The invention belongs to the technical field of underground
engineering rock and soil body drilling and
cutting, and underground
engineering disaster prevention and reduction, and provides a magneticconversion type tool change drilling method for soft and hard stratums. When the in-hole tool change operation is carried out, a telescopic controller is used for controlling the retraction of a telescopic rod to drive a magnetic block and a first set of
drill bit fixing plates to retract together, when the height of the other set of
drill bit fixing plates is reached, the
magnetization function ends, and the magnetic block is separated from the first set of
drill bit fixing plates; a lifting sliding rod set is controlled to rotate by a certain angle, so that the other set of
drill bit fixingplates can be coincided with the axis of the magnetic block in the vertical direction; then the magnetic block is driven to descend; the magnetic block is controlled to be magnetically connected withthe other set of ferromagnetic
drill bit fixing plates, and the in-hole replacement of the cutters is completed. Meanwhile, the rapid drilling and
cutting construction of the soft and hard stratums can be achieved through variable drilling and
cutting, and any stratum rock debris can be quickly discharged through a pump
water washing system, the stratum adaptability of the drill holes is improved,and the problem that the hole deviation in drilling in soft and hard stratums is large is solved.