129 results about "Astrocyte cells" patented technology

Methods, compositions and kits for producing functional neurons, astroctyes, oligodendrocytes and progenitor cells thereof are provided. These methods, compositions and kits find use in producing neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and progenitor cells thereof for transplantation, for experimental evaluation, as a source of lineage- and cell-specific products, and the like, for example for use in treating human disorders of the CNS. Also provided are methods, compositions and kits for screening candidate agents for activity in converting cells into neuronal cells, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and progenitor cells thereof.

The invention discloses a preparation method and culture medium of human-derived astrocyte precursor cells. The method can be utilized to obtain abundant astrocyte precursor cells in vitro. Compared with the traditional method of directly differentiating astrocyte cells from nerve stem cells, the precursor cells obtained by the method have high multiplication capacity and capacity for directional differentiation into astrocyte cells, and the method can quickly obtain abundant high-purity astrocyte cells in a short time. The culture medium for culturing astrocyte precursor cells has the characteristics of definite components and accessible commercial products. The method for generating abundant astrocyte cells for scientific research or clinic use has the characteristics of low cost, high safety, high production efficiency and high operability.

The invention provides an application of a miR containing a 5'- terminal specific seed base sequence, an improved Schwann cell and applications thereof, and relates to the technical field of central nervous system damage repairing. The miR is used to promote the compatibility and integration between Schwann cells and astrocyte; and the 5'- terminal specific seed base sequence is UAAGGCAC or AAGGCAC. The results of experiments show that after the expression level of matured miR containing a 5'- terminal specific seed base sequence is artificially improved, the expression of astrocyte related gene in improved Schwann cells is obviously reduced, the expression of neurotrophic factor genes (NT-3 and BDNF) is obviously increased, and improved Schwann cells are compatible with and fused with astrocyte. The improved Schwann cells can inhibit astrocyte, the integration of Schwann cells and astrocyte is promoted, and the formation of glial scars caused by astrocyte is inhibited.

Low-generation dendrimers containing a high density of surface hydroxyl groups, and methods of synthesis thereof are provided. In particular, oligo ethylene glycol (OEG)-like dendrimers with a high surface functional groups at relatively low generations (e.g. ˜120 hydroxyls in the third generation, with a size of just 1-2 nm) is described. Dendrimer formulations including one or more prophylactic, therapeutic, and / or diagnostic agents, and methods of use thereof are also described. The formulations are suitable for topical, enteral, and / or parenteral delivery for treating one or more diseases, conditions, and injuries in the eye, the brain and nervous system (CNS), particularly those associated with pathological activation of microglia and astrocytes.

The invention relates to application of astragaloside in preparation of drug for promoting neural stem cell regeneration. Research shows that astragaloside is capable of effectively promoting self-renewing and multiplication of neural stem cells, and promoting neural stem cell in mouse brain subjected to ischemia reperfusion injury to produce new neuron cells, astrocyte cells or synaptic glial cells, and the like. Therefore, the regeneration capacity of the neural stem cell can be effectively recovered.

The invention discloses a construction method of an adeno-associated virus cross-blood brain barrier model. The construction method comprises the following steps: inoculating prepared astrocytes to the upper layer of a chip; inervsely inoculating prepared human brain microvascular endothelial cells to the lower layer of the chip; placing the chip in a matched precise shaking table so as to simulate the fluid shear force in the blood vessel of a human body; and performing continuous culture on the double-layer co-culture chip so that brain microvascular endothelial cells and astrocytes grow to form a blood brain barrier structure. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the in-vitro blood-brain barrier model is successfully constructed, the characteristics of the in-vivo blood-brain barrier are reflected more accurately and more closely, and the method can be used for related research of AAV crossing the blood-brain barrier. According to the invention, fluid shear force is added, so that a real in-vivo environment is better met, high throughput can be realized, and consumption of cells and reagents is reduced.

The invention relates to application of E3 ubiquitin ligase CHIP in a gliomatosis cerebri disease. In glioma tissues, CHIP is mainly expressed in endochylema of a tumor cell and is localized with labeled protein GFAP (Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein) of an astroglia, and the expression increases along with the increment of levels; after a CHIP expression amount rises, mRNA (Messenger RNA) and protein expression of a Survivin increase; and after the CHIP expression amount reduces, the mRNA (Messenger RNA) and the protein expression of the Survivin decrease and the protein expression of beta-catenin increases. Through immunohistochemistry, the invention compares the expression conditions of the CHIP in gliomas at different levels and normal gliomatosis cells, clarifies effects and pathological mechanisms of the CHIP in the processes of glioma occurrence, development, proliferation and invasiveness and provides powerful means for the biological target treatment of the glioma in future.

The presently disclosed subject matter provides in vitro methods of inducing differentiation of stem cells into glial competent cells (e.g., astrocyte precursors) and astrocytes, and glial competent cells (e.g., astrocyte precursors) and astrocytes generated by such methods. The presently disclosed subject matter also provides uses of such glial competent cells (e.g., astrocyte precursors) and astrocytes for treating neurodegenerative disorders.

The invention discloses a bionic three-dimensional nerve blood vessel unit direct contact co-culture system which at least comprises neurons, semipermeable membranes, three-dimensional cultured astrocytes, semipermeable membranes and vascular endothelial cells, the three-dimensional cultured astrocytes are attached to the non-vascular endothelial cell side of a semipermeable membrane-vascular endothelial cell complex, and the semipermeable membrane-vascular endothelial cell complex is attached to the non-vascular endothelial cell side of the semipermeable membrane-vascular endothelial cell complex. And the semi-permeable membrane is attached to the non-neuron cell side of the semi-permeable membrane-neuron complex to form a direct contact co-culture system of vascular endothelial cells, three-dimensional culture astrocytes and neurons. The invention further discloses a construction method of the bionic three-dimensional nerve blood vessel unit direct contact co-culture system. According to the bionic three-dimensional nerve and blood vessel unit direct contact co-culture system and the construction and culture method thereof provided by the invention, physiological functions of blood brain barrier, nutrition coupling, electrophysiological coupling and the like of the nerve and blood vessel unit in vivo can be comprehensively and effectively simulated.

The present disclosure generally relates to a process to prepare a cell culture system that mimics the structure of blood brain barrier (BBB) and are useful to study the functions thereof. In particular, the present invention relates to a direct-contact coculture and triculture systems prepared by plating BMECs on a pre-formed lawn of coculture of astrocytes and pericytes on the apical surface of a culture-chamber to achieve a truly direct contact triculture model for BBB. The cell culture systems disclosed herein are also useful for studying the functions of the blood brain barrier and predicting the efficacy and potential toxicity of a drug candidate.

The present invention relates to methods for treating brain metastasis by inhibiting gap junction functionality. It is based, at least in part, on the discovery that cancer cells expressing Protocadherin 7 and Connexin 43 form gap junctions with astrocytes that promote the growth of brain metastases, and that inhibition of Protocadherin 7 and / or Connexin 43 expression in cancer cells reduce progression of brain metastases. It is further based on the discovery that treatment with gap junction inhibitors tonabersat and meclofenamate inhibited progression of brain metastatic lesions and enhanced the anti-cancer activity of the conventional chemotherapeutic agent, carboplatin.

The invention discloses application of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (N-acetyl glucosamine, GlcNAc) in preparation of drugs for preventing and treating Alzheimer's disease, and particularly discloses an inhibiting effect of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine on astrocyte mediated neuroinflammation in O-GlcNAc transferase (Ogt) deficient mice and Alzheimer's disease model mice, and an improving effect on learning and memory disorder of astrocyte specific Ogt deficient mice, and researches the action mechanism of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. The result shows that N-acetyl-D-glucosamine can significantly inhibit astrocyte mediated neuroinflammation in Ogt deficient mice or Alzheimer's disease model mice, and significantly improve the cognitive memory disorder of astrocyte specific Ogt deficient mice. The result shows that N-acetyl-D-glucosamine inhibits the inflammatory response and improves the cognitive function by improving the O-GlcNAc modification level of astrocytes, and can be used for preparing drugs or health food for preventing and treating Alzheimer's disease or other neuroinflammation related diseases.

The invention sifts the protein with differential expression which is in cancer organises of the hepatocyte cancer and nearby cancer organises to obtain a high expression protein in the cancer organizes of the hepatocyte cancer. The differential expression of the astrocyte phosphating protein PEA-15 between the cancers organises of the hepatocyte cancer and nearby cancer organizes exists indeed is confirmed by the immune imprint experiment. In consideration of the correlation between the astrocyte cell phosphorylation protein PEA-15 and the hepatocyte cancer, the protein can be used as protein molecule mark to detect the hepatocyte cancer.

The present invention relates to a method for producing astrocytes comprising obtaining neural progenitor cells from stem cells so as to continuously produce astrocytes with high purity and same traits, followed by two steps of differentiating the neural progenitor cells into the astrocytes, and astrocytes produced therefrom. Since the method of preparing the astrocytes provided in the present invention enables not only production of the astrocytes with high purity and faster production of the astrocytes with same characteristics, but also rapid differentiation of the astrocytes using the neural progenitor cells when necessary, it can be widely used for effectively treating a patient with a disease which requires transplantation of the astrocytes.