288 results about "Electromagnetic pump" patented technology

The invention discloses a wafer cleaning and drying process, a wafer drying machine and a cleaning and drying structure assembly thereof, relates to the field of wafer cleaning equipment, and can solve the problem of poor regulation and control precision of an electromagnetic pump and a plurality of valves with different calibers through manual adjustment in the prior art. The wafer drying machine comprises a main body and a lifting mechanism connected to the main body. The cleaning and drying structure assembly comprises a drying groove body, a liquid inlet pipe, an IPA bubbling box, a first liquid discharging pipe and a controller. A groove cover is connected to a groove opening of the drying groove body; the first liquid discharge pipe is connected with an electromagnetic pump, a first valve and a flowmeter used for measuring the flow speed of liquid in the first liquid discharge pipe, and the electromagnetic pump and the flowmeter are both electrically connected to the controller so that the controller can control the flow of the electromagnetic pump according to signal feedback of the flow speed of the liquid in the first liquid discharge pipe by the flowmeter.

A power generator is described that provides at least one of electrical and thermal power comprising (i) at least one reaction cell for reactions involving atomic hydrogen products identifiable by unique analytical and spectroscopic signatures, (ii) a molten metal injection system comprising at least one pump such as an electromagnetic pump that provides a molten metal stream to the reaction cell and at least one reservoir that receives the molten metal stream, and (iii) an ignition system comprising an electrical power source that provides low-voltage, high-current electrical energy to the at least one steam of molten metal to ignite a plasma to initiate rapid kinetics of the reaction and an energy gain. In some embodiments, the power generator may comprise: (v) a source of H2 and O2 supplied to the plasma, (vi) a molten metal recovery system, and (vii) a power converter capable of (a) converting the high-power light output from a blackbody radiator of the cell into electricity using concentrator thermophotovoltaic cells with plasma light recycling or (b) converting the energetic plasma into electricity using a magnetohydrodynamic converter.

The invention discloses a new energy automobile heat dissipation system and method based on gallium-based double-state alloy. The heat dissipation system comprises a cooling pipeline, and the cooling pipeline is filled with a gallium-based double-state alloy cooling medium; the cooling pipeline is connected with a charging pile or an automobile heating part and a radiator; the electromagnetic pump is arranged on the cooling pipeline so as to drive the gallium-based double-state alloy cooling medium in the cooling pipeline to circularly flow between the radiator and the heating component; the controller is electrically connected with the electromagnetic pump so as to control starting, stopping and the rotating speed of the electromagnetic pump; heat brought out by the radiator and the gallium-based alloy from the heating component is released in the radiator, and the cooled alloy circularly returns to the heating component through the cooling pipeline to form closed circulation. According to the invention, a complete heat dissipation management scheme from extremely cold starting to high-power steady-state operation is realized; a'double-state 'working mode enables a heat dissipation medium to have the functions of phase change heat absorption and liquid circulation cooling; and the dilemma problem that a traditional coolant is insufficient in low-temperature freezing and high-temperature heat dissipation performance is solved.

The invention relates to the technical field of liquid metal driving equipment, in particular to an annular channel induction type lead-bismuth electromagnetic pump. The lead-bismuth electromagnetic pump comprises an internal stator, an annular flow channel, an external stator, an electromagnetic coil and an electromagnetic pump shell; the outer wall of the annular runner is coated with a protective layer; the protective layer is made of nanometer flexible heat preservation cotton, the thickness of the protective layer ranges from 5 mm to 10 mm, and the protective layer is configured to enable the surface temperature of the protective layer to be controlled to be 100 DEG C or below. Compared with an existing annular channel induction type lead-bismuth electromagnetic pump, the annular channel induction type lead-bismuth electromagnetic pump has the advantages that the nanometer flexible heat preservation cotton with the better heat insulation performance is mainly adopted as the main material of the protection layer, the heat insulation performance of the protection layer is improved by designing the thickness of the protection layer, and the operation temperature range of the annular channel induction type lead-bismuth electromagnetic pump is widened; the problems that an existing annular channel induction type electromagnetic pump is low in running temperature, consequently, running conditions are limited, and efficiency is low are solved.

The invention relates to the technical field of satellite heat dissipation, and provides a satellite module heat dissipation system adopting liquid metal and an artificial satellite.The satellite module heat dissipation system adopting the liquid metal comprises a pipeline assembly, an electromagnetic pump, a thermoelectric module, an energy storage module and a radiator, the pipeline assembly is laid on the surface of a satellite module, and the liquid metal flows in the pipeline assembly; the electromagnetic pump is connected with the pipeline assembly to drive the liquid metal to flow; the thermoelectric module is connected with the outflow end of the pipeline assembly and used for generating electricity. The energy storage module is connected with the thermoelectric module, is used for storing electric energy and is electrically connected with the satellite module; the radiator is connected with the outflow end of the thermoelectric module and connected to the pipeline assembly through the electromagnetic pump. The heat dissipation requirement of high-power satellite equipment can be met, the satellite module can be installed in a severe environment, and electric energy stored by the energy storage module is supplied to the satellite equipment for use under extreme conditions.

The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of induction pumps, in particular to a high-temperature liquid metal electromagnetic pump which comprises a main body, an inductor, a temperature sensor and an excitation controller. The main body is hermetically connected with a conveying piece for conveying high-temperature liquid metal; the inductor is arranged to enable the high-temperature liquid metal in the main body to generate induction current and enable the high-temperature liquid metal to generate pressure difference at different positions of the main body, so that the high-temperature liquid metal can flow at different positions; the temperature sensor monitors the temperature in the main body; the excitation controller is set to be capable of adjusting the power supply voltage and frequency of the inductor; the main body is arranged to be capable of preventing heat transfer of the high-temperature liquid metal to the inductor. The electromagnetic pump can meet the sealing requirement of high-temperature liquid metal conveying; flow control is facilitated, and the requirement for controllable conveying of high-temperature liquid metal in the molten salt electrolysis dry-method technological process is met; the failure of the high-temperature liquid metal electromagnetic pump can be avoided, and the operation stability and reliability of the electromagnetic pump can be improved.

The utility model discloses pesticide-mist separation spraying equipment special for a strawberry greenhouse. The pesticide-mist separation spraying equipment comprises a main body and a bracket, the main body internally comprises a circuit mainboard, a wifi module, a relay module, a hot fog generation module, a medicine fog mixing valve, a temperature detection module, a flow detection module, an electromagnetic pump, a peristaltic pump and a direct current motor speed regulation module. The circuit mainboard integrates all functions and can be controlled by being connected with a mobile phone through the wifi module, the relay module on the circuit mainboard controls the hot fog generation module, the electromagnetic pump and the peristaltic pump, the direct-current motor speed regulation module is connected with the peristaltic pump, and liquid medicine is conveyed to one side of the medicine fog mixing valve. Meanwhile, high-temperature steam generated by the hot mist generation module is conveyed to the other side of the medicine mist mixing valve through an electromagnetic pump, and the liquid medicine and the high-temperature and high-pressure steam are sprayed out after being fully mixed in the mixing device. According to the scheme, the pesticide spraying device has the characteristic that pesticide liquid and water mist are separated, is specially suitable for pesticide spraying in a strawberry greenhouse, and can keep a stable spraying effect on any type of pesticide.

According to the remotely-controllable pressurization type electric sprayer, any infrared remote control transmitter for an original television and an electromagnetic pump for a coffee machine are adopted, the sprayer is low in cost and convenient to use, pressurization spraying is far, a one-way thyristor VTH, a diode VD2-5 and an electromagnetic pump F form a remote control main loop, and therefore when an integrated circuit of the one-way thyristor VTH loses trigger voltage, the remote control electric sprayer can be started and stopped. The alternating current is switched off when passing zero; the infrared receiving tuned amplifier A1 adopts an infrared amplification special circuit mu PC1373; the infrared receiving tuned amplifier A1 is also provided with a buffer inverter A2 which adopts a common hex inverter digital integrated circuit CD4069, and only two intact NOT gates are arranged in the common hex inverter digital integrated circuit CD4069; the dimming amplifier A3 adopts an integrated circuit HT7700A special for dimming; therefore, a load of a unidirectional thyristor VTH of the infrared light receiving circuit, namely an electromagnetic pump F, is controlled to pressurize the water path.

The invention relates to the field of grinding equipment, and discloses a self-cooling grinding mechanism of a bean grinder. A water tank is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the water outlet pipe; a connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the water tank; an electromagnetic pump is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the connecting pipe; a water inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the output end of the electromagnetic pump; the outer surface of the water inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the other end of the heat exchange pipe to form circulation, the upper grinding wheel serves as a main part in the grinding period, heat is generated in the grinding period, an inner groove makes full contact with stainless steel of the heat exchange pipe, and cold water is pumped to the water inlet pipe from the water tank through the connecting pipe through the electromagnetic pump. The NTC temperature probe monitors the temperature in real time and is connected with an electronic circuit arranged at the position of the electromagnetic pump to control the working power of the electromagnetic pump and adjust the water flow speed, and then the heat exchange efficiency is adjusted.

A nuclear reactor is configured with a primary coolant loop for transferring heat away from the nuclear reactor core. In a shutdown event, the primary coolant pump may stop pumping primary coolant through the reactor core, resulting in decay heat buildup within the reactor core. An inertial energy coast down system can store kinetic energy while the nuclear reactor is operating and then release the stored kinetic energy to cause the primary coolant to continue to flow through the nuclear reactor core to remove decay heat. The inertial energy coast down system may include an impeller and a flywheel having a mass. During normal reactor operation, the flowing primary coolant spins up the impeller and flywheel, and upon a shutdown event where the primary coolant pump stops pumping, the flywheel and impeller can cause the primary coolant to continue to flow during a coast down of the flywheel and impeller.

The invention discloses a housing construction project hollowing detection device which comprises a shell, a mounting cavity is formed in the shell, a transmission shaft is rotatably mounted in the mounting cavity, a mounting plate is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the mounting cavity, an eccentric pressing block is fixedly mounted on the surface of the transmission shaft, and a pressing column is slidably mounted in the mounting plate. Knocking heads are slidably mounted at the bottom of the pressing column, a sound sensor module fixedly mounted on the mounting plate is arranged on one side of each knocking head, a rotating shaft is rotatably mounted in the mounting cavity, a cleaning roller is fixedly mounted on the surface of the rotating shaft, and one end of the rotating shaft is in transmission connection with the transmission shaft through a transmission assembly. When knocking sound is detected through the sound sensor module and hollowing sound is detected, the control device controls the corresponding electromagnetic pump to work and marks the hollowing position, the hollowing position can be accurately marked and detected, meanwhile, the cleaning roller is driven to rotate, dust on the detection face is swept forwards, and the detection effect is improved.

The utility model discloses a pipeline supporting device for a liquid metal pump, relates to the technical field of electromagnetic pumps, and solves the technical problem that a pipeline support for the liquid metal pump in the prior art generates overlarge external load on a pump opening. The pipeline supporting device for the liquid metal pump comprises a support. The bearing part is horizontally placed on the bracket; one end of the connecting piece is fixedly mounted in the middle of the bearing piece, the other end of the connecting piece extends downwards, and the connecting piece is used for hoisting a pipeline; the number of the rolling assemblies is two, and the two rolling assemblies are both installed between the bearing piece and the support and located at the two ends of the bearing piece. The two limiting blocks are arranged on the two sides of the bearing part respectively, and the limiting blocks and the bearing part are arranged at intervals; and the thrust assembly is mounted between the bracket and the limiting block. Through the arrangement of the rolling assembly, the pipeline supporting device for the liquid metal pump can move relative to a pipeline, so that the axial stress of a pump opening caused by friction is reduced, and the practicability is higher.

An electromagnetic pump with multiple layers of heat dissipation channels includes a pump core and a sleeve. The pump core is located in the sleeve. The pump core includes an axial iron core, a radial iron core and a coil. The radial iron core is fixed on the axial iron core, and the coil is located between the radial iron cores. A first heat dissipation channel is provided between the pump core and the inner wall of the sleeve. A ventilation gap is provided between the coils, and ventilation holes are provided on the radial iron core, which are connected to the ventilation gap. The ventilation holes on each radial iron core and the ventilation gap on each coil are sequentially connected along the axial direction to form a second heat dissipation channel. The axial iron core is coaxially arranged with the sleeve, and an axial through hole is provided at the center of the axial iron core, which is connected to the first heat dissipation channel and the second heat dissipation channel. The electromagnetic pump with multiple layers of heat dissipation channels of the present invention is provided with heat dissipation channels in the pump core iron core and the coil, so that each layer of turns in the coil is directly in contact with cold air, thereby enhancing the heat dissipation effect inside the coil.

This invention discloses a scraper-type permanent magnet synchronous electromagnetic pump. The pump body has a pump chamber with an opening at one end. An end cover is sealed and fixed to the opening end of the pump chamber. A cam rotor is installed in the pump chamber. The rotating shafts at the front and rear ends of the cam rotor are rotatably connected to the end cover and the pump body, respectively. One end of the upper scraper and the lower scraper are fixed to the inner wall of the pump chamber by upper and lower torsion springs, respectively, dividing the pump chamber into a low-pressure chamber on the left and a high-pressure chamber on the right. The upper and lower torsion springs apply a spring force pointing towards the axis of the cam rotor to the upper and lower scrapers, respectively. The volume of the low-pressure chamber is larger than that of the high-pressure chamber. A winding is embedded in the inner wall at the bottom of the pump chamber or the inner surface of the end cover. Correspondingly, a pair of permanent magnets is embedded in the end face of the cam rotor near the winding. When the cam rotor rotates, the upper and lower scrapers swing, and their free ends always press against the outer circumferential surface of the cam rotor, scraping the fluid on the surface of the cam rotor. The cam-blade rotor, in cooperation with the upper and lower scrapers, improves the overall stability.

The invention belongs to the technical field of pump valves, particularly relates to an electromagnetic pump with vibration detection and lubricating liquid filtering functions and a using method, and aims to solve the problems that a magnetic force driving part and a pump cavity part of a traditional electromagnetic pump cannot be effectively isolated, an effective vibration detection means is lacked, and cooling lubricating liquid filtering is poor. A pump cavity is formed by a pump body, a pump cover and the like, a pump shaft is driven to rotate through magnetic force, and a mechanical seal isolates magnetic force driving and the pump cavity part; a detection structure is arranged between the base and the mounting plate and can detect the vibration frequency and amplitude; the liquid injection box is matched with the filtering structure to filter the cooling lubricating liquid, and the filter screen can be replaced by the rotating ring; the mounting plate vibrates to drive the rotating disc to rotate, and the filter screen is blown and cleaned in all directions; according to the electromagnetic pump, the service life can be prolonged, the vibration can be detected in real time, the cooling lubricating liquid is effectively filtered, and the filter screen is convenient to clean.

This application provides a control device, method, electronic device, and storage medium for extraction pressure and flow rate, including: a first end of a first electromagnetic pump and a first end of a second electromagnetic pump are both connected to a first end of a flow meter; a second end of the flow meter is connected to a water tank; and the second ends of the first and second electromagnetic pumps are both connected to a first end of a heating boiler module. A water delivery pipe between the second ends of the first and second electromagnetic pumps and the first end of the heating boiler module is connected to the first ends of a first and second pinhole pressure relief valve module, respectively; the second ends of both the first and second pinhole pressure relief valve modules are connected to the water tank. The second end of the heating boiler module is connected to the first end of an extraction solenoid valve, and the second end of the extraction solenoid valve is connected to an extraction head. An extraction pressure sensor is installed between the extraction solenoid valve and the extraction head to ensure sufficient flow rate and water flow for effective and stable coffee extraction.

The invention provides an integrated motor. The integrated motor includes a stator, a rotor positioned within the stator, and an electromagnetic pumping system in communication with the stator.

An assembly for promoting interstitial fluid flow can include an implant having first and second electrodes, a control unit, and one or more magnets. The implant can be disposed at a selected site of a subject, and the control unit can be electrically coupled to the first and second electrodes and can provide power to the first and second electrodes to generate an electric field at the selected site. The one or more magnets can be disposed adjacent to the selected site and can generate magnetic field in a direction orthogonal to the electric field in order to drive electrically conductive interstitial fluid flow at the selected site.

The utility model relates to an electromagnetic pump. The electromagnetic pump comprises a coil framework, an electromagnetic coil and a pump body assembly, the coil framework is sleeved with the electromagnetic coil, a mounting cavity is formed in the inner circumferential face of the coil framework, and the pump body assembly is arranged in the mounting cavity; the pump body assembly comprises a base, a resonance piece, a vibrating piece and a cover body which are sequentially stacked in the axis direction of the coil framework, a pump chamber is formed between the cover body and the resonance piece, a permanent magnet is arranged at the position, located in the pump chamber, of the vibrating piece, the resonance piece is provided with an air inlet hole, the cover body is provided with an air outlet hole, and the permanent magnet is arranged in the pump chamber. An avoiding groove is formed in the base; after the electromagnetic coil is electrified, the permanent magnet is driven to do reciprocating motion in the axis direction of the pump chamber, so that the vibration piece and the resonance piece vibrate, and fluid in the avoiding groove enters the pump chamber through the air inlet hole and is pumped out from the air outlet hole. According to the scheme provided by the invention, the risk of ceramic cracking of the piezoelectric ceramic pump can be avoided, and the piezoelectric ceramic pump has the characteristics of miniaturization, lightness and thinness.

The utility model discloses a low damping pulsation electromagnetic pump, including pump shell, pump core, solenoid and elastic reset piece, the solenoid is sleeved in the outside of pump shell, be equipped with the water passageway and be equipped with the water inlet and the water outlet of water passageway both ends in the pump shell, the pump core is under the action of the magnetic field of solenoid and the elastic reset piece and reciprocates in the water passageway, be equipped with the Tesla valve flow channel in the pump core, the both ends of Tesla valve flow channel have positive and negative direction mouth, the positive direction mouth is linked together with the water inlet, the negative direction mouth is linked together with the water outlet. The utility model discloses an electromagnetic pump, still guarantee electromagnetic pump to have the water pumping capacity and the effect of accelerating and pressurizing to water flow under the condition of not using check valve, because of not having check valve, the water pressure loss is smaller. In addition, the utility model discloses a kind of intelligent closestool using above-mentioned low damping pulsation electromagnetic pump.

This application discloses an induction electromagnetic pump, comprising an inner iron core, a pump groove structure, multiple support structures, multiple annular windings, and multiple outer iron cores. The pump groove structure is a hollow annular structure including an inner tube wall and an outer tube wall. The end of the pump groove structure that receives liquid metal is defined as the input end, and the end that outputs liquid metal is defined as the output end. Multiple support structures are connected between the inner and outer tube walls, located at the input and output ends respectively, and can reduce the thrust opposite to the flow direction of the liquid metal caused by end effects. Through the above configuration, the support structures can improve the connection stability between the outer and inner tube walls, which is beneficial for the induction electromagnetic pump to pump liquid metal, and can also increase the total thrust of the induction electromagnetic pump in pumping liquid metal along the flow direction.

The present invention discloses an apparatus for delivering water with a plunger electromagnetic pump, which belongs to an apparatus that uses water as a working medium or raw material. Existing apparatuses for delivering water with a plunger electromagnetic pump are prone to adhesion between a rubber plug and a corresponding matching piece, which causes the apparatus to be unable to deliver water normally and be used normally. The present invention is provided with a plunger electromagnetic pump for delivering water to a water heating device in a machine body, so that a water outlet plug blocks a cut-off port with the elastic force of a water outlet spring to put the plunger electromagnetic pump in a working state, and the water outlet plug is controlled by a control structure extending outside the machine body, and the control structure is operated to make the water outlet plug leave the cut-off port so that the plunger electromagnetic pump is in a storage state. Thus, the plunger electromagnetic pump can be switched to a working state for work or a storage state for storage through a control mechanism. Since the water outlet plug is suspended from the cut-off port in the storage state, it does not contact other structures and will not cause adhesion, so that the apparatus will not be unable to deliver water and work due to adhesion problems.

1. Name of the designed product: electromagnetic pump (screw interface type). 2. Use of the designed product: for quantitative pumping of oil. 3. Design points of the designed product: in the perspective view. 4. Picture or photo best indicating the design points: perspective view.

The invention relates to the technical field of casting equipment, in particular to anti-gravity casting equipment applying an electromagnetic pump, which comprises a machine body, and a heat preservation furnace, a vacuum pump, a first heat preservation chamber and a second heat preservation chamber which are arranged on the machine body. A first mold and a second mold are arranged on the machine body, the first heat preservation chamber is communicated with the first mold, and the second heat preservation chamber is communicated with the second mold. According to the anti-gravity casting equipment applying the electromagnetic pump, the first heat preservation chamber and the second heat preservation chamber are arranged to be matched with the heat preservation furnace, and negative pressure environments are created in the heat preservation furnace, the first heat preservation chamber, the second heat preservation chamber, the first mold and the second mold, so that gas in the first mold and the second mold can be avoided; and by means of suction force of negative pressure in the heat preservation furnace, a cavity of the first mold and a cavity of the second mold can be filled with molten metal more smoothly, air holes are reduced, and the quality of formed castings is improved.

The utility model discloses an extrusion casting machine adopting an electromagnetic pump for low-pressure mold filling. The extrusion casting machine comprises an electromagnetic pump mold filling system, a mold, a sealing and extrusion composite device, a mold locking device, a mold moving device, a guide column, a heat preserving furnace and a lifting mechanism, the lower die is connected with a static template, and the upper die is connected with a movable template; a piston rod of the mold moving device is connected with the movable template; the mold locking device and the sealing and extruding composite oil cylinder are mounted on the movable mold plate; the lower end of the guide pillar is fixed on the static template and penetrates through the center of the mold locking device; the heat preserving furnace is positioned below the static template; the electromagnetic pump mold filling system is fixed on the heat preserving furnace; the electromagnetic pump mold filling system is tightly connected with a lower mold of the mold through a liquid rising pipe; a sealing extrusion composite punch is mounted at the free end of an extrusion piston rod assembly of the sealing extrusion composite oil cylinder; a liquid inlet of the lower mold is communicated with a liquid outlet of the heat preservation furnace through a liquid rising pipe and an electromagnetic pump mold filling system in sequence; the heat preservation furnace comprises a soup adding chamber far away from the liquid outlet, and the soup adding chamber communicates with the liquid outlet through a communicating vessel.

The present invention relates to the technical field of casting equipment, and in particular to a counter-gravity casting equipment using an electromagnetic pump, comprising a machine body and a heat preservation furnace, a vacuum pump, a first heat preservation chamber, and a second heat preservation chamber installed on the machine body. A first mold and a second mold are provided on the machine body, the first heat preservation chamber is connected to the first mold, and the second heat preservation chamber is connected to the second mold. The counter-gravity casting equipment using an electromagnetic pump of the present invention cooperates with the heat preservation furnace by providing the first heat preservation chamber and the second heat preservation chamber, and by creating a negative pressure environment in the heat preservation furnace, the first heat preservation chamber, the second heat preservation chamber, the first mold, and the second mold, thereby avoiding the presence of gas in the first mold and the second mold, and utilizing the suction force of the negative pressure in the heat preservation furnace to enable the molten metal to more smoothly fill the cavity of the first mold and the cavity of the second mold, thereby reducing the formation of pores and improving the quality of the casting after molding.

The application provides a circulating system equipped with a diving cylindrical linear induction electromagnetic pump, the electromagnetic pump is arranged in a container filled with liquid metal in a longitudinal direction, an inert gas tank is arranged for sealing, and a heat dissipation fin structure is arranged outside an external stator of the electromagnetic pump. The diving electromagnetic pump circulating system significantly reduces the floor area and weight of the liquid metal circulating loop, greatly improves the service life of the liquid metal circulating loop under different working conditions, and can effectively solve the requirements of equipment in robustness and light weight in extreme environments such as deep sea and deep space.

The objective is to provide an electromagnetic pump malfunction detection device that can accurately determine whether or not there is a malfunction in the pump without being affected by external vibrations. [Solution] The configuration of the electromagnetic drive pump abnormality detection device according to the present invention is an electromagnetic drive pump abnormality detection device that pumps fluid by causing a plunger to reciprocate using an electromagnetic coil, and comprises a varistor inserted in parallel with the electromagnetic coil, a voltmeter arranged on a drive circuit that supplies power to the electromagnetic coil, and a determination unit that determines an abnormality from the value acquired by the voltmeter, wherein the determination unit acquires the minimum value V1 of the voltage after a first predetermined time Ta has elapsed from the falling edge of the drive voltage and before a second predetermined time Tb has elapsed, and if the minimum value V1 falls below the threshold V0, it determines that the plunger is operating normally and that it is functioning normally, and if the minimum value V1 does not fall below the threshold V0, it determines that the plunger is locked and that it is functioning abnormally.

The present disclosure proposes a liquid metal reactor thermal hydraulic characteristics experimental system, including: a main experimental loop, used for conducting a liquid metal reactor thermal hydraulic characteristics experiment, the main experimental loop is approximately rectangular in design, including: a heating section, a first heat exchanger, a buffer tank, an electromagnetic pump and a flow meter, the heating section is located at the bottom of the main experimental loop, and the first heat exchanger is located at the top of the main experimental loop; an oil cooling loop, used to derive the heat generated by the main experimental loop, the oil cooling loop includes: a thermal oil pump, a thermal oil tank, a first heat exchanger, and a second heat exchanger; a water cooling loop, used to derive the heat generated by the oil cooling loop, the water cooling loop includes: a second heat exchanger; an auxiliary gas process system, including: a first inert gas tank, a second inert gas tank, pipelines and valves, the first inert gas tank is connected to the buffer tank and the storage tank respectively, and the second inert gas tank is connected to the thermal oil tank. The system disclosed in the present disclosure can effectively improve the natural circulation capacity based on the approximately rectangular design.

A power generator is described that provides at least one of electrical and thermal power comprising (i) at least one reaction cell for reactions involving atomic hydrogen products identifiable by unique analytical and spectroscopic signatures, (ii) a molten metal injection system comprising at least one pump such as an electromagnetic pump that provides a molten metal stream to the reaction cell and at least one reservoir that receives the molten metal stream, and (iii) an ignition system comprising an electrical power source that provides low-voltage, high-current electrical energy to the at least one steam of molten metal to ignite a plasma to initiate rapid kinetics of the reaction and an energy gain. In some embodiments, the power generator may comprise: (v) a source of H2 and O2 supplied to the plasma, (vi) a molten metal recovery system, and (vii) a power converter capable of (a) converting the high-power light output from a blackbody radiator of the cell into electricity using concentrator thermophotovoltaic cells with plasma light recycling or (b) converting the energetic plasma into electricity using a magnetohydrodynamic converter.