1006 results about "Polymer architecture" patented technology

The personal care compositions of the present invention are in the form of an Article comprising a dissolvable fibrous web structure. The fibers of the dissolvable fibrous web structure comprise a surfactant; a water soluble polymeric structurant; and a plasticizer. Additionally the ratio of the water soluble water soluble polymeric structurant to the active agent in the fiber is 3.5 or less.

Embodiments disclosed herein include a resin composition comprising two or more different kinds of thermosetting resins, wherein at least one of the two or more different kinds of the thermosetting resins is a multifunctional resin, and a core-shell particle having a core and a shell, wherein a composition of the core is different from a composition of the shell and the composition of the shell has a branched polymer structure comprising at least one main chain and at least one side chain, the main chain or the side chain containing at least one functional group that reacts with the thermosetting resin, a method of manufacturing the resin composition, and a composite comprising a reinforcing fiber and the resin composition.

A polymer is directed from a source electrode into an electric field that drives the formation of electrospun fibers that are deposited onto a collecting surface to thereby form a patterned polymer structure. The collecting surface can be a counterelectrode or a collecting surface that is between the source electrode and a counterelectrode. Apparatus employed to conduct the method include an electrospinning source that directs polymer into an electric field formed by source and counterelectrodes. A collecting surface, such as the counterelectrode or a surface interposed between the source and counterelectrodes, collects electrospun fibers. Articles of manufacture formed by the method of apparatus include, for example, a structure of patterned electrospun fibers comprising multiple aggregations of polymeric electrospun fibers.

A tape data carrier for protecting articles and documents from counterfeiting and copying is formed by a polymer structure including at least one polymer layer of which at least one layer has at least one of through-perforations and pits. These through-perforations and pits are preferably between 0.001 mum and 20 mum in size and can be filled with different materials. The data carriers can carry concealed and visible macro-and micro- images created by heavy-ion bombardment of the polymer film, subsequent exposure of the bombarded film to ultraviolet radiation, and etching of the polymer film in a solvent. A device for manufacturing a data carrier of this type includes the following elements configured in series: a heavy ion source; a heavy ion beam-formation system; an ion guide; a three-dimensional amplitude modulation unit; and a target which is destined to become the data carrier. The three-dimensional amplitude modulation unit is designed to hold a matrix of wafers and is connected to a drive for rotating and translating the wafers. The drive is connected via a control unit to the three-dimensional amplitude modulation unit for positioning the target.

Connective tissue, including neo-tendons and ligaments, has been constructed using biodegradable synthetic scaffolds seeded with tenocytes. The scaffolds are preferably formed from biodegradable fibers formed of a polymer such as polyglycolic acid-polylactic acid copolymers, and seeded with cells isolated from autologous tendon or ligament by means of enzymatic digestion or direct seeding into tissue culture dishes from explants. The cell polymer constructs are then surgically transplanted to replace missing segments of functioning tendon or ligament.

The present invention generally provides improved methods of fabricating polymeric microfluidic devices that incorporate microscale fluidic structures, whereby the fabrication process does not substantially distort or deform such structures. The methods of the invention generally provide enhanced bonding processes for mating and bonding substrate layers to define the microscale channel networks therebetween.

Composite webs having one or more polymeric structures located on a substrate, closure systems comprising composite webs, and methods of attaching articles are disclosed. The polymeric structures are formed using thermoplastic compositions and are attached to a surface of a substrate. The polymeric structures include an area that is attached to the substrate and a detached area that is not attached to a surface of a substrate.

System-in packages, or multichip modules, are described which can include multi-layer chips in a multi-layer polymer structure, on-chip metal bumps on the multi-layer chips, intra-chip metal bumps in the multi-layer polymer structure, and patterned metal layers in the multi-layer polymer structure. The multi-layer chips in the multi-layer polymer structure can be connected to each other or to an external circuit through the on-chip metal bumps, the intra-chip metal bumps and the patterned metal layers. The system-in packages can be connected to external circuits through solder bumps, meal bumps or wirebonded wires.

The present invention includes photovoltaic devices and photovoltaic roofing elements comprising a photovoltaic element having an active face and an operating wavelength range; a polymer structure having (a) a bottom surface disposed on the active face of the photovoltaic element and (b) a top surface; and a plurality of granules disposed on the top surface of the polymer structure. Roofs including the photovoltaic devices and photovoltaic roofing elements of the present invention may be configured to have an aesthetically desirable appearance while retaining high photovoltaic efficiency.

A non-lathering personal care article in the form of a porous dissolvable solid structure, comprising: from about 0% to about 10% ionic surfactant; from about 1% to about 60% of a non-surfactant cosmetic active; from about 15% to about 70% polymeric structurant, wherein the polymeric structurant has a weighted average molecular weight of from about 40,000 to about 500,000; and from about 1% to about 30% plasticizer. The article has a density of from about 0.03 g / cm3 to about 0.15 g / cm3.

The invention relates generally to pyrimidines and triazines ultraviolet light absorbers containing a phenolic aromatic group(s) and a non-phenolic aromatic group(s) and the use thereof to protect against degradation by environmental forces, inclusive of ultraviolet light, actinic radiation, oxidation, moisture, atmospheric pollutants, and combinations thereof. The new class of pyrimidines and triazines includes two (one) non-phenolic aromatic groups with hydrocarbyl groups that are ortho to each other and one (two) resorcinol or substituted resorcinol group attached to a triazine or pyrimidine ring. The pyrimidines and triazines may be included in a polymeric structure. A method for stabilizing a material by incorporating the novel pyrimidines and triazines is also disclosed.

Cationic polymerization of mono and polyfunctional benzoxazine monomers is described. The chemical structure of the polymers from cationic polymerization of benzoxazine monomers has been identified and distinguished from thermally polymerized products from the same monomers. The controllable microstructure of the polymers from benzoxazines prepared by cationic polymerization offers opportunities to prepare and optimize the polymer structure for specific applications.

System-in packages, or multichip modules, are described which can include multi-layer chips in a multi-layer polymer structure, on-chip metal bumps on the multi-layer chips, intra-chip metal bumps in the multi-layer polymer structure, and patterned metal layers in the multi-layer polymer structure. The multi-layer chips in the multi-layer polymer structure can be connected to each other or to an external circuit through the on-chip metal bumps, the intra-chip metal bumps and the patterned metal layers. The system-in packages can be connected to external circuits through solder bumps, meal bumps or wirebonded wires.

Microcellular thermoplastic elastomeric polymeric structures are provided. The articles have an average cell size of less than 100 mum and a compression set ranging from less than about 30% to less than about 5%, and a rebound value of at least 50%. The articles may be formed from a thermoplastic elastomeric olefin, preferably metallocene-catalyzed polyethylene. The density of the articles ranges from less than 0.5 gm / cm3 to less than 0.3 gm / cm3.

Embodiments provide a composite material with oriented nanotubes and a method for making the composite material. The composite material can be formed by distributing a plurality of nanotubes in a polymer matrix. The nanotubes can be further magnetically oriented during the formation of the polymeric matrix, while the polymer matrix is magnetically annealed. The composite material can provide enhanced mechanical and electrical properties, and effective radiation resistance against high-energy ionizing radiation particles and / or electromagnetic interferences. The composite material can be useful for lightweight armors incorporated into vehicles, aircrafts or personnel protection with high ballistic properties, and efficient dissipation of radiation energies, photovoltaic cells with improved polymer solar cell efficiency, improved light emitting diodes (LEDs) with controllable optical properties, or infrared screening devices with increased extinction coefficient.

A method for functionalizing the wall of single-wall or multi-wall carbon nanotubes involves the use of acyl peroxides to generate carbon-centered free radicals. The method allows for the chemical attachment of a variety of functional groups to the wall or end cap of carbon nanotubes through covalent carbon bonds without destroying the wall or endcap structure of the nanotube. Carbon-centered radicals generated from acyl peroxides can have terminal functional groups that provide sites for further reaction with other compounds. Organic groups with terminal carboxylic acid functionality can be converted to an acyl chloride and further reacted with an amine to form an amide or with a diamine to form an amide with terminal amine. The reactive functional groups attached to the nanotubes provide improved solvent dispersibility and provide reaction sites for monomers for incorporation in polymer structures. The nanotubes can also be functionalized by generating free radicals from organic sulfoxides.

Chemically or biochemically active agents or other species are patterned on a substrate surface by providing a micromold having a contoured surface and forming, on a substrate surface, a chemically or biochemically active agent or fluid precursor of a structure. A chemically or biochemically active agent or fluid precursor also can be transferred from indentations in an applicator to a substrate surface. The substrate surface can be planar or non-planar. Fluid precursors of polymeric structures, inorganic ceramics and salts, and the like can be used to form patterned polymeric articles, inorganic salts and ceramics, reactive ion etch masks, etc. at the surface. The articles can be formed in a pattern including a portion having a lateral dimension of less than about 1 millimeter or smaller. The indentation pattern of the applicator can be used to transfer separate, distinct chemically or biochemically active agents or fluid precursors to separate, isolated regions of a substrate surface. Waveguide arrays, combinatorial chemical or biochemical libraris, etc. can be made. Differences in refractive index of waveguide and cladding can be created by subjecting the waveguide and cladding, made of indentical prepolymeric material, to different polymerization or cross-linking conditions. Interferometers are defined by coupling arrays of waveguides, where coupling can be controlled by altering the difference in refractive index between cladding and waveguide at any desired location of the array. Alteration and refractive index can be created photochemically, chemically, or the like. Sensors also are disclosed, including biochemical sensors.

Photographically useful materials are disclosed comprising a hyperbranched polymer segment and multiple pendant photographically useful groups. Such materials may be prepared by forming an active hyperbranched polymer segment with multiple functionalized end group sites, and reacting the active hyperbranched polymer segment with an active compound comprising a photographically useful group to form a hyperbranched polymer ended with photographically useful groups. The hyperbranched segment may comprise any kind of polymer segment with hyperbranched architecture, and the active end groups may comprise any kind of reactive site. The active hyperbranched polymer may comprise any kind of other functional groups which are located in either backbone or the ends. The hyperbranched polymers containing photographically useful groups obtained in accordance with the invention are particularly advantageous in that they enable polymer structures comprising components exhibiting different photographically useful properties, while maintaining relatively low intrinsic viscosities compared to non-hyperbranched polymers containing photographically useful groups of similar chemical compositions. Additionally, the hyperbranched polymers are advantageous with respect to dendrimer type polymers in that a wide variety of hyperbranched polymer compositions may be synthesized in accordance with commercially acceptable processes.

A non-woven polymeric matrix for separating leukocytes from a blood sample includes a non-woven three dimensional matrix formed from polymeric fibers having a predetermined pore volume fraction including a defined channel configuration, a predetermined pore size in the range of from about 10 μm to about 250 μm, and a plurality of connections between the plurality of fibers. The matrix is configured so as to remove at least about 98% of leukocytes from at least one unit of packed red blood cells. Methods of making and using the matrix are also provided.

The present invention relates to water-absorbing polymer structures, whose surface has been brought into contact with a compound comprising a polycation and at least one anion. The invention further relates to a process for treating the surface of water-absorbing polymer structures, the surface-treated water-absorbing polymer structures obtainable by this process, a composite comprising a surface-treated, water-absorbing polymer structure as well as a substrate, a process for production of a composite, the composite obtainable by this process, chemical products such as foams, formed bodies, and fibers comprising surface-treated water-absorbing polymer structures or a composite, the use of surface-treated, water-absorbing polymer structures or of a composite in chemical products as well as the use of compounds comprising a polycation with a given structure for the treatment of the surface of water-absorbing polymer structures.

An electrolytic capacitor comprising a plurality of polymeric structures molded about the periphery of the anode pellet is described. The polymeric structures contact between a weld strap surrounding the butt seam between mating “clamshell” casing portions and the anode pellet sidewall. That way, the anode pellet is restrained from moving along both an x- and y-axes inside the casing. Having the cathode active material contacting the opposed major casing sidewalls being in a closely spaced relationship with the anode pellet through an intermediate separator prevents movement along the z-axis. The resulting capacitor is particularly well suited for use in high shock and vibration conditions.

A process for producing an absorbent polymer structure (Pa) by treating the outer portion of an untreated absorbent polymer structure (Pu1). The process includes the step of bringing the outer portion of the untreated absorbent polymer structure (Pu1) into contact with an aqueous solution including at least one chemical cross-linker and at least one inorganic compound in dispersed colloidal form. The process also includes the step of heating the absorbent polymer structure, of which the outer portion has been brought into contact with the aqueous solution, at a temperature within a range from about 40 to about 300° C., so that the outer portion of the absorbent polymer structure is more strongly cross-linked in comparison to the inner portion and the inorganic compound is at least partly immobilized in the outer portion of the absorbent polymer structure.

This invention includes a method of producing a thin, oriented layer of polymer material. The material is preferably produced by the method of introducing a shearing flow to a free surface in a predominantly monomeric solution of the self-assembling polymer sub-units, and inducing polymerization or growth of the monomer while in this shearing flow. The system for forming the oriented layer of material provides relative movement between a delivery system and the substrate on or over which the material is deposited. The rate of flow of the material from the delivery system and the relative velocity between the deposition surface and the material as it is delivered to the surface are controlled to properly orient the material at the desired thickness. These rates can be adjusted to vary the properties of the film in a controlled manner. Preferred embodiments include either angular or linear relative movement between the delivery system and the substrate.

Disclosed herein are vaso-occlusive devices for forming occluding the vasculature of a patient. More particularly, disclosed herein are vaso-occlusive devices comprising at least one polymer structure and methods of making and using these devices.

The invention is to methods of deploying polymeric biodegradable or non biodegradable stents by use of stepwise creases in the pressure placed upon the inner diameter of the stent to slowly increase the stent diameter. In one embodiment, the pressure on the interior stent diameter is slowly increased. The stent is allowed to acclimate to this diameter for a set period of time, and then the pressure is again increased. This series of steps continues until the stent reaches its final diameter and a final period of acclimatization is maintained prior to the removal of the deployment / delivery device.

This invention relates generally to synthetic procedures that include the step of ring-opening metathesis of cyclic olefins and reaction with an acyclic diene co-reactant to produce regularly repeating A,B-alternating olefin polymers. The A,B-alternating polymers are produced by varying reaction conditions and / or reactant proportions and using only two types of olefin metathesis (ring-opening and cross) to provide regularly repeating ABAB . . . etc. polymers via ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). More particularly, the invention pertains to synthesis of A,B-alternating olefin polymers via olefin metathesis reactions using a Group 8 transition metal complex as the metathesis catalyst. Polymers provided herein have utility in a variety of fields, including not only polymer chemistry per se, but also in the pharmaceutical, biomedical, and packaging industries where the structure and properties of polymers need to be tightly controlled.