63results about How to "Reduce hydrostatic pressure" patented technology

The disclosure is directed to a composition for controlling wellbore fluid and gas invasion including methods for using said composition. The composition of the invention is a flowable slurry preferably comprising about 70 to 30% by weight of magnesium oxychloride and about 70 to 30% by weight of water. The composition is a flowable slurry at composition temperatures below about 60° C. and sets to form a substantially solid mass upon reaching a composition temperature of about 60-68° C. The phase transition is rapid, thereby limiting or avoiding formation of gel states which contribute to incomplete wellbore seals. The rapid set of the slurry further avoids invasive contamination of earthen formations surrounding the wellbore. The composition has a near-linear relationship between the time required for the phase transition to occur and the composition temperature at which the phase transition occurs. This advantageous property permits the composition set time to be accurately determined and modified as required through the addition of accelerators and inhibitors. The phase transition occurs predictably at high pressures typical of those encountered in wellbore operations. Additives may be included to modify the properties of the composition. The method includes use of the composition to control the loss of fluids and gases from the wellbore.

The present invention relates to methods of stimulating a subterranean formation. More particularly, but not by way of limitation, the present invention relates to methods of fracturing subterranean formations utilizing a fracturing fluid comprising a permeable cement composition that may be used as a propping agent. One method of stimulating a subterranean formation of the present invention comprises the following steps: preparing a permeable cement composition comprising a hydraulic cement, water, and a degradable material capable of undergoing an irreversible degradation downhole; injecting the permeable cement composition into the subterranean formation at a pressure sufficient to create a fracture in the subterranean formation; and allowing the permeable cement composition to form a proppant matrix having voids in the fracture.

A mobile telecommunications device comprising: a printhead for printing on a media substrate; a drive shaft for feeding the media substrate past the printhead; a print engine controller for operatively controlling the printhead; and, an ink reservoir for supplying ink to the printhead, the reservoir having: a housing defining an ink storage volume; one or more baffles dividing the ink storage volume into sections, each of the sections having at least one ink outlet for sealed connection to the printhead; and at least one conduit establishing fluid communication between the ink outlets of adjacent sections.

A system is provided for unloading accumulated liquids and enhancing the recovery of gas from a reservoir having diminished pressure. An annulus between a tubing string and casing is isolated by a packer and continually pressurized with a slipstream of compressed gas while the well continues to produce. A unique valve positioned in the tubing string is shuttled between a production position in which production fluids are permitted to bypass the valve to the surface and a lift position in which the bypass is blocked and an unloading port is opened to vent high pressure annulus gas to the tubing string above the valve, lifting accumulated liquids with it. Preferably, the valve is actuated to the lift position by the impact of a plunger dropped from a lubricator at the wellhead, when the pressure in the annulus has reached a predetermined threshold. When the gas has been vented and the pressure in the annulus drops, the valve is actuated to the uphole production position as a result of the higher reservoir pressure.

A method and device featuring at least one component providing a potential to kinetic converted elastic, magnetic repulsion, or, an elastic and magnetic repulsion, pushing, pulling, or, pulling and pushing, type of radially outward expansive force or pressure to an inner, outer, intermediate, and, combination thereof, wall region of the left ventricle, for reducing intraluminal hydrostatic pressure of the left ventricle (LV filling pressure) during the ventricular diastolic stage of the cardiac cycle, thereby, improving diastolic function of the left ventricle of the heart in subjects having a condition of diastolic heart failure (DHF), while minimally disturbing systolic function of the heart. The expansive force or pressure is in a range of about 5-40 mm Hg, whereby, left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) is reduced down to the normal range of about 6-12 mm Hg, during ventricular diastole of the heart.

A liquid metal evaporation source for use in Molecular Beam Epitaxy and related metal vacuum deposition techniques. An evaporator is maintained at a high temperature to evaporate a liquid metal, a reservoir for holding the liquid metal source is maintained at a temperature above the melting point of the metal but below the temperature in the evaporator, and a hollow transport tube connecting the evaporator and reservoir is maintained at a temperature between these temperatures. The reservoir is in the shape of a hollow cylinder with a close-fitting cylindrical piston which is used to force the liquid metal through the hollow transport tube into the evaporator. The liquid metal will not flow past the piston seal if a suitably small gap is formed between the piston and the reservoir walls wherein the surface tension of the liquid metal will exceed its hydrostatic pressure against the piston thus forming a leak-tight seal.

A hydrocarbon drilling fluid system is disclosed including a hydrocarbon fluid and a foaming composition, where the foaming composition includes a polymer, a gelling agent and its cross-linking agent, an optional foaming agent, or mixtures or combinations thereof. Uses of this drilling fluid system in a variety of downhole application are also disclosed.

A process for retrieving a bottom hole assembly through a casing string may include: installing a casing string in a borehole, the casing string including a bottom hole assembly releasably engaged thereto and moveable through an inner diameter of the casing string; releasing the bottom hole assembly from engagement with the casing string; reducing hydrostatic pressure in the casing string inner diameter above the bottom hole assembly so that the casing string inner diameter pressure above the bottom hole assembly is lower than a fluid pressure below the bottom hole assembly; permitting reverse circulation down through an annulus between the casing string and the borehole to permit the bottom hole assembly to rise up through the casing string toward the surface; and retrieving the bottom hole assembly from the casing string.

A method of drilling or gas-lifting is disclosed where the methods including the use of a foaming agent and a gas, where the foaming agent is a keratin and the hydrostatic pressure of the fluid in the well is for a portion of the drilling or gas-lift operation less than an hydrostatic pressure of the formation being drilled or under production.

The disclosure is directed to a composition for controlling wellbore fluid and gas invasion including methods for using said composition. The composition of the invention is a flowable slurry preferably comprising about 70 to 30% by weight of magnesium oxychloride and about 70 to 30% by weight of water. The composition is a flowable slurry at composition temperatures below about 60° C. and sets to form a substantially solid mass upon reaching a composition temperature of about 60-68° C. The phase transition is rapid, thereby limiting or avoiding formation of gel states which contribute to incomplete wellbore seals. The rapid set of the slurry further avoids invasive contamination of earthen formations surrounding the wellbore. The composition has a near-linear relationship between the time required for the phase transition to occur and the composition temperature at which the phase transition occurs. This advantageous property permits the composition set time to be accurately determined and modified as required through the addition of accelerators and inhibitors. The phase transition occurs predictably at high pressures typical of those encountered in wellbore operations. Additives may be included to modify the properties of the composition. The method includes use of the composition to control the loss of fluids and gases from the wellbore.

A hydrocarbon drilling fluid system is disclosed including a hydrocarbon fluid and a foaming composition, where the foaming composition includes a polymer, a gelling agent and its cross-linking agent, an optional foaming agent, or mixtures or combinations thereof. Uses of this drilling fluid system in a variety of downhole application are also disclosed.

By substantially eliminating the crushed zone surrounding a perforation tunnel and expelling debris created upon activation of a shaped charge with first and second successive explosive events, the need for surge flow associated with underbalanced perforating techniques is eliminated. The break down of the rock fabric at the tunnel tip, caused by the near-instantaneous overpressure generated within the tunnel, further creates substantially debris-free tunnels in conditions of limited or no underbalance as well as in conditions of overbalance.

The present invention discloses a method and a forming system that reduces the hydrostatic pressure caused by casting freshly mixed concrete or other cementicious material into vertical forms. Reducing the hydrostatic pressure in forms enables relatively weak materials to be used as form boards and minimizes the amount of bracing necessary to support the form boards—both of which lead to lower construction costs. The method uses the highly thixotropic properties of no-slump or low-slump concrete which enable the concrete to be quickly changed from a semi-solid state to a liquid and back to a semi-solid state numerous times before it hardens and without affecting the concrete's quality. Since hydrostatic pressure is only present when a liquid state exists, minimizing the amount of liquid concrete in vertical forms will also minimize the hydrostatic pressure present.

An apparatus and method are provided for selectively providing delicate nascent plants with a predetermined volume of water containing fertilizer, pesticide, or herbicide to row crops in agriculture operations. The hydraulic apparatus, together with certain electronic controls, delivers aliquots of aqueous solution rapidly, yet under low pressure, thereby ensuring that delicate nascent plants are not damaged by high-pressure flows and also ensuring that bare soil is not subject to erosion. The on / off control of the hydraulic apparatus is provided by means of light emitters.

A novel biologically active water treatment system for removing contaminant from industrial effluent and method thereof is provided. A novel upflow bioreactor system having an expanded bed configuration and method for creating an expanded bed for release of gas without release of substantial precipitate is also provided. A novel downflow bioreactor system having an automated degas and backwash system is also provided.

A method and system allows periodic access the wrong way through one or more one-way valves installed in a fluid flow stream. Fluid can flow through the bypassed valves or through the tools used to bypass the valves such as those of a reciprocating production pump. A stab tool cooperates with a valve to unseat a ball from a ball seat so as to bypass the ball and pass through the ball seat. The stab tool can be conveyed by tubing for discharge of fluid through ports in the stab tool. In another aspect of the invention, a rod installed within a pump between a reciprocating uphole valve and a downhole valve is arranged so that when the pump is closed, the stab tool at the rod's lower end passes through the downhole valve and a projection at the rod's upper end passed though the uphole valve the pump is partially closed. Fluid can be pumped in reverse through the pump fluidize debris.

The invention relates to a conticaster roller row curve with continuous bending segment and two continuous straightening segments, its character: it is a smoothly linked curve by vertical segment, continuous bending segment, basic arc segment, first continuous straightening segment, transition arc segment, second continuous straightening segment and horizontal segment. The whole roller row is composed of fixed rollers, and its curvature varies continuously. It can effectively avoid or reduce the inner crack of cast ingot and incidental partial separation, and simplifies the devices in continuous bending and straightening segments, and reduces the height of the conticaster.

Provided is a method and composition for the in-situ generation of synthetic sweet spots in tight-gas formations. The composition can include nitrogen generating compounds, which upon activation, react to generate heat and nitrogen gas. The method of using the composition includes injecting the composition into a tight-gas formation such that upon activation, heat and nitrogen gas are generated. Upon the generation of nitrogen gas and heat within the formation, microfractures are produced within the formation and the hydrostatic pressure within the reservoir is reduced to less than the reservoir fluid pressure, such that the rate of production of hydrocarbons from the formation is increased.

A tether system include tethers each having an upper section (1) attached to a tension leg platform (TLP) (4), and each upper section has a large diameter so that the upper section (1) is positively bouyant. This buoyancy can be designed to compensate for the weight of the lower section (2) of each tether, so as to make the total buoyancy of each tether closer to neutral. The selection process for each section is driven by requirements for buoyancy, stiffness and external pressure resistance.

A method and system allows periodic access the wrong way through one or more one-way valves installed in a fluid flow stream. Fluid can flow through the bypassed valves or through the tools used to bypass the valves such as those of a reciprocating production pump. A stab tool cooperates with a valve to unseat a ball from a ball seat so as to bypass the ball and pass through the ball seat. The stab tool can be conveyed by tubing for discharge of fluid through ports in the stab tool. In another aspect of the invention, a rod installed within a pump between a reciprocating uphole valve and a downhole valve is arranged so that when the pump is closed, the stab tool at the rod's lower end passes through the downhole valve and a projection at the rod's upper end passed though the uphole valve the pump is partially closed. Fluid can be pumped in reverse through the pump fluidize debris.

By substantially eliminating the crushed zone surrounding a perforation tunnel and expelling debris created upon activation of a shaped charge with first and second successive explosive events, the need for surge flow associated with underbalanced perforating techniques is eliminated. The break down of the rock fabric at the tunnel tip, caused by the near-instantaneous overpressure generated within the tunnel, further creates substantially debris-free tunnels in conditions of limited or no underbalance as well as in conditions of overbalance.

An artificial lift device is useful for inducing artificial gas lift in a well bore fluid present in a horizontal well bore system using electrically conductive aqueous solution. The artificial lift device includes an ion exchange membrane, an electrode pair having an anode and a cathode separated by the ion exchange membrane, a sensor operable to detect the presence of solution and a power relay operable to selectively permit the electrode pair to receive electrical power. The artificial lift device is operable to form hydrogen product gas bubbles from hydrogen product gas. A method for providing artificial gas lift using the artificial lift device includes forming a horizontal well bore system having a well boot, introducing the artificial lift device into the well bore system, introducing electrical power to the electrode pair, and operating the device to introduce hydrogen product gas bubbles into the horizontal well bore system.

A method of using an electrochemical gas lift apparatus to induce artificial gas lift in a production fluid includes introducing the electrochemical gas lift apparatus into a well bore having a production zone, operating the electrochemical gas lift apparatus such that a combination of hydrocarbon fluid and formation water is introduced into the interior of the electrochemical gas lift apparatus, introducing electrical power to the electrochemical gas lift apparatus such that at least a portion of formation water in the interior of the electrochemical gas lift apparatus converts into product gases, operating the electrochemical gas lift apparatus such that the product gases form product gas bubbles in the interior of the electrochemical gas lift apparatus, and operating the electrochemical gas lift apparatus such that production fluid forms in the interior of the electrochemical gas lift apparatus. The production fluid comprises hydrocarbon fluid, unconverted formation water and product gas bubbles.

An unfavorable geological body crossing tunnel casing bridge underground structure and a construction method thereof belong to the field of tunnel engineering. The unfavorable geological body crossingtunnel casing bridge underground structure comprises a primary lining system, a casing bridge structure and a second lining. The construction method comprises that pipe pieces are embedded onto steeltube arches through grooves, the steel tube arches are connected with first-type support piles through diameter-variable connectors, grade beams are poured on the connecting parts of the first-type support piles, the diameter-variable connectors and the steel tube arch to form the primary lining system; second-type support piles are between the grade beams on both sides of an excavated section, capping beams are poured at the tops of the second-type support piles, a layer of rubber cushion is laid on the capping piles, box girder inverted arches are hoisted onto the rubber cushion to form a casing bridge structure; the primary lining system and the casing bridge structure are connected in a poured mode through the box girder inverted arches and prefabricated reinforcing bars of the gradebeams on both sides; the second lining is poured to form the unfavorable geological body crossing tunnel bridge casing underground structure. The unfavorable geological body crossing tunnel bridge casing underground structure and construction method thereof can cross unfavorable geological bodies such as karst caves, underground rivers and soft ground, and meanwhile, can effectively transfer surrounding rock pressure, reduce deformation of tunnels and ensure construction safety.

A microfluidic accumulating and proportioning component, including:a reservoir including an aeration port and an outlet disposed below for a liquid,capillary cavities in the reservoir,a displacement chamber which is disposed at least partly at the same level as the reservoir, with an inlet disposed above and a proportioning outlet disposed below for a liquid, anda rising capillary channel connecting the outlet of the reservoir to the inlet of the displacement chamber.

An enclosure is made out of transparent or translucent panes which form a chamber (1) through which a liquid flows in closed circuit and which interchanges energy with the inner and outer environments, a heat exchanger (2) in contact with the liquid, a circulation pump (3), and a hydrostatic pressure reducer device (4). The hydrostatic pressure reducer device allows the reduction of the thicknesses of the transparent panes which hold the liquid inside. The active character of the enclosure is due to its capacity of controlling the solar heat load and the illumination. The solar heat load is regulated through the heat exchanger. The illumination of the building is controlled through the adjustable transparency of the liquid. The described enclosure allows the creation of an isothermal envelope which allows the climatization of the building. The system can be used for active outer enclosures or for interior partitions for the climatization and luminic control, as well as for glass roofs or false ceilings.

The invention discloses a rotary deep drawing forming mold of a thin-wall cup-shaped part. The mold comprises a punch, a forming female mold and a lower mold plate, the forming female mold is coaxially provided with a composite mold cavity allowing a blank to be placed in, the end face of the contact of the punch and the blank is a conical boss mold face, the composite mold cavity is formed through compositing of a V mold cavity in the upper portion and a rectangular mold cavity in the lower portion, the two sides of the connecting position of the V mold cavity and the rectangular mold cavityare each provided with multi-pass arc convex face tables making contact with the blank, the multi-pass arc convex face tables are sequentially mounted from top to bottom, the arc radii of the convex face tables are sequentially increased, the number of the arc convex face tables on one side is larger than that of the arc convex face tables on the other side by one, the forming die mold is an asymmetric annular rotation body, the additional arc convex face table is mounted on the highest position on the side, according to the mold, the steel forming property can be improved, the forming component comprehensive mechanical property can be improved, and the defect that strength differences of all directions of a traditional thin drawing forming thin-wall cup-shaped part are large can be overcome.

The invention discloses a vegetation type anchor rod ecological bag and a slope protection method thereof. The method comprises the first step of construction preparing, the second step of measuring and lofting, the third step of base cleaning and leveling, the fourth step of ecological bag filling and mixing, the fifth step of ecological bag packing, the sixth step of slope body earthwork backfilling, the seventh step of slope ratio determining through wire pulling, the eighth step of ecological bag building, the ninth step of slope face cleaning, the tenth step of afforest constructing, and the eleventh step of maintaining. According to the vegetation type anchor rod ecological bag, water is allowed to seep out of a bag body, the hydrostatic pressure of the bag body is reduced, the soil in the bag is not allowed to get out of the bag body, the purpose of conservation of water and soil is achieved, the bag body becomes a medium for the survival of plants, and the bag body is soft and good in integrity. An anchor rod connecting assembly is adopted, the whole bag is subjected to the force, the vegetation type anchor rod ecological bag has scientific stability, and the construction method is simple and convenient. The vegetation type anchor rod ecological bag has high adaptability to the environment, the environment can be beautified after construction, air can be purified, the vision fatigue is relieved, and the vegetation type anchor rod ecological bag is integrated with the nature.

A jackable building foundation system includes a steel beam support frame platform to which one or more platform jacks are attached. Vertical movement of the platform in response to jacking is constrained by cuboidal column guides at the four corners. Each of the column guides comprises two tiers of square roller frames, within each of which is an I-beam engaged between the flanges on either side by two rollers supported on horizontal axes. The orientations of the I-beams and rollers alternate orthogonally at each corner of the platform, so that torques generated by uneven jacking are suppressed and do not result in jamming of the platform as it rises. The system is remotely controlled and monitored by a digital device, such as a smartphone, using application software.