The invention discloses a method for inverting surface soil physical parameters through passive
microwave remote sensing. The method comprises the steps as follows: step one,
brightness temperature data and MPDIes (
microwave polarization difference indexes) of an AMSR-E passive
microwave remote sensing brightness temperature image are acquired by a launched
satellite-borne passive
microwave remote sensing meter AMSR-E; step two, a relationship of
smooth surface reflectance, surface soil roughness parameters, MPDIes and
vegetation optical thickness is acquired through deduction; step three, surface
soil humidity mv and soil roughness h are calculated; and step four, the surface
soil temperature TS is calculated. The method is based on a simplified passive microwave
radiation transfer equation and combined with the MPDIes, a Q / H surface soil roughness model, a
vegetation optical thickness model, a Fresnel equation and the like, so that a physical inversion model for the surface soil
determinant attribute parameters including the
soil temperature, the surface
soil temperature and the soil roughness is constructed; and the method can be used for inverting the surface soil temperature,
soil humidity and
surface roughness distribution of China and even the global region and has important scientific significance.