The invention relates to the technical field of channel improvement, in particular to a silt removal device for channel improvement. The silt removal device for channel improvement can stir stubborn silt more thoroughly, improve the treatment degree of salvaged silt, better dehydrate the silt, reduce the influence on and damage to the environment, improve the use reliability of the device and improve the degree of automation. The silt removal device for the channel improvement comprises a hull, wherein the bottom of the hull is provided with a working cavity, and the top end of the hull is provided with a control chamber; the silt removal device further comprises a first rotating shaft, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and a submersible motor, the first connecting rod is provided with multiple sets of rolling wheel groups, and the multiple sets of rolling wheel groups are evenly provided with stirring teeth; the silt removal device further comprises a second rotating shaft, a third connecting rod, a fourth connecting rod, a conveyor belt group, a first connecting pipe, a second connecting pipe, a silt box and a dehydration cylinder, the dehydration cylinder is internally provided with a dehydration cavity, and a water placement cavity is formed between the inner wall of the silt box and the outer wall of the dehydration cylinder.