140 results about "Intermittent energy source" patented technology

The present invention provides methods and apparatus for performing thermal processes to a semiconductor substrate. Thermal processing chambers of the present invention comprise two different energy sources, such as an infrared radiation source and a UV radiation source. The UV radiation source and the infrared radiation source may be used alone or in combination to supply heat, activate electronic, or create active species inside the thermal processing chamber.

An automatic transfer switch configured for connection to a non-traditional, full-time or intermittent power source, such as a wind turbine or solar panel, selectively connects the non-traditional power source as a primary power source and a utility-derived power source as a secondary power source. The intermittent power source includes an energy storage device, such as a bank of DC batteries, to supplement power delivery during periods of low energy production. The power is provided to an AC load via a DC-to-AC inverter. The transfer switch includes an input to monitor the voltage level on the energy storage device and will switch from the primary power source to the utility power source when the voltage level on the energy storage device drops below a preset level. Thus, a loading condition that exceeds the rating of the inverter will not fault the inverter or limit the power available to the loads.

The invention discloses a smart central strategy control system for a micro-grid. The smart central strategy control system for the micro-grid comprises a micro-grid electrical system. The micro-grid electrical system comprises a distributed electricity generation unit, an energy storage unit, an environment monitoring unit, a simulation load unit, an actual load unit, a communication network unit and a central strategy control unit. The smart central strategy control system for the micro-grid further comprises an information collection system unit and a central control processing unit. According to the smart central strategy control system for the micro-grid, overall control, coordination and optimization of electricity generation equipment, electricity consumption equipment and electricity consumption quality of the micro-grid can be achieved, the intermittent energy electricity generation plan, the load electricity consumption plan, load control, energy storage, the diesel engine electricity generation plan and the like are involved, and the functions of emergency electricity consumption control, automatic grid-connected / grid-disconnected switching control, adverse current prevention control, black-start control, peak load shifting, time shifting and the like of the system can be achieved. In communication, the smart communication detection technology and the channel hot standby redundancy technology are adopted additionally, and the stability and the reliability of communication are guaranteed.

The invention provides an isolated micro-grid hybrid energy storage optimal configuration method. Micro-grid power supply load unbalanced power and total loads in a micro-grid are integrally considered, influences of factors that intermittent energy and load conditions fluctuates with time in the system on isolated micro-grid hybrid energy storage capacity configuration are comprehensively considered, and the isolated micro-grid hybrid energy storage capacity optimal configuration is established; in addition, a genetic algorithm is utilized for solves isolated micro-grid hybrid energy storage capacity optimal configuration models corresponding to different splitting and decomposition modes of the power supply load unbalanced power, and an isolated micro-grid hybrid energy storage optimal scheme more according with reality is determined by selection, so that the practical isolated micro-grid hybrid energy storage configuration programming requirements are better met, the utilization rate and the service lifetime of the isolated micro-grid hybrid energy storage capacity configuration are improved, the operation economy is enhanced, the comprehensive utilization cost of the isolated micro-grid is lowered, and the isolated micro-grid hybrid energy storage optimal configuration method can be widely applied to hybrid energy storage capacity optimal configuration of the isolated micro-grids.

The invention provides a coalition game optimization operation method based on a user-side regional integrated energy system, which establishes a multi-objective function, calculates the energy inputquantity and price of the energy hub, converges to the optimal solution through multiple iterations of a double-layer model, and gives the basic conditions of the optimization problem. The invention also discloses a method for optimizing the energy input quantity and price of the energy hub. Each energy hub can trade with other hubs in the alliance and solve the Nash equilibrium solution by establishing the game model and utility function. The three-stage trading scheme of energy hub is designed, and the PSO algorithm is adopted to solve the maximum profit of each alliance, and the optimal operation strategy of the integrated energy system is obtained, and the optimal operation of the integrated energy system is realized. The method strengthens the cooperative relationship among energy hubs, can improve the flexibility of energy system operation, the utilization rate of energy cascade, reduce the waste of intermittent energy such as wind and light waste, and lighten the pressure on theenergy supplier on the user load side.

A system and method of controlling an electricity generating system that includes at least one intermittent energy source generating plant are disclosed. An exemplary method includes calculating actual operating parameters of the at least one intermittent energy source generating plant; calculating forecast operating parameters of the at least one intermittent energy source generating plant; generating intermittent energy source contingency definitions from such actual operating parameters and forecast operating parameters; analysing the intermittent energy source contingency definitions to provide contingency analyses; and controlling the electricity generating system in dependence upon such contingency analyses.

The invention provides a distributed-power-source-contained power distribution network reactive power optimization method based on mixed integer cone optimization. According to the probability density function of wind speed, the output power characteristics and the random outage rate of a draught fan, the probability density function of the output power of the draught fan is derived, and the multi-state discrete probability model of the output of the draught fan is established; according to the network topology, the line parameters, the node load level, the injected wind turbine generator capacity, the reference voltage and the reference power of a power distribution network, a power distribution network branch tide equation is established, and second-order cone relaxation processing is carried out on the tide equation; the economic benefits brought by installing a capacitor serve as an objective function of reactive power optimization, tide second order cone relaxation equation constraints, voltage constraints and capacitor capacity constraints are taken into consideration, and a power distribution network reactive power optimization model with intermittent energy is established. According to the distributed-power-source-contained power distribution network reactive power optimization method based on mixed integer cone optimization, the optimizing capacity is high, it is guaranteed that the obtained solution is optimal, and practicability is high.

The invention discloses a dynamic economic dispatch optimization method for an independent power grid containing intermittent energy. The minimum running cost of a system and the optimal output power of each distributed generation unit in each period are solved effectively by introducing power balance, system spare capacity, unit output, unit start-stop shortest time and other constraints into dynamic economic dispatch and based on an optimization objective function of active power distribution between distributed power supplies and an energy storage system and according to random fluctuation change of system load and wind power under different conditions. An independent power grid dynamic dispatch strategy based on interactive collaboration between a battery energy storage system and a diesel generator set is proposed. The optimal economic operation power range of the diesel generator set and the base point of collaborative dispatch between the diesel generator set and the battery energy storage system are given. The accuracy and efficiency of system economic dispatch optimization are greatly improved in a limited dispatch time period. The minimization of total operating cost of the optimization goal on the basis of stable and reliable operation of the system is ensured.

Power from wind, solar, and other intermittent energy sources cracks carbon dioxide, NOx, SOx, and other emissions from fossil fuel power plants, which provide baseload power to the grid. By this hybrid power system, intermittent sources can be integrated in power generation without compromising the reliability of the grid and without long power line connections. Carbon dioxide becomes, in effect, a storage medium for energy produced by intermittent sources. The CO2 can be pipelined to sites where wind, solar, tidal or and other intermittent energy sources are available, or power lines can be run from such intermittent sources to convenient sites for cracking.

A method for controlling an operating condition of an electric power grid, the electric power grid having an intermittent power supply coupled thereto, the method comprising: using an energy variability controller, controlling variability of a delivered power output of the intermittent power supply to the electric power grid by: monitoring an actual environmental value for a location proximate the intermittent power supply, an available power output of the intermittent power supply being dependent on the actual environmental value; when the actual environmental value is increasing and hence the available power output is increasing, increasing the delivered power output according to a predetermined rate of increase; monitoring a forecast environmental value for the location; when the forecast environmental value is decreasing, decreasing the delivered power output according to a predetermined rate of decrease; and, limiting the delivered power output to below a predetermined threshold.

Disclosed is an uncertainty optimization operating method for an alternating current and direct current microgrid comprising high-density intermittent energy source. According to the characteristics of the microgrid and on the basis of taking output uncertainty of the intermittent energy source into consideration, a wind energy and solar energy output fuzzy random model, a diesel generator fuel cost module and an energy storage cost module are established; by combination with the grid structure characteristics of the microgrid and the problem of high output fluctuation caused by access of a large amount of intermittent energy source, a fuzzy random optimization model capable of minimizing the comprehensive operating cost of the alternating current and direct current hybrid microgrid, and a real-time imbalance power adjusting model capable of minimizing adjusting expenditure are established; and the fuzzy random optimization model capable of minimizing the comprehensive operating cost of the alternating current and direct current hybrid microgrid is solved by a fuzzy random uncertainty alternating direction multiplier optimization algorithm so as to obtain an operating scheme of the alternating current and direct current hybrid microgrid. By virtue of the uncertainty optimization operating method, the accuracy of the dispatching plan of the microgrid comprising the high-density intermittent energy source can be effectively improved, imbalance power can be lowered, and imbalance power adjusting expenditure caused by day-head dispatching deviation can be reduced.

The invention relates to an evaluation method of an intermittent energy generating capacity confidence considering network constraint. The method includes: obtaining a planning year power grid plan typical operation mode; sampling time series data G (t) of annual conventional units, loads, and line commissioning by employing the sequential Monte Carlo simulation technology; performing wind-power annual output time series sampling by employing the sequential Monte Carlo simulation technology; calculating the power flow of a generating system; performing static security analysis and auxiliary decision; calculating the reliability of the generating system; calculating the capacity confidence of newly-increased energy; and calculating the capacity confidence of all the intermittent energies. According to the technical scheme, a planning scheme including generation, load, and a grid structure is obtained via power grid planning data, statistical rules are analyzed with the combination of historical wind speed and historical output information of a wind farm, annual random production and simulation of a sequential Monte Carlo model are performed, network constraint conditions are considered, and the generating capacity confidence of new energy is evaluated.

The invention discloses an optimizing method of a high-permeability throughput type power system planning scheme. The optimizing method comprises the following steps: establishing a model for evaluating indexes of a power system, inputting base data obtained from the power system into an index value of the power system index model, obtaining the relative weight of each evaluation index based on a network analytic hierarchy process, and finally obtaining the approach degree of a scheme according to the improved ideal point sorting method so as to obtain an optimal scheme of the power system plan. According to the optimizing method of the high-permeability throughput type power system planning scheme, which is disclosed by the invention, the problem of the optimizing manner of the high-permeability throughput type power system planning scheme is solved, so that the intermittent energy source can be effectively utilized, and the utilization rate of the energy source is maximized; and the method provided by the invention can more precisely select the optimal power system planning scheme.

A double ended inverter system for an AC electric traction motor of a vehicle is disclosed. The inverter system serves as an interface between two different energy sources having different operating characteristics. The inverter system includes a first energy source having first operating characteristics associated therewith, and a first inverter subsystem coupled to the first energy source and configured to drive the AC electric traction motor. The inverter system also includes a second energy source having second operating characteristics associated therewith, wherein the first operating characteristics and the second operating characteristics are different, and a second inverter subsystem coupled to the second energy source and configured to drive the AC electric traction motor. In addition, the inverter system has a controller coupled to the first inverter subsystem and to the second inverter subsystem. The controller is configured to influence operation of the first inverter subsystem and the second inverter subsystem to manage power transfer among the first energy source, the second energy source, and the AC electric traction motor.

Methods and systems for generating a probability assessment for peak demand reduction for utility customers using a conditional-output energy generator are described. One method includes providing a customer data set and one or more historical generator production data sets for one or more intermittent generators that meteorologically correspond with the customer data set. Time intervals are defined in the data sets and a production distribution curve is generated for each time interval. A simulation is performed using the historical customer consumption data and the production distribution curves to obtain a net demand distribution curve for each time interval. These methods and systems may provide probability-based economic evaluation of consumption management systems.

Improved devices, apparatuses, systems, and methods involving the use of field probes with voltage-controlled variable impedance elements and surface-launched acoustic wave devices, including surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices and SAW sensor-tag wireless interface devices to measure voltage and current in current carrying conductors (CCCs) via measurement of the electric fields and magnetic fields around said CCCs are disclosed. The devices, apparatuses, systems, and methods taught in the present invention include a remotely powered line-mounted measurement unit that requires no connection to electrical ground for operation, and that has no internal energy source, no energy harvesting or power conditioning circuitry, no discrete energy storage components, and no radio. The devices, apparatuses, systems, and methods taught in the present invention also provide for determining the phase (leading or lagging) of the current relative to the voltage in AC power systems, and also provide for measurement of temperature of the conductor.

The invention discloses a wind-solar-battery integrated scheduling strategy. By using the method, a utilization rate of intermittent energy and an effect of peak-load shifting can be increased and realized; a thermal power generating unit start and stop frequency can be reduced; starting up and shutdown cost and rotation standby cost are reduced; and phenomena of wind abandoning and light abandoning are effectively prevented. The technical scheme is characterized in that the method aims at a problem brought by individual wind and power access network, wind, power and photovoltaic are considered into one body, and integrated output is achieved, and then pumped storage is combined so as to carry out combined scheduling; modeling is performed so as to introduce a multi-target function of maximum wind-solar-battery energy output and a minimum generalized load fluctuation; in thermal power economic cost, set start and stop cost is considered; and an improved particle swarm algorithm is used to solve a generalized load fluctuation curve and set scheduling output. In the invention, flexible pumped storage energy or a scheduling power supply is used to restrain wind power and photovoltaic output fluctuations; a problem that there is no photovoltaic output at night so that a wind-power reverse peak adjusting characteristic is high is solved; possibilities of the wind abandoning and light abandoning are reduced; smooth wind-solar output is achieved and the peak-load shifting is realized; set starting up and shutdown frequencies are reduced; and economic benefits of the system are increased and power grid reliability is guaranteed.

The invention relates to the technical field of electric system energy planning, in particular to a random production simulation algorithm suitable for intermittent energy access. The random production simulation algorithm suitable for the intermittent energy access comprises the following steps that: establishing the time sequence load model of a system, forming an original load time sequence curve, establishing a conventional energy simulation submodel according to the characteristics and the operation situation of a conventional energy power station, and meanwhile, according to the output situations of a photovoltaic power station and a wind power plant, establishing an equivalent multi-state unit model; adopting the established photovoltaic and wind power equivalent multi-state unit model, correcting an equivalent electric quantity function, and calculating photovoltaic generating capacity and wind power generating capacity; and finally, after all units finish being arranged, calculating system production cost, EENS (Expected Energy Not Supplied) and LOLP (Loss Of Load Probability), and ending a random production operation simulation process which contains intermittent energy.

The invention discloses an active scheduling method for intermittent energy power generation, comprising the following steps: setting three cycling power dispatching links, namely a day-ahead power generation plan, an intraday power generation plan and a real-time power generation plan; during the day-ahead plan stage, constructing a next-day day-ahead power generation plan model to obtain a next-day day-ahead power generation plan; during the intraday plan stage, constructing an intraday power generation plan model by taking deviation with the dayahead power generation plan to be minimum as a target on the basis of the on-off state and capacity of the intraday scheduling period of a unit provided by the day-ahead power generation plan to obtain an intraday power generation plan; and during the real-time plan stage, constructing a real-time power generation plan by taking deviation with the dayahead power generation plan to be minimum as a target on the basis of the on-off state and capacity of the intraday scheduling period of a unit provided by the dayahead power generation plan to obtain a real-time power generation plan. According to the active scheduling method, power grid operation uncertainty is lowered after intermittent energy power generation is accessed, intermittent energy power generation can be furthest accepted, and the safety and the economy of the power grid operation can be improved.

The invention discloses a method for quantitatively analyzing intermittent energy synergistic effect based on a time domain, and belongs to the technical field of new energy power-generation grid-connection. The method comprises the following steps: analyzing intermittent energy long-term synergistic effect from two time scales of years-months and days based on related coefficients; determining an intermittent energy daily output fluctuation characteristic classification method based on fuzzy classification; computing two intermittent energy synergistic effect indexes: the intermittent energy synergistic effect related coefficient and an intermittent energy synergistic effect fluctuation index; analyzing intermittent energy years-months and days scale synergistic effect according to the intermittent energy synergistic effect related coefficient; and analyzing intermittent energy short-term synergistic effect based on the intermittent energy synergistic effect fluctuation index. The synergistic effects of the intermittent energies are analyzed from the time scales in different levels to determine the relevance and complementary between the intermittent energies, and the theoretical basis and guidance are provided for the power network planning containing a high permeability intermittent energy regional power grid.

The invention discloses a method for analyzing the contribution of an intermittent energy source based on time domain and a constellation effect, belonging to the technical field of new energy source generation and grid connection. The method comprises the following steps of: counting real-time contribution data of an intermittent energy source wind power station, and performing volatility analysis on the contribution of the intermittent energy source wind power station from three levels of time scales; calculating the constellation effect of an intermittent energy source wind power station cluster; and determining relevance and complementary among the intermittent energy source wind power stations according to the constellation effect among the intermittent energy source wind power stations. According to the method, the volatility analysis is performed on the contribution from different levels of time scales, and an adjustment basis is provided for the wind power station; based on the running of levels of time scales, the current dispatching, pitch peak and spare capacity of a machine set are calculated according to six divided volatility types; and constellation effect indexes are overfitted by a hybrid Gaussian distribution method and introduced into a confidence interval, and the constellation effect intensities at different installed capacities are effectively calculated.

The invention provides an expandable deep-width adaptive dynamic programming intelligent power generation control method, which combines an expandable deep-width adaptive dynamic programming algorithmwith a learning rate adaptive algorithm, and is suitable for 'source-load ' three-state energy active control of a future integrated energy interconnection system (FIEIS) under a unified time scale.According to the method, the problem that traditional power generation control is difficult to adapt to real-time flexible control of active frequency under high permeability of three-state energy andintermittent energy of a power system is solved; the robustness and stability of the method are high, and the iterative convergence speed and accuracy are improved. According to the method, the depthand the width of a deep neural network are adaptively changed according to the type and the number of the three-state energy accessed to the network on the framework, so that the real-time performance, the accuracy and the stability of active control are enhanced. A deep width model prediction network, an evaluation network and an execution network of the method can effectively replace a traditional multi-time-scale combined active control algorithm.

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological agriculture and discloses an intermittent energy-saving irrigation weeding device for ecological agriculture. The intermittent energy-saving irrigation weeding device comprises a frame, a mounting frame is fixedly connected to the top end of the frame, and an operation frame is fixedly connected to the top end of the mounting frame. A first motor is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the operation frame through a motor mounting plate and rotationally connected with a first belt pulley through an output shaft, the first belt pulley is rotationally connected with a second belt pulley through a belt, and the second belt pulley is rotationally connected with a coupler through a rotating shaft. The intermittent energy-saving irrigation weeding device for ecological agriculture has advantages that herbicide spraying and water saving in irrigation are realized, complete water absorption of crops in irrigation can be realized, the concept of water saving is implemented, and production cost is reduced; by stable and accurate control of herbicide spraying, efficiency and accuracy in herbicide spraying are guaranteed, and an intelligent process is accelerated.

The invention relates to a backbone network optimization method of a high-proportion renewable energy source electrical power system so as to consider the effect of high-proportion renewable energy ina backbone network of the electrical power system and the influence on the electrical power system. The basic implementation process comprises the following steps: inputting topological structure andelectrical characteristic parameters of the electrical power system; calculating the relative importance degrees of load nodes, wind power plant nodes, photovoltaic power station nodes and conventional unit nodes; adopting an improved entropy weight-ideal solution to solve the relative importance degrees among the different types of nodes; adopting a staged backbone network to construct a strategy, optimizing the load nodes as a main task in a first-stage model, and adopting a colony algorithm for solution; optimizing power supply nodes as a main task in a second-stage model, and adopting thecolony algorithm in combination with a greedy strategy for solution. The core backbone network optimized and obtained by the method can guarantee power supply for important loads, and has relativelyhigh intermittent energy permeability and utilization rate.

The invention discloses an adjustable peak energy storage system based on supercritical carbon dioxide circulation and a control method thereof. The system comprises a low-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide storage tank, a first compressor, a first heat exchanger, a first cooler, a high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide storage tank, a low-temperature brine storage tank and a high-temperature brine storage tank; a first outlet of the low-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide storage tank is connected with an inlet of the first compressor through a first control valve, an exhaust port ofthe first compressor is connected with a first inlet of a first heat exchanger, and a first outlet of the first heat exchanger is connected with an inlet of the high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide storage tank through the first cooler and a second control valve; and a second outlet of the first heat exchanger is connected with an inlet of the high-temperature brine storage tank, and an outlet of the low-temperature brine storage tank is connected with a second inlet of the first heat exchanger through a fourth control valve. By the adoption of the system, peak shifting and valley filling can be effectively realized, the power cost of a user can be well reduced, and the capability of the user to accept an intermittent energy source can be improved.

Intermittent energy sources, including solar and wind, require scalable, low-cost, multi-hour energy storage solutions to be effectively incorporated into the grid. Redox-flow batteries offer a solution, but suffer from rapid capacity fade and low Coulombic efficiency due to the high permeability of redox-active species across the battery's membrane. Here we show that active-species crossover can be arrested by scaling the membrane's pore size to molecular dimensions and in turn increasing the size of the active material to be above the membrane's pore-size exclusion limit. When oligomeric redox-active organic molecules were paired with microporous polymer membranes, the rate of active-material crossover was either completely blocked or slowed more than 9,000-fold compared to traditional separators at minimal cost to ionic conductivity. In the case of the latter, this corresponds to an absolute rate of ROM crossover of less than 3 μmol cm−2 day−1 (for a 1.0 M concentration gradient), which exceeds performance targets recently set forth by the battery industry. This strategy was generalizable to both high and low-potential ROMs in a variety of electrolytes, highlighting the importance of macromolecular design in implementing next-generation redox-flow batteries.

The invention provides a probabilistic load flow calculation method for calculating variable correlation. The method includes the steps: (1) acquiring conventional load flow calculation data and performing certainty load flow calculation; (2) gaining a calculation model for the influence of PV (photovoltaic) node and PQ (performance qualification) node power injection change on node voltage; (3) representing abnormally distributed random variables by normally distributed polynomials; (4) switching the related random variables into unrelated random variables by Cholesky decomposition; (5) performing probabilistic load flow calculation for the variables. Calculation speed is increased while calculation precision is ensured, the method is applicable to analysis, safety assessment and the like for large-scale intermittent energy grid-connected complicated power grid system, and the new energy acceptance capacity of an electric power system can be improved.

In a vehicle energy management device, a travel route calculator calculates a travel route of a vehicle, and an energy consumption-related information obtaining unit obtains energy consumption-related information along the travel route. An energy consumption amount computing unit calculates, based on the energy consumption-related information, an estimated value of an energy consumption amount by vehicle devices (required travel energy amount) when the vehicle travels along the travel route. A control plan preparing unit prepares a control plan for the vehicle devices based on the required travel energy amount. A feedback control unit performs feedback control of the vehicle devices to reduce a difference between the estimated value and an actual measured value of the energy consumption amount by the vehicle devices.