267 results about "Correction technique" patented technology

Error checking and correction techniques for web based applications use an error checking routine on a server or a client station to find errors in electronic text of an E-mail message. The disclosed error checking routine detects errors such as spelling errors in the electronic text and creates a correction file of the electronic text containing tags, markers and other information allowing errors to be displayed and corrected using the user's graphical interface. The graphical interface allows the user to review all the errors concurrently in the correction file and to correct the errors in any order. In a preferred embodiment, correction is facilitated in response to the user moving a mouse pointer over an error of interest, which provides correction options to be displayed in-line with the original text. The user can then select a suitable correction to correct the error.

Error checking and correction techniques for web based applications use an error checking routine on a server or a client station to find errors in electronic text of an E-mail message. The disclosed error checking routine detects errors such as spelling errors in the electronic text and creates a correction file of the electronic text containing tags, markers and other information allowing errors to be displayed and corrected using the user's graphical interface. The graphical interface allows the user to review all the errors concurrently in the correction file and to correct the errors in any order. In a preferred embodiment, correction is facilitated in response to the user moving a mouse pointer over an error of interest, which provides correction options to be displayed in-line with the original text. The user can then select a suitable correction to correct the error.

A system for selecting and applying an appropriate print quality defect correction technique to compensate for specified print quality defects includes a printhead deployed to perform an operation that forms an image on a print medium sheet composed of multiple adjacently-positioned swaths of print, a sensor mechanism deployed to perform an operation that scans the image, detects the presence of specified print quality defects in the multiple adjacently-positioned swaths of print, and generates an output corresponding to the detected defect, and a control mechanism communicating with and controlling operations of the printhead and sensor mechanism and storing an algorithm that responds to the sensor mechanism output by analyzing and comparing the output with a stored threshold value and when the output exceeds the stored threshold value selecting and applying an appropriate print quality defect correction technique to the printhead that compensates for the detected print quality defect in the multiple adjacently-positioned swaths of print in subsequent images that are formed by the printhead.

A method of establishing a shared secret random cryptographic key between a sender and a recipient using a quantum communications channel is described. The method comprises: generating a plurality of random quantum states of a quantum entity, each random state being defined by a randomly selected one of a first plurality of bases in Hilbert space, transmitting the plurality of random quantum states of the quantum entity via the quantum channel to a recipient, measuring the quantum state of each of the received quantum states of the quantum entity with respect to a randomly selected one of a second plurality of bases in Hilbert space, transmitting to the recipient composition information describing a subset of the plurality of random quantum states, analysing the received composition information and the measured quantum states corresponding to the subset to derive a first statistical distribution describing the subset of transmitted quantum states and a second statistical distribution describing the corresponding measured quantum states, establishing the level of confidence in the validity of the plurality of transmitted random quantum states by verifying that the first and second statistical distributions are sufficiently similar, deriving a first binary sting and a second binary string, correlated to the first binary string, respectively from the transmitted and received plurality of quantum states not in the subset, and carrying out a reconciliation of the second binary string to the first binary string by using error correction techniques to establish the shared secret random cryptographic key from the first and second binary strings.

A method of determining a measure of a tissue state (e.g., glycation end-product or disease state) in an individual. A portion of the tissue of the individual is illuminated with excitation light, then light emitted by the tissue due to fluorescence of a chemical with the tissue responsive to the excitation light is detected. The detected light can be combined with a model relating fluorescence with a measure of tissue state to determine a tissue state. The invention can comprise single wavelength excitation light, scanning of excitation light (illuminating the tissue at a plurality of wavelengths), detection at a single wavelength, scanning of detection wavelengths (detecting emitted light at a plurality of wavelengths), and combinations thereof. The invention also can comprise correction techniques that reduce determination errors due to detection of light other than that from fluorescence of a chemical in the tissue. For example, the reflectance of the tissue can lead to errors if appropriate correction is not employed. The invention can also comprise a variety of models relating fluorescence to a measure of tissue state, including a variety of methods for generating such models. Other biologic information can be used in combination with the fluorescence properties to aid in the determination of a measure of tissue state. The invention also comprises apparatuses suitable for carrying out the method, including appropriate light sources, detectors, and models (for example, implemented on computers) used to relate detected fluorescence and a measure of tissue state.

A method of data loading for large information warehouses includes performing checkpointing concurrently with data loading into an information warehouse, the checkpointing ensuring consistency among multiple tables; and recovering from a failure in the data loading using the checkpointing. A method is also disclosed for performing versioning concurrently with data loading into an information warehouse. The versioning method enables processing undo and redo operations of the data loading between a later version and a previous version. Data load failure recovery is performed without starting a data load from the beginning but rather from a latest checkpoint for data loading at an information warehouse level using a checkpoint process characterized by a state transition diagram having a multiplicity of states; and tracking state transitions among the states using a system state table.

An adaptive CT data acquisition system and technique is presented whereby radiation emitted for CT data acquisition is dynamically controlled to limit exposure to those detectors of a CT detector assembly that may be particularly susceptible to saturation during a given data acquisition. The data acquisition technique recognizes that for a given subject size and position that pre-subject filtering and collimating of a radiation beam may be insufficient to completely prevent detector saturation. Therefore, the present invention includes implementation of a number of CT data correction techniques for correcting otherwise unusable data of a saturated CT detector. These data correction techniques include a nearest neighbor correction, off-centered phantom correction, off-centered synthetic data correction, scout data correction, planar radiogram correction, and a number of others. The invention is applicable with energy discriminating CT systems as well as with conventional CT systems and other multi-energy CT systems, such as dual kVp-based systems.

An encoding device evaluates a plurality of processing and / or post-processing algorithms and / or methods to be applied to a video stream, and signals a selected method, algorithm, class or category of methods / algorithms either in an encoded bit-stream or as side information related to the encoded bitstream. A decoding device or post-processor utilizes the signaled algorithm or selects an algorithm / method based on the signaled method or algorithm. The selection is based, for example, on availability of the algorithm / method at the decoder / post-processor and / or cost of implementation. The video stream may comprise, for example, downsampled multiplexed stereoscopic images and the selected algorithm may include any of upconversion and / or error correction techniques that contribute to a restoration of the downsampled images.

The present invention relates to a method for continuously measuring blood pressure and its equipment. Said method is characterized by that it creates a regression equation between pulse wave conduction time and arterial pressure: BP=a+b*PWTT for measurand person; and utilizes personalization correction technique to define intercept and regression coefficient b of measurand person. Besides, said invention also provides a method for continuously obtaining pulse wave conduction time PWTT by using pulse wave of human body, electrocardiogram signal and phonocardiogram signal and its concrete steps. Said method can raise accuracy for continuously measuring blood pressure, and can be used for measuring head blood pressure.

A two-dimensional image projection device using array of micromirror array lenses and a random scanning technique is invented. Using the random scanning technique, the light efficiency is nearly doubled than that of the prior art. The invention makes a brighter and less power consuming display device possible. Because each micromirror array lens of array of micromirror array lenses can scan whole image plane, a fast self diagnosis and correction technique can be introduced in displaying device. The Self diagnosis and correction technique makes display device to maintain image quality even a few tens percent of micromirrors do not work properly. Owing to the scanning characteristics of micromirror array lens, the image projection device can express the same number of pixels image with less number of micromirrors than the prior art. This also enables small sized two-dimensional image projector, which can be incorporated in portable electronic equipments.

Multi-phase flow is estimated in a flow meter having a first and a second stage by empirically deriving an algorithm for the water and gas fractions, measuring pressures within the flow meter, and estimating a total mass flow rate based on the measured pressures. A corrected total mass flow rate is calculated using a liquid / gas slip correction technique. The oil fraction can be determined from the corrected total mass flow rate and gas and water fractions.

The present invention relates to a technique for correcting tones of a digitized image, for use in a mobile terminal or the like. The use of a conventional image tone correction technique to backlight correction imposes a limit on improvement in local contrast in a bright region or a dark region. According to the present invention, a block timing generation part (102) divides one image area into a plurality of blocks, an average luminance calculation part (103) calculates an average luminance level per block specified at the part 102, a correction-amount-per-block calculation part (104) calculates a direction of correction and a correction amount from an average luminance level per block, a correction-amount-per-pixel calculation part (105) interpolates the correction amount per block into the correction amount per pixel in that block, and a tone conversion part (107) reads out a final correction amount from a tone conversion table part (108), using the correction amount per pixel and luminance data of that pixel read out from a memory (106) as an address, to carry out tone conversion.

A novel method and apparatus for calibrating DC offsets in a direct conversion receiver. The present DC offset calibration method and apparatus comprises a direct conversion receiver equipped with a frequency shifter means and a DC offset measurement and correction technique. In accordance with the present invention, DC offsets are calibrated in direct conversion receivers through an inventive method including two steps: a DC offset measurement step and a DC offset correction step. In the DC offset measurement step the frequency of a local oscillation signal (typically generated by a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO)) is shifted by a selected frequency shift value during the inactive time intervals of the receiver. DC offsets are measured while the frequency of the down-conversion oscillation signal is shifted by the frequency shift value. Before the inactive time interval expires, the frequency of the down-conversion oscillator signal is shifted back to its original value. In the DC offset correction step of the present invention incoming signals are corrected using a correction means that removes the DC offset measured during the DC offset measurement step.

The present invention relates to a device for realizing beam-forming in CDMA mobile telecommunication system by employing smart antenna technique and method thereof, which forms multiple fixed beams in a sector, and uses multiple fixed beams to form the traffic channel with narrow beams and the common channel with sector beams simultaneously in the same smart antenna system, and overcomes the problem of inconsistency of phrases of respective channels due to the variations of time and temperature without complicated correction technique, thereby improving the capacity and performance of CDMA system with multiple antennas. It solves the problem that the fixed beams in some area correlate with and counteract one another or are greatly reduced due to the correlating addition of the space vectors of each fixed beam when the multiple antenna CDMA system transmits the common channels, and makes the strength of the pilot channel and the traffic channel in corresponding proportion in the coverage area, and improves the signal to noise ratio of receiving signals by the mobile station. By adding an optical transceiver system between the base band and the radio frequency TRX, the base band part can support more sectors. The radio frequency part is very close to the antennas, therefore the power consumption is reduced.

A system facilitating measurement and correction of overlay between multiple layers of a wafer is disclosed. The system comprises an overlay target that represents overlay between three or more layers of a wafer and a measurement component that determines overlay error existent in the overlay target, thereby determining overlay error between the three or more layers of the wafer. A control component can be provided to correct overlay error between adjacent and non-adjacent layers, wherein the correction is based at least in part on measurements obtained by the measurement component.

A circuit for correcting baseline wander in a transmitter which includes a main signal current driver driving a first winding of a two-winding transformer which first winding is in parallel with a termination impedance matching load, in which a compensation current driver is coupled in parallel with the main signal current driver for adding its current to current of the main signal current driver. A correction signal control input is provided to the compensation driver. A sample-and-hold circuit is connected across the first winding, an error amplifier having a first pair of inputs is connected across the first winding and a second pair of inputs are connected to the output of the sample and hold circuit. These provide an error signal resulting from a difference of signals appearing at its respective pairs of inputs. A circuit is provided for applying the error signal to the correction signal control input of the compensation current driver, whereby any difference between a present signal carried by the first winding of the transformer, and a past signal held by the sample-and-hold circuit, results in an error signal and generation of a correcting current by the compensation current driver so as to substantially eliminate the difference.

Methods and apparatus for disparity map correction through statistical analysis on local neighborhoods. A disparity map correction technique may be used to correct mistakes in a disparity or depth map. The disparity map correction technique may detect and mark invalid pixel pairs in a disparity map, segment the image, and perform a statistical analysis of the disparities in each segment to identify outliers. The invalid and outlier pixels may then be corrected using other disparity values in the local neighborhood. Multiple iterations of the disparity map correction technique may be performed to further improve the output disparity map.

A system facilitating measurement and correction of overlay between multiple layers of a wafer is disclosed. The system comprises an overlay target that represents overlay between three or more layers of a wafer and a measurement component that determines overlay error existent in the overlay target, thereby determining overlay error between the three or more layers of the wafer. A control component can be provided to correct overlay error between adjacent and non-adjacent layers, wherein the correction is based at least in part on measurements obtained by the measurement component.

A mechanism detects cable length in a storage subsystem with wide ports. The mechanism uses in-situ bidirectional cable wrapping for determining different cable lengths. The mechanism under-margins transmitter output to failure for each external port and even for each PHY within a wide port. Based on the transition point from “good” wrap to “bad” wrap, the cable length may be determined. The transition point identifies if the cable is long or short, at which point the optimum tuning parameters can accordingly be set. A calibration mechanism calibrates the high speed transmitter / receiver pair characteristics, and, thus, optimizes the transmission performance between subsystems. The calibration mechanism mitigates the need for frequent error correction and does not incur the performance degradation associated with error correction techniques.

A universal rake receiver architecture includes modular independent processing units that can be flexibly programmed to support different modes of operation. The processing units are capable of performing the basic correlation calculations of DS-CDMA and each unit has an internal local memory and controller that controls its mode of operation. Each unit performs the required synchronization and demodulation operations for a multipath of a signal in the digital domain using all-digital frequency and timing correction techniques. Frequency feedback need not be supplied to the analog section of the receiver. Interpolation most preferably is used to find the optimum sampling position of each incoming chip. This independence allows the receiver to be used with one to several antennas without design modifications.

Methods and apparatuses for the determination of an attribute of the tissue of an individual use non-invasive Raman spectroscopy. For example, the alcohol concentration in the blood or tissue of an individual can be determined non-invasively. A portion of the tissue is illuminated with light, the light propagates into the tissue where it is Raman scattered within the tissue. The Raman scattered light is then detected and can be combined with a model relating Raman spectra to alcohol concentration in order to determine the alcohol concentration in the blood or tissue of the individual. Correction techniques can be used to reduce determination errors due to detection of light other than that from Raman scattering from the alcohol in the tissue. Other biologic information can be used in combination with the Raman spectral properties to aid in the determination of alcohol concentration, for example age of the individual, height of the individual, weight of the individual, medical history of the individual and his / her family, ethnicity, skin melanin content, or a combination thereof. The method and apparatus can be highly optimized to provide reproducible and, preferably, uniform radiance of the tissue, low tissue sampling error, depth targeting of the tissue layers or sample locations that contain the attribute of interest, efficient collection of Raman spectra from the tissue, high optical throughput, high photometric accuracy, large dynamic range, excellent thermal stability, effective calibration maintenance, effective calibration transfer, built-in quality control, and ease-of-use.

A novel and useful mechanism for the detection, estimation and correction of far-end cross talk (FEXT) caused by transmissions over adjacent wire pairs or cables. The detection, estimation and correction technique of the invention can be used to identify and compensate for FEXT impairments in Ethernet and DSL systems. The detection, estimation and correction is performed utilizing one of several techniques including linear forward filtering, backward decision feedback based filtering and a combination thereof. Results of simulations are presented illustrating the performance improvements provided by the present invention

A method and device for measuring the blood pressure of artery and its personalized correction technique are disclosed. A series of the pressure values (P) for sleeve band and the time delay values (Tk) of the relative remote Ke's sounds are obtained. The function relation Tk(P) between said pressure change and sound delay is in turn obtained. Measuring a Tk relative to a P can calculate out the blood pressure change. A regression equation for continuous measurements of arteral blood pressure is used to obtain a personalized correction coefficient.

A process and system for automating the image quality inspection and correction for scanned document which previously required a human operator. For every scanned and thresholded image, the process and system performs an automatic evaluation through a binary image quality detection system which generates an image noise index indicative of the amount of image artifacts or image loss. When a poor quality scanned page is detected, for example, too much speckle noise, the gray scale image is retrieved or the image is rescanned. The gray scale image then automatically undergoes an image quality correction process to produce a clean, readable binary image.

Improved systems and methods for stereoscopically displaying and virtually viewing tube-like anatomical structures are presented. Stereoscopic display of such structures can provide a user with better depth perception of the structure being viewed and thus make a virtual examination more real. In exemplary embodiments according to the present invention, ray shooting, coupled with appropriate error correction techniques, can be utilized for dynamic adjustment of an eye convergence point for stereo display. In exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the correctness of a convergence point can be verified to avoid a distractive and uncomfortable visualization. Additionally, in exemplary embodiments of the present invention, convergence points in consecutive time frames can be compared. If rapid changes are detected, the system can compensate by interpolating transitional convergence points. In exemplary embodiments according to the present invention ray shooting can also be utilized to display occluded areas behind folds and protrusions in the inner colon wall. In exemplary embodiments according to the present invention, interactive display control functionalities can be mapped to a gaming-type joystick or other three-dimensional controller, freeing thereby a user from the limits of a two-dimensional computer interface device such as a standard mouse or trackball.

A 3D metal artifacts correction technique corrects the streaking artifacts generated by titanium implants or other similar objects. A cone-beam computed tomography system is utilized to provide 3D images. A priori information (such as the shape information and the CT value) of high density sub-objects is acquired and used for later artifacts correction. An optimization process with iterations is applied to minimize the error and result in accurate reconstruction images of the object.

A method of determining a measure of a tissue state (e.g., glycation end-product or disease state) in an individual. A portion of the tissue of the individual is illuminated with excitation light, then light emitted by the tissue due to fluorescence of a chemical with the tissue responsive to the excitation light is detected. The detected light can be combined with a model relating fluorescence with a measure of tissue state to determine a tissue state. The invention also can comprise correction techniques that reduce determination errors due to detection of light other than that from fluorescence of a chemical in the tissue (for example, the reflectance of the tissue). Other biologic information can be used in combination with the fluorescence properties to aid in the determination of a measure of tissue state.

Forward error correction is used in conjunction with detection of a start frame delimiter (SFD) to provide flexibility and to reduce missed instances of an SFD. Candidate SFDs in an incoming signal are identified using a lower-than-normal detection threshold, and corresponding markers are stored in a buffer. For each stored marker, a physical layer header following the candidate SFD is decoded with error-correction techniques, to determine whether uncorrectable errors exist. If so, the candidate is discarded and the next candidate is evaluated. If no uncorrectable errors exist, the candidate is declared a valid SFD, and the remaining signal is decoded. Dual detection thresholds can be employed in networks that permit both error-encoded and non-coded packets. A technique for selecting SFD patterns that facilitate higher performance is also disclosed.