The utility model discloses a dovetail groove structure adjusting seat which comprises a base, a first connecting seat, a second connecting seat, a third connecting seat, a first transmission mechanism, a second transmission mechanism and a third transmission mechanism. The first connecting base is provided with a first dovetail groove, the base is provided with a first boss in sliding fit with the first dovetail groove, and the first transmission mechanism is in transmission connection with the first connecting base and used for driving the first connecting base to move in the first direction relative to the base. According to the technical scheme, the base, the first connecting seat, the second connecting seat and the third connecting seat are sequentially connected, so that the whole dovetail groove structure adjusting seat can be mounted; the three-dimensional adjustment can be realized by arranging the sliding fit between the first dovetail groove and the first boss, the sliding fit between the second dovetail groove and the second boss and the sliding fit between the third dovetail groove and the third boss, and the three-dimensional adjustment device is simple in structure, convenient to install and capable of being widely applied to various test occasions needing three-dimensional adjustment.