A three-configuration metamorphic tree pruning and chopping machine with a three-DOF (degree of freedom) transformation function comprises a wood chopping combined mechanism, a crawler walking system, a rack, a driving linkage, a transmission linkage, an output connecting rod, pins, a hydraulic cylinder and a hook joint, wherein the rack is mounted on the crawler walking system, the driving linkage, the transmission linkage and the output connecting rod are mutually connected through the pins, the driving linkage and the transmission linkage are mounted on the rack, the wood chopping combined mechanism is mounted at one end of the output connecting rod through the hydraulic cylinder and the hook joint and comprises a saw mechanism, a lower clamping mechanism, rollers, an upper clamping mechanism and a branching knife. During working, flexible metamorphism of three-DOF and three-configuration transformation is realized, and large space operation is realized through overlaying of movement spaces; the tree pruning and chopping machine comprises full rod pieces and is lower in manufacturing cost, long in service life and simple to maintain. The tree pruning and chopping machine can prune, trim and chop trees and perform sectional wood cutting operation in severe and rugged forest.