A remote sensing satellite integrated electronic system based on bus routing, comprising: a control module, a routing module, a computing module, a storage module, and a modulation and adaptation module. As a high-speed data channel, the routing bus realizes the interconnection among modules such as computing, storage, modulation and adaptation, and the internal data flow of the system is flexible and controllable. Computing, storage and other modules adopt ring backup design, there is no fixed corresponding relationship, and the single boards between modules can be combined and communicated arbitrarily. The computing module adopts a high-performance computing platform, cooperates with the storage module to complete the on-orbit intelligent processing of high-speed payload data, and supports software on-orbit injection, task replacement and expansion. The above-mentioned integrated electronics solves the problem that the integrated electronic data flow direction of the remote sensing satellite data processing and transmission system is fixed, the function is simple and cannot be changed.