211 results about "Sea surface temperature" patented technology

Body temperature measurements are obtained by scanning a thermal radiation sensor across the side of the forehead over the temporal artery. A peak temperature measurement is processed to compute an internal temperature of the body as a function of ambient temperature and the sensed surface temperature. The function includes a weighted difference of surface temperature and ambient temperature, the weighting being varied with target temperature through a minimum in the range of 96° F. and 100° F. The radiation sensor views the target surface through an emissivity compensating cup which is spaced from the skin by a circular lip of low thermal conductivity.

A passive microwave thermography apparatus uses passive microwave antennas designed for operation, for example, at WARC protected frequencies of 1.400 to 1.427 GHz and 2.690 to 2.70 GHz (for core body gradient temperature measurement) and 10.68 to 10.700 GHz or higher microwave frequency (for surface body gradient temperature measurement) and a related directional antenna or antenna array to measure microwave radiation emanating from an animal, especially, a human body. The antennae may be radially directed toward a point within or on the surface of a human body for comparison with known temperature distribution data for that point and a given ambient temperature. Each frequency band may provide a plurality of adjacent noise measuring channels for measuring microwave noise naturally emitted by the human body. The apparatus measures short-term changes in, for example, core and body surface temperatures to establish a basal metabolic rate. Changes in core body temperature may be stimulated by the administration of food or certain organic and drug-related substances or stress to induce a change in basal metabolic rate over time. These changes correlate directly with a human subject's metabolism rate at rest and under certain dietary constraints and can be used to determine courses of treatment for obesity, metabolic disease, and other disorders. The apparatus can also be used to remotely monitor patients and subjects without physical contact.

The hurricane prevention system and method for use in ocean water is provided including a buoyant platform on which is disposed a wind-driven power source, a water-moving system, and a water-dispersing system. The wind-driven power source is configured to use wind energy to power the water-moving system, which is configured to transport water from somewhat deeper ocean water levels to, or near, the level of the ocean. The water-dispersing system is preferably configured to disperse the water from the water-moving system to an area at or near the sea surface. The buoyant platform preferably is anchored by a mooring system. The hurricane prevention system and method is designed to bring cooler water from deeper in the ocean to or near the ocean surface and to disperse that cooler water in that area to reduce the sea surface temperature, thereby preventing or inhibiting the formation of hurricanes.

The invention discloses an environmental satellite 1-based surface temperature single-window inversion method. The method comprises the following steps of: 1, acquiring remote sensing data of an environmental satellite 1B, namely an HJ-1B satellite, of the surface of a region to be tested, preprocessing the remote sensing data to acquire image data and converting a pixel brightness digital number (DN) value of the image data into radiance; 2, performing atmospheric correction on the image data by using an image-based continental offshore stratigraphic test (COST) atmospheric correction model; 3, estimating emissivity epsilon of the surface of the region to be tested by a normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) threshold method; and 4, inverting the surface temperature by a single-window algorithm according to calculation results obtained in the steps 1 to 3. In the method, the image-based COST model atmospheric correction method and the surface temperature single-window algorithm with no need of an atmospheric water vapor content parameter are applied to the HJ-1B satellite remote sensing data, so that the inversion of the surface temperature is realized.

A wearable outfit comprising nano-sensors for continuous physiological condition and body temperature monitoring configured with load cells and strain gages for monitoring and measuring the degree of force impacted on an athlete during a hit or collision in a sporting event such as a football game, the strain gages are composed of electrical resistance elements embedded in a micro-fibered material and etched in a silicon substrate and located in a position that is in contact with the body of the wearer. The wearable outfit also enables wireless communication to computer device configured for algorithm and analysis of the detected conditions and for signaling personnel about the severity of an injury or collision through either auditory or visual device. The computer device is configured with algorithms for enabling accurate interpretation of the physiological condition or body surface temperatures of personnel.

The invention discloses a steel mill continuous annealing galvanized sheet chromium-free compound passivator which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 5-20 percent by weight of a main film-forming agent, 0.1-5 percent by weight of a coupling agent, 0.1-0.5 percent by weight of inorganic complex film-forming agent, 0.1-4 percent by weight of silicate, 0.1-0.4 percent of an emulsifying agent, 0.1-0.2 percent of a dispersing agent, 0.1-0.4 percent of a corrosion inhibitor, 0.1-0.3 percent of a protective colloid, 0.1-1 percent of a nanometer sealing agent, 0.1-0.4 percent of phosphate and the balance of water. The steel mill continuous annealing galvanized sheet chromium-free compound passivator disclosed by the invention is uniform in appearance, stabilizes a liquid, has an expiration date of above 90 days, is nontoxic and environment-friendly, and accords with the ROHS (Restriction Of Hazardous Substances) requirement. The steel mill continuous annealing galvanized sheet chromium-free compound passivator is simple in preparation process; a passivated film is uniform in appearance and has certain glossness. A galvanized sheet passivated by using the passivator has the advantages that the corrosion resistance is remarkably improved, the neutral salt mist SST (Sea Surface Temperature) resistant time reaches above 72 hours, the white rust area is less than 5 percent, the blackening resistance delta E is less than 5, the yellowing resistance delta E is less than 3, the alkaline resistance delta E is less than 3, the interlamination resistance R is less than 3 omega/cm, and the conductivity is less than 1 m Omega.

The invention relates to a method for inverting surface temperature and emissivity from remote sensing data ASTER, comprising three steps: step one: a training and testing database is established by utilizing that an atmospherical radiation transmission simulating software carries out positive simulation aiming at the areas and seasons of the 11th, 12th, 13th and 15th thermal infrared wave bands of the obtained thermal sensing data ASTER and an atmospherical model; step two: a neural network is utilized for carrying out repeated training and test to a training and testing data set; step three: inversion calculation is carried out to the ASTER actual image data, and actual earth surface verification and application analysis are carried out. The products obtained by the method have high precision, especially when the surrounding atmospherical changes greatly.

The invention discloses a deep sea multibeam sound ray accurate tracking method. The method mainly comprises the steps of (1) establishing a spatial and temporal variation ocean temperature and salinity field model on the basis of the comprehensive analysis of influence factors of sea surface temperature and salinity and with the integration of marine satellites and Argo buoy multiple-source marine physical hydrological observation data, (2) calculating each beam initial incident angle through analyzing the influence of a ship instantaneous attitude on a beam initial incident angle and considering a ship attitude, (3) calculating a sound speed and an inversion sound speed based on an empirical orthogonal function through the spatial and temporal temperature and salinity field at a sound speed profile no-measured area, obtaining the average value of sound speeds obtained by two methods at a corresponding point as the sound speed of the point, and thus calculating a three-dimensional sound speed profile model, (4) constructing an efficient constant gradient sound ray accurate tracking model, and (5) providing a sound ray tracking precision evaluation method. According to the method, the influence of the ship attitude on the beam initial incident angle is considered, the precision of beam footprint coordinates can be greatly improved.

A portable computing device or microprocessor/storage system including temperature sensors used to collect temperature readings of a breast tissue of a subject. The device would collect data from the sensors at regular time intervals over a period of time. All of the generated temperature data is stored in the portable computing or storage device. The sensors are placed on the greatest areas of interest on the breast, based on where most cancers develop, by using a sensor placeholder. The sensor placeholder would be lobate shaped, with the sensor placeholder aligning with the glandular regions of the breast where cancers are most likely to develop. The temperature data is then analyzed by one or more classifier systems and classified as either suspect or non-suspect tissue.

The invention relates to an automatic northern grassland desertification monitoring device. The automatic northern grassland desertification monitoring device comprises a support and a data acquiring and sending terminal. The bottom end of the support is fixedly installed under the earth's surface, a solar cell panel, a lead storage battery, a horizontal support rod and the data acquiring and sending terminal are installed on the support, and the data acquiring and sending terminal and the storage battery are placed in an airtight waterproof box. An overground air temperature and humidity sensor, an overground CO2 sensor and an air velocity sensor are installed on the horizontal support rod. A total radiation amount sensor, an earth's surface air temperature and humidity sensor, an earth's surface CO2 sensor, an evaporation amount sensor and a rainfall capacity sensor tightly adhere to the earth's surface. A soil moisture temperature sensor is buried under the ground, the sensors and the data acquiring and sending terminal are powered by the lead storage battery, and signal lines of the sensors are connected with the data acquiring and sending terminal through lead wires in the support. The automatic northern grassland desertification monitoring device has the advantages of being simple in structure, convenient to operate and capable of adapting to a working environment of a northern grassland and achieving real-time and long-term measurement work.

The invention discloses a regional earth surface sensible heat/latent heat flux inversion method based on remote sensing data. The method comprises the following steps that a research area and the remote sensing data are determined; remote sensing earth surface and regional meteorological parameters are prepared according to the remote sensing data, wherein the remote sensing earth surface parameters comprise a normalized difference vegetation index NDVI, vegetation coverage f, albedo, earth surface emissivity Emiss, earth surface temperature Ts and a leaf area index LAI, and the regional meteorological parameters comprise air temperature Ta and relative humidity RH; net radiation flux Rn inversion is conducted according to the remote sensing earth surface and regional meteorological parameters; soil heat flux G inversion is conducted according to the leaf area index LAI, the air temperature Ta and net radiation flux Rn; radiation-convection impedance rae inversion is conducted according to theoretical two-dimensional space of the net radiation flux Rn, soil heat flux G, the vegetation coverage f and the earth surface temperature Ts and a temperature profile equation estimated through sensible heat flux; regional earth surface sensible heat H/latent heat LE flux inversion is achieved according to radiation-convection impedance rae.

The invention relates to the field of animal breeding and animal medicine, and provides a method and a device for measuring the core body temperature of livestock. According to the measuring method, in accordance with a physiological structure of the measured livestock, a temperature sensor is coupled with the body surface close to the core body temperature, a heat flux conduction formula is utilized, the temperature gradient of artificial materials can be calculated through heat resistance, the heat resistance of a measured position of body tissues is derived, and the core body temperature is deduced in an inversion way through the measured body surface temperature. Before the long-time use, the correction is carried out through measured values of the rectal temperature. The device comprises a heat transfer layer, an outside heat insulation layer and three temperature sensors, wherein the heat conductivity and the thickness of the heat transfer layer are known, the temperature measuring parameters of the three temperature sensors are very close through tests, and the temperature sensors are used for respectively measuring the surface temperature of the skin coupling position, the surface temperature outside the heat transfer layer and the surface temperature outside the heat insulation layer. When the method and the device provided by the invention are used, the long-period, continuous and dynamic core body temperature measurement on the livestock can be realized.

The invention discloses a quick drought index monitoring method based on a land surface temperature and vegetation index feature space. The method specifically comprises the following steps: remotely sensing land surface temperature and vegetation index of a monitored area by utilizing a satellite; taking prior information as a determination condition, and preprocessing the data of the satellite; constructing a feature space based on the preprocessed land surface temperature and normalized vegetation index satellite data; fitting out wet sides and dry sides of the feature space by the feature space; obtaining the intercept of the wet sides and the dry sides, the slopes of the wet sides and the dry sides and the like by the wet sides and the dry sides of the feature space; obtaining a temperature vegetation drought index according to each feature space parameter, the land surface temperature and the normalized vegetation index satellite data; obtaining the water content of land surface soil according to the temperature vegetation drought index, and finally performing drought monitoring. According to the method, the problems that the dry sides and the wet sides in the conventional feature space method are instable, variable difference is magnified excessively, and even an error phenomenon that the numerical values of the obtained parameters exceed the due physical meaning range of the parameters appears are solved.

The invention provides a deep water well shed holothurians breeding method, and is characterized in that (1) fry stocking: the fry specification is 3-5cm, the stocking density in the prophase of the breeding is 40-60 heads per m2, and the fry is required to be sanitized before stocking; (2) breeding managing: a deep water well shed whose sea water temperature is 12-17 DEG C and whose salinity is not less than 25 per thousand is selected, slight flow raising method is adopted during the growth period, the daily flux is 1-3 times of the raising water, and air charging breeding is adopted when the water flows; sea mud, tail algae powder, and kelp power and auxiliary forage are fed 1-2 times every day, and the feeding amount is 1-5 percent of the weight of the holothurians. Taking full use of the establishment of the existing deep water well shed, breeding the holothurians effectively and healthily, the invention is easy to be operated and managed, and the invention can save energy and lower the consumption, can save water and reduce pollution, and can reduce the breeding period, as well as improve the breeding efficiency greatly.

The invention, which belongs to the battery thermal management system technology field, relates to an artificial neural network-based highest surface temperature prediction method of a secondary battery. A secondary battery is placed in a high and low temperature test box and a charge and discharge testing machine is connected; the battery is discharged and then charging is carried out; a changing situation of highest surface temperatures of the battery during the charging process is monitored; input, output, the neuron number, the number of layers, a transfer function, and a training algorithm of a Back-Propagation neural network model are set so as to complete construction of the model; those data are used for model training, so that the model can be applied to prediction; and highest surface temperatures of the battery during charging processes under other environmental temperatures can be predicted by the model. According to the invention, the above-mentioned model can be applied simply; parameters are easy to control; and results have practical values; because highest surface temperatures of the battery during working processes under different environmental temperatures can be predicted, guarantees are provided for effective work of a battery thermal management system and safety of the battery.

The invention discloses a remote-sensing-based method for estimating influences of area vegetation cover on the earth surface air temperature, and relates to a method for simulating the influences of area vegetation cover on the earth surface air temperature. The method aims at solving the problem that existing research related to the feedback of vegetation to climate can not be combined with changes of vegetation cover along with time, and includes the steps of 1, obtaining data of a cover research area, and carrying out preprocessing; 2, extracting the distribution of a certain vegetation type without land use changes within a research time period; 3, achieving anomaly processing of data of earth-surface air temperature observing lattice points; 4, obtaining OMR air temperature values of the lattice points; 5, rasterizing OMR air temperature data; 6, calculating pixel NDVI change trend values and pixel OMR air temperature change trend values; 7, extracting NDVI annual average values, the NDVI change trend values and the OMR air temperature change trend values of all pixels within the whole research time period; 8, building an OMR air temperature forecasting model. The remote-sensing-based method is applied to the field of eco-climate researching.

The invention provides a land surface temperature-vegetation index feature space dry and wet limit selecting method and device. The method includes the steps of firstly, determining the size of a research area, and performing pretreatments such as projection conversion, resampling and cutting on satellite remote sensing image data; secondly, removing image metadata influenced by cloud and terrain; thirdly, using the rest image metadata to build a land surface temperature-vegetation index two-dimensional scatter diagram feature space; fourthly, sampling the highest land surface temperature corresponding to different vegetation index conditions obtained in the third step; fifthly, linear fitting the highest land surface temperature and vegetation indexes to obtain the dry limit of the feature space through threshold setting and an iteration algorithm; presuming that the wet limit temperature is a constant and equals to the dry limit temperature at the total vegetation cover to obtain the wet limit temperature. By the arrangement, the problems that the current land surface temperature-vegetation index feature space dry and wet limit selecting is high in subjective randomness and uncertainty, and the like are solved.

The invention discloses an LSTM-based seam surface temperature prediction method. The method comprises the following steps of: generating a prediction model and forecasting a sea surface temperature in a future time frame, wherein the step of generating the prediction model comprises the following sub-steps of: 1) carrying out z-score standardization on history sea surface temperature data in a set longitude and latitude range and generating a corresponding time column, 2) training an LSTM model by utilizing the time column and the z-score standardized history sea surface temperature data so as to obtain an LSTM-based sea surface temperature prediction model, wherein a time step length is 1 (day) and an input dimensionality is 1; and the step of forecasting the sea surface temperature in the future time frame comprises the following sub-steps of: inputting the z-score standardized intraday sea surface temperature data into a forecasting model, setting a prediction step number to obtainan output result of the future time frame, and carrying out reverse z-score standardization on the output result to obtain a sea surface temperature predicted value, wherein an output dimensionalityis 1. The method is capable of mining long and short time dependency relationships between data, is more suitable for learning long periodic change laws of sea surface temperatures, and is capable ofobtaining relatively good prediction results.

A passive microwave thermography apparatus uses passive microwave antennas designed for operation, for example, at WARC protected frequencies of 1.400 to 1.427 GHz and 2.690 to 2.70 GHz (for core body gradient temperature measurement) and 10.68 to 10.700 GHz or higher microwave frequency (for surface body gradient temperature measurement) and a related directional antenna or antenna array to measure microwave radiation emanating from an animal, especially, a human body. The antennae may be radially directed toward a point within or on the surface of a human body for comparison with known temperature distribution data for that point and a given ambient temperature. Each frequency band may provide a plurality of adjacent noise measuring channels for measuring microwave noise naturally emitted by the human body. The apparatus measures short-term changes in, for example, core and body surface temperatures to establish a basal metabolic rate. Changes in core body temperature may be stimulated by the administration of food or certain organic and drug-related substances or stress to induce a change in basal metabolic rate over time. These changes correlate directly with a human subject's metabolism rate at rest and under certain dietary constraints and can be used to determine courses of treatment for obesity, metabolic disease, and other disorders. The apparatus can also be used to remotely monitor patients and subjects without physical contact.

High sea surface temperatures (SST) are a major factor in the formation and maintenance of tropical cyclones. Global warming has contributed to a rise in SSTs causing an increase in tropical cyclone formation. This increase in SSTs in the Atlantic basin is attributed to failing of the ThemoHaline Currents (THC) that provides warm ocean waters to Europe. Should the THC fail, it is estimated that Europe would be plunged into a 200-400 year ice age. The invention described herein uses OTEC or similar technology to pump cold ocean water to the surface, reducing SSTs limiting the formation and growth of tropical cyclones. Additional benefits would include strengthening of the THC as well as providing a stop-gap solution for global warming while more responsible manufacturing and industrial methods are designed and implemented. With limited additions to the OTEC platform other benefits can be derived including but not limited to mariculture, algaeculture, biodiesel and ethanol production, and carbon sequestration.

The invention discloses a method for measuring the surface temperature of a probe of an ultrasonic diagnostic device, which relates to the technical field of medical ultrasonic diagnostic devices. Thedevice uses the measured values of a single temperature sensor, and the technology based on the cross-correlation signal processing algorithm is utilized for carrying out accurate estimation on the environmental temperature, thereby calculating the surface temperature of the probe. Compared with the prior technology for measuring the surface temperature of the probe, the method can utilize the historical temperature records of the temperature sensor for carrying out analysis, thereby obtaining the estimated value of the environmental temperature; and the estimated value is obtained by carrying out the calculation and the analysis on the current on-site measurement data of a patient, so that the precision is much higher than that of the practice of assuming the environmental temperature inadvance. In addition, the method only needs to use one temperature sensor, thereby greatly reducing the assembly difficulty of the probe, the complexity of an internal circuit and the whole cost of asystem.

The invention relates to a processing method for detecting clouds on sea by polar orbit meteorological satellite visible and infrared radiometer (VIRR), which belongs to the field of meteorological remote sensing technology. According to the processing method, firstly first-grade observation data of the polar orbit meteorological satellite visible and infrared radiometer (VIRR) after positioning and scaling and corresponding sea-and-land template information are identified, thereby obtaining sea observation data; for sea image elements, information such as split window brightness temperature, brightness temperature difference, satellite zenith angle and sea temperature regression coefficient is used for performing sea surface temperature inversion; according to the characteristic of the VIRR instrument, statistical analysis is performed based on a matching data set of a long time sequence, and a temperature threshold is set; when the observed brightness temperature and the inversed sea temperature or the inversed sea temperature and the climatic sea temperature of the sea image element exceed a preset threshold, a fact that the sea image element is the image element with a cloud is determined. Compared with the prior art, the temperature threshold is set by means of the clinic change rule of the sea surface temperature and long-time sequence statistical information of the satellite detecting instrument VIRR; quantitative calculation or judgment for cloudy or sunny is performed on a target; and accuracy for detecting the clouds on the sea is improved.

The invention discloses a drought index construction method based on passive microwave remote sensing. The method comprises the specific steps that an inter-diurnal mask and an inter-monthly mask are constructed, and influences of mixed pixels of edges of a glacier, a snow cover and a water body on AMSR-E data during temperature retrieval are eliminated; a land surface temperature retrieval model is constructed through 10.8GHHz and 89.0GHz vertical polarization channel Tb of AMSR-E and used for performing retrieval on land surface temperature, wherein Tb is brightness temperature data of passive microwave remote sensing; a microwave normalized difference vegetation index model is constructed based on a microwave polarization difference index (MPDI); a dry edge equation and a wet edge equation of an MTVDI model are constructed based on the established land surface temperature retrieval model and vegetation index model; and the MTVDI model is established to simulate and monitor drought throughout the country month by month. The method has the advantages that the defect that visible light/near-infrared remote sensing is liable to influences of meteorological conditions is effectively overcome, and a great improvement is made to a TVDI model.

The invention relates to an SST inversion method and system based on Landsat 8 data. The method comprises that Landsat 8 optical and thermal-infrared remote sensing images and corresponding atmospheric contour data are read; on the basis of water-body and seawater emissivity data and a spectral response function of a Landsat 8 TIRS (Thermal Infrared Sensor), the atmospheric contour is used for driving, and channel brightness temperatures in the aerosphere top of two channels of the TIRS under different combined conditions of atmospheric conditions, SSTs and emissivities are simulated; and the obtained total atmospheric column water vapor content is used to divide the atmospheric column water vapor content into intervals, a split-window algorithm is used to construct SST inversion algorithms of the different water vapor content intervals, the SST is calculated, and a result is output. The system comprises a remote-sensing image reading module, an atmospheric water vapor data reading data, a data processing module and an SST inversion module. The system and method can be used to obtain high-precision SST.