamping unit and trimming, so that it has expanded head clamping unit reached space, cooperative grasping and assembling of the pipe plate and raised adaptability. The present invention has the advantages of great assemble distance and wide operation range and is used in the construction of rectangular tunnel, especially that with great cross section size.

The invention discloses a stress sensor with a self-repairing ability and a preparation method thereof. according to the preparation method, a one-dimensional metal nanowire, a two-dimensional inorganic nanosheet, hydrogel functional polymers, an additive and the like are compounded to prepare a nanocomposite colloidal printing ink with rheological characteristics, and the colloidal printing ink is printed on a wearable substrate through screen printing to prepare the repairable stress sensor having a shell-like bionic structure, wherein the one-dimensional metal nanowire provides a conductivenetwork structure for reducing resistance of the sensor; the two-dimensional inorganic nanosheet forms a layered strcture for improving sensitivity of the sensor; and a reversible dynamic cross-linking point is formed among the repairable hydrogel functional polymers, the two-dimensional inorganic nanosheet and the additive, so that the device has repairable performance. The prepared stress sensor has the advantages of large operating strain range, high sensitivity, repairable property after overload damage and the like, and has great application prospects in the fields of artificial electronic skin and biomimetic robots.

The invention discloses a liquid metal electromagnetic pump which comprises a pump ditch, an electromagnetic drive unit, a control system and the like. The pump ditch of the electromagnetic pump vertically passes through the electromagnetic drive unit and can freely move out of the electromagnetic drive unit, thus bringing convenience for maintenance. Variable diameter shrinkage ports at the two ends of the pump ditch are welded with interfaces of peripheral equipment; a progressive wave magnetic field generated by a magnetic coil drives a high-temperature liquid metal medium to flow in the pump ditch, and the flow rate of the liquid metal is adjusted by changing the current intensity in the magnetic coil. An insulation layer between the magnetic coil and the pump ditch isolates the high-temperature radiation of the liquid metal, circulating cooling water is led into the hollow magnetic coil to reduce the temperature of the coil, and the comprehensive effect of the two causes the electromagnetic pump to be capable of working in the liquid metal environment with higher temperature. The liquid metal electromagnetic pump is applicable to the transmission and application of liquid metal with the characteristics of high working temperature, strong corrosiveness, easy oxidization, or large specific gravity and the like, and has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, high efficiency, long service life and the like.

A forked liquid crystal grating is characterized in that liquid crystal orientation of adjacent liquid crystal areas of the forked liquid crystal grating is controlled differently such that the following three types of forked liquid crystal gratings can be formed, namely a TN / PA-type forked liquid crystal grating, an orthogonal PA-type liquid crystal grating and an orthogonal HAN-type liquid crystal grating; 90-degree twisted phase microcells of liquid crystal and parallel-oriented microcells of and the liquid crystal are alternately arranged so as to form the TN / PA-type forked liquid crystal grating; uniformly parallel microcells of the liquid crystal of which optical axes are in the same region and microcells in an adjacent region which are orthogonal to each other are alternately arranged to form the orthogonal PA-type liquid crystal grating. According to the preparation of the forked liquid crystal grating, a photoalignment method is adopted to control liquid crystal micro orientation so as to control the director distribution of the liquid crystal. Since a digital?micro-mirror device (DMD)-based micro projection-type lithography system is realized, a digital control device outputs liquid crystal forked gritting pattern signals to control the reflected light of each pixel of a digital?micro-mirror device (DMD), such that the imaging of a liquid crystal forked grating pattern can be realized; and after being narrowed through a micro objective, light beams are projected to photoalignment material agent conductive glass through a polarizing film.

The invention provides an engine adopting a self-adaptive machine case and a self-adaptive fan. The engine comprises the self-adaptive machine case, the self-adaptive fan and a fuel gas generator; theself-adaptive machine case comprises a self-adaptive machine case driving execution part, an inlet section self-adaptive machine case, a fan section self-adaptive machine case, an engine middle section self-adaptive machine case and an outlet section self-adaptive machine case, wherein the inlet section self-adaptive machine case, the fan section self-adaptive machine case, the engine middle section self-adaptive machine case and the outlet section self-adaptive machine case are sequentially connected; the self-adaptive fan comprises self-adaptive fan blades and a fan driving execution part;a self-adaptive external duct is formed between the engine middle section self-adaptive machine case and an internal duct machine case of the fuel gas generator; an internal duct is formed in the internal duct machine case; the self-adaptive machine case driving execution part drives the self-adaptive machine case to move to control the cross section area of the external duct; and the fan drivingexecution part drives the self-adaptive fan blades to move in the axial direction to enable the self-adaptive fan blades to be matched with the fan section self-adaptive machine case.

A table saw cart including a carrier, a foldable frame, and a pair of wheels; a stretcher between wheels; a connection rod between the stretcher and rear legs of the foldable frame. The wheels are raised above the floor by the stretcher to prevent displacement of cart while the machine thereon is operating. Two extension rods extend from the open end of carrier to secure the cart with the wheels. Both rear legs define a handle; and a pull rod and three locking pins control the elevation of the cart to secure the cart in either of a folded positioned or a raised, standing position.

The invention discloses an online measurement device and a measurement method thereof for a pipeline flux instrument, comprising a detection terminal and a background management unit; the detection terminal comprises a flowmeter, a camera, a DSP module and a communication unit connected with the DSP module; the background management unit comprises a central control unit and a communication module connected with the central control unit; the detection terminal and the background unit carry out data communication by a GPRS wireless network and / or an Internet; the output terminals of the camera and the flowmeter are respectively connected with the image signal input terminal and the flux value signal input terminal of the DSP module; the camera of the detection terminal right faces to the dial plate of the instrument to be measured; the flowmeter is arranged on the pipeline; and the background management unit respectively obtains the accumulated flux in the pipeline within unit time by the camera and the flowmeter in the detection terminal so as to calculate the measurement error of the instrument to be measured.

The invention relates to the field of supercapacitors, specifically provides electrolyte for a zinc ion hybrid supercapacitor, and the zinc ion hybrid supercapacitor and a preparation method thereof. The electrolyte for the zinc ion hybrid supercapacitor comprises organic solvent and / or ionic liquid; the organic solvent and / or the ionic liquid are used, so that the capacitor can work at higher work voltage and within a larger temperature range, gasification expansion does not occur during a working process, an electrolyte leakage risk is reduced, and the electrolyte for the zinc ion hybrid supercapacitor is applicable to working with high current density. The zinc ion hybrid supercapacitor provided by the invention comprises the electrolyte for the zinc ion hybrid supercapacitor, and thus has the advantages of being high in working voltage, wide in working range, good in rate capacity, not prone to leak electrolyte and long in service life.

A method for producing and storing hydrogen by electrochemical zinc-water is carried out by connecting electrode and zinc electrode external circuit when releasing hydrogen, water reduction reacting on electrode, releasing hydrogen, zinc oxidation reacting on zinc electrode, generating zinc oxide, supplementing water to enclosed system, connecting power supply negative electrode onto zinc electrode external circuit, connecting power supply positive electrode onto electrode external circuit, inducing DC, zinc reduction reacting on zinc electrode, reducing zinc oxide into zinc, restoring zinc electrode, oxidation reacting, generating oxygen and discharging. It is an enclosed system consisted of electrode electrolyte and zinc electrode, electrode and zinc are connected with external circuit. It is simple and can be used to provide hydrogen source and generation.

The invention discloses a wide-range fuel oil nozzle suitable for overhead work. The wide-range fuel oil nozzle comprises a nozzle shell body, an oil separating bushing, an auxiliary oil pipeline spray nozzle, a main oil pipeline spray nozzle, a nozzle nut, a washer A and a washer B, wherein the oil separating bushing is mounted in the nozzle shell body; the auxiliary oil pipeline spray nozzle is mounted in the nozzle shell body and is close to the end surface of the oil separating bushing; the main oil pipeline spray nozzle is arranged on the outer side of the auxiliary oil pipeline spray nozzle in a sleeving manner; the washer A and the washer B are sequentially mounted on the outer side of the main oil pipeline spray nozzle and are tightly pressed by the nozzle nut; an inner cavity of the auxiliary oil pipeline spray nozzle forms an auxiliary oil pipeline vortex chamber; a main oil pipeline vortex chamber is jointly formed by an outer conical surface of the auxiliary oil pipeline spray nozzle, arranged on the auxiliary oil pipeline spray nozzle, and an inner cavity of the main oil pipeline spray nozzle; and a cooling air runner is further arranged on the nozzle nut. The work pressure of an auxiliary oil pipeline is increased to ensure that a small flow of overhead fuel oil is well atomized, so that the atomization and mixing quality of fuel oil is improved, and the efficient and stable combustion requirements of a combustion chamber under overhead low Reynolds number conditions are met.

The invention discloses a lower-power-consumption reference source circuit. The lower-power-consumption reference source circuit comprises a starting circuit unit, a current generation circuit unit and an output load circuit unit, wherein the starting circuit unit, the current generation circuit unit and the output load circuit unit are connected in sequence, the starting circuit unit is used for providing starting voltage, and preventing operation in a zero state area, the current generation circuit unit is used for generating microcurrent for the output load circuit unit, and reducing power consumption of the lower-power-consumption reference source circuit, and the output load circuit unit is used for achieving output of a zero-temperature coefficient and low-output voltage. The lower-power-consumption reference source circuit has the advantages of being low in power consumption, low in temperature coefficient, large in range of operating voltage and small in area.

The invention discloses an ultra-compact high-pressure ratio oblique flow-centrifuge combined compressor structure, which relates to the technology of the compressor. The ultra-compact high-pressure ratio oblique flow-centrifuge combined compressor structure comprises two stages, namely, an oblique flow compressor and a centrifuge compressor, wherein the first stage is the oblique flow compressor, and the second stage is the centrifuge compressor. The ultra-compact high-pressure ratio oblique flow-centrifuge combined compressor structure has the key points that the oblique flow compressor and the centrifuge compressor are connected by a small section of S-shaped small-diameter bend connection structure. The structure disclosed by the invention can be directly used for an aviation gas turbine engine and has various advantages of simple structure, few part, compact structure, high reliability, low processing and maintaining cost and the like, and according to the structure, the problems of low single stage compression ratio, multiple stages, heavy weight, high manufacture cost and big radial scale of a double-stage centrifuge compressor because the traditional medium and small aviation gas turbine engine in China adopts multistage axial flow compressors and axial flow-centrifuge combined compressors are solved.

A broadband chaotic light emitter based on an integrated external-cavity semiconductor laser unit comprises the integrated external-cavity semiconductor laser unit, a three-port optical circulator and an optical coupler, wherein the port 2 of the three-port optical circulator is connected with the integrated external-cavity semiconductor laser unit and used for receiving an optical signal of a feedback circuit and then transmitting the optical signal to the integrated external-cavity semiconductor laser unit, meanwhile receiving the optical signal produced by the integrated external-cavity semiconductor laser unit and then sending the optical signal to the feedback circuit and ensuring optical signal single-line transmission in the feedback circuit, the port 1 of the optical coupler is connected with the output port 3 of the three-port optical circulator and used for sending a part of optical signals output by the integrated external-cavity semiconductor laser unit through the three-port optical circulator to the feedback circuit at preset power and outputting the other part of optical signals, the port 2 of the optical coupler is connected with the port 1 of the three-port optical circulator to form a feedback circuit, and the port 3 of the optical coupler is a chaotic light signal output port.

The voltage adjuster includes band-gap reference voltage source, voltage detection and feed back unit, auto bias circuit, frequency compensation circuit, and driver output circuit. The reference voltage source generates reference voltage and bias current. The voltage detection and feed back unit detects voltage output from the voltage adjuster, and feeds back the output voltage to the auto bias circuit and the control circuit of the drive tube or controlling bias circuit and driving capability automatically. The frequency compensation circuit guarantees tolerance of phase in whole loop and speed of transient response of voltage adjuster to make steady operation, and quick transient response of adjuster close loop. Features are: very low own power consumption, wide operating range, realized by standard CMOS technique, simplified design of voltage adjuster effectively, and raised performance of adjuster.

The invention discloses a voltage converter which is used for converting direct-current voltage output by a direct-current power supply into alternating voltage provided for an alternating-current load. The voltage converter comprises a bypass unit, a boosted circuit, a first energy-storage filtering unit, a voltage-reduction circuit and an inverter circuit. The boosted circuit, the first energy-storage filtering unit, the voltage-reduction circuit and the inverter circuit are sequentially parallelly connected between the direct-current power supply and the alternating-current load. The bypass unit is used for bypassing the boosted circuit when the direct-current voltage is not smaller than the absolute value of an instantaneous value of the power grid voltage. The inverter circuit actuates at power frequency in each work cycle of the alternating-current voltage. The booster circuit operates only when the direct-current voltage is smaller than the absolute value of instantaneous value of the power grid voltage. Compared with the prior art, the voltage converter is wide in direct-current voltage working range, high in converting efficiency and low in cost.

The invention relates to a cooperative control system and method for a UAV and an unmanned ship based on cooperative cloud control, the method comprising: a UAV, an unmanned ship, a cooperative cloudcontrol system and a shore side control system. The cooperative cloud control system dispatches the UAV to cooperate with the unmanned ship to complete a task according to a planned route according toa target task issued by the shore side control system and received state information of the unmanned ship and the UAV. A UAV shipborne platform is disposed on the unmanned ship. The UAV can be brought back to a starting point by the unmanned ship, or can fly back to the starting point by itself. The system and method, by means of the cooperative control of the UAV and the unmanned ship, expands the monitoring field of the unmanned ship from two dimensions to three dimensions, so that the operation is more flexible and intelligent.

The invention relates to a magnetic nozzle of a variable specific impulse magnetic plasma rocket, aiming at solving the problem of speed waste during acceleration of a plasma body in an electric propulsion system and relating to the design technology of the magnetic nozzle of the variable specific impulse magnetic plasma rocket. The magnetic nozzle of the variable specific impulse magnetic plasma rocket is used for changing a circumferential speed of the plasma body to an axial speed and belongs to the magnetic fluid technology field. The magnetic nozzle which is used as the last stage of the variable specific impulse magnetic plasma rocket is arranged at the tail end of a rocket engine and consists of a sprayer nozzle and a superconducting coil, wherein, the sprayer nozzle is arranged at the tail end of a shell body of the rocket engine and is an expanding nozzle, the nozzle expansion ratio which is the ratio between a nozzle exit area and a nozzle throat area is 40:1, the nozzle is made of a heat-resisting and ablation-resisting alloy material to reduce ablation and thrust eccentricity.

The invention relates to a suction type rocket combined cycle engine which belongs to the technical field of combined engines applied to aircrafts and astronautic carriers. The invention includes a turbine engine, a rocket engine and a ramjet engine; the hollow shaft design is adopted for the turbine engine; a rotating ramjet compressed rotor based on the laser compression technology is used to replace the current compressor as a compression component; the rocket engine is laid in a cone in the turbine engine, which consists of an intake cone, a hollow shaft and a tail spray pipe; when the turbine engine works, the closed rocket engine can adjust the tail spray pipe to be the cone of the turbine engine; the turbine and the ramjet engines are integrated with the aircraft body; the front aircraft body pre-compresses the air flow into the turbine or ramjet engines. The invention has the advantages of reusability, compacted structure and light weight, as well as integration of advantages of single rocket engines and ramjet engines and solving the deficiencies of the single rocket and ramjet engines.

The invention relates to a human-machine interaction method for drones based on binocular vision and deep learning. The drone is equipped with an embedded image processing platform and a binocular camera. The embedded image processing platform is connected to the flight controller through an interface. The man-machine communicates with the ground through the platform, which is equipped with a graphics processor, runs the convolutional neural network deep learning algorithm, and performs parallel calculation on the image while the camera captures the video. The invention transplants the convolutional neural network to an embedded platform configured with a dedicated graphics processing unit (GPU), and accelerates the running speed through parallel computing.

The invention discloses two kinds of non-isolation type single-magnetic-core three-port direct current converters. Each of the two kinds of the converters comprises an input source port, a battery port, a load port, a first switching tube, a second switching tube, a third switching tube, a first diode, a second diode, a third diode, a filter capacitor and a filter inductor, and has five kinds of working patterns, wherein the four working patterns have three working modes. According to the converters provided by the invention, the converters are connected with the corresponding input voltage sources, the loads and the batteries; single-stage energy conversion is performed among the ports; the converters have multifunctional unified energy management modes and higher efficiency; the same working pattern can be carried out by different working modes, so that limitation to the port voltage is low; and in addition, the converters are wide in operating range and flexible in working modes.

The invention discloses an electric fuel oil jet propeller which comprises an air inlet, a fan, a motor, an air deflector, a combustion chamber and a tailpipe with the thrust of 1-50kg. The electric fuel oil jet propeller is characterized in that fan blades are fixed on a fan hub which is fixed on an outer rotor direct-current motor rotor; the motor is fixed on an air deflector inner support ring through a bolt; an air deflector outer ring is embedded on the inner wall of a ducted casing; a heat insulation shield is arranged at the rear end of the air deflector inner support ring; the combustion chamber is arranged at the middle-rear end of the ducted casing; a pneumatic fuel oil nozzle ring is arranged at the front section of the combustion chamber and communicated with an oil pipeline; a falcate flame stabilizer is arranged at the rear end of the pneumatic fuel oil nozzle ring; an igniter is arranged at the rear end of the falcate flame stabilizer, passes through the combustion chamber and the ducted casing and is fixed on the outer wall surface of the ducted casing; and the inner wall of the ducted casing adopts a heat insulation coating. The propeller can be used as main power of small and middle size delivery tools and has simple structure, small size, light weight and large working thrust.

The invention relates to an automobile composite energy storage start-stop system capable of recycling braking energy. The system comprises a storage battery, a motor subsystem, a super capacitor and a two-way buck converter. The motor subsystem comprises a motor and a motor controller. When an automobile performs braking, the automobile start-stop system can recycle and regenerate the braking energy. When the motor operates as a starter, namely a BSG mode, the motor controller can output electric energy in a two-way mode, an engine is started depending on the motor subsystem, electric energy of the super capacitor flows toward the motor subsystem, the motor controller works in an inversion state, and the motor outputs mechanical energy in an electric operation mode. According to the system, the super capacitor takes charge of a large-current discharge function needed for starting the engine, and large-current discharge of the storage battery is not needed, so that service life of the storage battery is greatly prolonged. In addition, due to the fact that the storage battery does not have the large-current discharge state, voltage is more stable and response time is shorter.

The invention discloses a micro-power consumption temperature sensor. The micro-power consumption temperature sensor comprises a reference source, a first ring oscillator, a second ring oscillator and a calibration and counter module; the reference source is connected with the calibration and counter module through the first ring oscillator and the second ring oscillator. According to the micro-power consumption temperature sensor, oscillation frequency is changed by changing ring oscillator input voltage, and the novel micro-power consumption temperature sensor is obtained in the mode of combining a calibration circuit with a counter. According to the temperature sensor, by adjusting parameters of all tubes, the temperature sensor has a wider working range and has good linearity within the range; compared with a traditional temperature sensor, the circuit structure is simpler, the area is smaller, consumption is lower, and the micro-power consumption temperature sensor has great advantages in the field of passive wireless application.

The invention relates to a rock drilling device for a drill jambo. The rock drill device comprises a rock drilling arm component, a deflection hydraulic cylinder, a pitch hydraulic cylinder and a rock drilling mechanism. The deflection hydraulic cylinder is hinged to a deflection end of the rock drilling arm component to drive the rock drilling arm component to deflect; the pitch hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the deflection end of the rock drilling arm component to drive the rock drilling arm component to pitch; the rock drilling mechanism is connected with a telescoping end of the rock drilling arm component. The rock drilling device for the drill jambo has the advantages of wide working range, high movability, flexibility in operation, high stability and high quake resistance.

The invention discloses a push-pull bridge type magnetic sensor for a high-intensity magnetic field. The sensor comprises two substrates, magnetoresistance sensing elements, a push arm attenuator and a pull arm attenuator. The magnetization directions of pinning layers of the magnetoresistance sensing elements on the same substrate are same, the magnetization directions of pinning layers of the magnetoresistance sensing elements on different substrates are opposite, the magnetoresistance sensing elements on one substrate are mutually electrically connected to form a push arm of a push-pull electrical bridge, and the magnetoresistance sensing elements on the other substrate are mutually electrically connected to form a pull arm of the push-pull electrical bridge. The magnetoresistance sensing elements on the push arm and the magnetoresistance sensing elements on the pull arm are arranged on the upper portion or the lower portion of the push arm attenuator and the upper portion or the lower portion of the pull arm attenuator in rows respectively. The push-pull bridge type magnetic sensor can be achieved on a quasi electrical bridge structure, a half electrical bridge structure and a full electrical bridge structure. The push-pull bridge type magnetic sensor has the following advantages of being low in power consumption, small in offset, good in linearity, wide in working range and capable of working in the high-intensity magnetic field. The sensitivity of the push-pull bridge type magnetic sensor can be two times of the maximum sensitivity of a single-chip reference bridge type magnetic sensor.

The invention relates to a synchronous robot group with single task, comprising a frame (1), two servo motors (2), two or more than two robots (A, B) and an executive component (5). The two servo motors (2) are installed on the frame (1). Every robot comprises a moving platform (A-4, B-4) and two branched chains which are respectively arranged on the two sides of the frame (1). Every branched chain comprises driving rod groups (A-2, B-2) and driven rod groups (A-3, B-3), composing two parallelogram mechanisms. The driving rod group and the driven rod group in the same branched chain are connected. The driven rod groups in the two branched chains are connected with the moving platform in rotary way. Driving rods (A-2-1, B-2-1) of the driving rod groups on the same side of the frame (1) are connected with a same rotation axis (4). The rotation axis (4) is arranged on the frame (1) and is connected with the servo motor on the same side. The moving platforms of manipulators fix the same executive component (5). Matched with a plurality of robots, the synchronous robot group with single task can finish the same work with large work range and large workload.

“VIBRATING HEAT EXCHANGER EQUIPMENT FOR LOW TEMPERATURE CONVERSION FOR ORGANIC WASTE TREATMENT AND ORGANIC WASTE TREATMENT PROCESSING THROUGH THE USE OF VIBRATING HEAT EXCHANGER EQUIPMENT FOR LOW TEMPERATURE CONVERSION” The present invention relates to a reactor and the respective procedure that employs it, for processing lipid and protein rich organic waste using the technique of low temperature conversion, the reactor also being used for the treatment of waste with organochlorine contaminants and processing lignocellulosic organic waste, the main products being generated during the processing of oil and coal. The reactor (1) essentially consists of a single bypass tube shell-type heat exchanger, with several heating tubes (7) of cylindrical shape and is mounted so that the axis of the heating tubes (7) are positioned vertically with a triangular distribution, which facilitates the construction of devices with circular section and facilitates the distribution of the raw material. The reactor (1) has arrangements for continuous operation, due to a system which promotes the equipment (1) vibration (13), facilitating the loading of raw material and unloading of coal, as well as a condensing unit (27) of the vapors produced in the process, in order to obtain the fuel oil.

Al2O3—La2O3—Y2O3—MgO ceramics (including glasses, crystalline ceramics, and glass-ceramics) and methods of making the same. Ceramics according to the present invention can be made, formed as, or converted into glass beads, articles (e.g., plates), fibers, particles, and thin coatings. The particles and fibers are useful, for example, as thermal insulation, filler, or reinforcing material in composites (e.g., ceramic, metal, or polymeric matrix composites). The thin coatings can be useful, for example, as protective coatings in applications involving wear, as well as for thermal management. Some embodiments of ceramic particles according to the present invention can be are particularly useful as abrasive particles.