51 results about "Polynomial representations of cyclic redundancy checks" patented technology

Methods and apparatuses for still image compression, video compression and automatic target recognition are disclosed. The method of still image compression uses isomorphic singular manifold projection whereby surfaces of objects having singular manifold representations are represented by best match canonical polynomials to arrive at a model representation. The model representation is compared with the original representation to arrive at a difference. If the difference exceeds a predetermined threshold, the difference data are saved and compressed using standard lossy compression. The coefficients from the best match polynomial together with the difference data, if any, are then compressed using lossless compression. The method of motion estimation for enhanced video compression sends I frames on an "as-needed" basis, based on comparing the error between segments of a current frame and a predicted frame. If the error exceeds a predetermined threshold, which can be based on program content, the next frame sent will be an I frame. The method of automatic target recognition (ATR) including tracking, zooming, and image enhancement, uses isomorphic singular manifold projection to separate texture and sculpture portions of an image. Soft ATR is then used on the sculptured portion and hard ATR is used on the texture portion.

A semiconductor device analyzer has a substrate model reading module, a Y-matrix entry module, a discriminating module, a matrix reduction module, and an output format discriminating module. The substrate model reading module reads a substrate network model of three-dimensional meshes representing the substrate of a semiconductor device. The substrate network model is a network of resistive and capacitive elements and is used for the simulation and analysis of the semiconductor substrate. The Y-matrix entry module prepares a Y-matrix from the substrate network model, each element of the Y-matrix being expressed with a polynomial of differential operator "s". The discriminating module discriminates internal nodes to be eliminated from external nodes to be left among the nodes of the substrate network model. The matrix reduction module eliminates the internal nodes, thereby reducing the Y-matrix. The output format determining module determines an output format for an operation result.

A method for adapting acoustic models used for automatic speech recognition is provided. The method includes estimating noise in a portion of a speech signal, determining a first estimated variance scaling vector using an estimated 2-order polynomial and the noise estimation, wherein the estimated 2-order polynomial represents a priori knowledge of a dependency of a variance scaling vector on noise, determining a second estimated variance scaling vector using statistics from prior portions of the speech signal, determining a variance scaling factor using the first estimated variance scaling vector and the second estimated variance scaling vector, and using the variance scaling factor to adapt an acoustic model.

A polynomial representation (b_i(x)) in an AES finite field

of input bytes (b_i) of a state matrix (B) is obtained. A plurality (1) of irreducible polynomials (f_i(y)) and a moving map (ψ_i) are used to map each polynomial (b_i(x)) of the polynomial representation into a respective field of polynomials

computed with respect to one of the irreducible polynomials (f_i(y)), to obtain respective moved polynomials (α_i(y)). The moved polynomials (α_i(y)) are mapped into a polynomial (a(z)) of a polynomial ring

obtained by applying an isomorphism (ω) between the fields of polynomials

and the polynomial ring

based upon the Chinese remainder theorem (CRT). AES encryption is applied to the polynomial (a(z)). The polynomial (a(z)) is reconverted into the AES finite field

to obtain an encrypted state matrix (CB).

A method performs scalar multiplication of points on an elliptic curve by a finite expandable field K of a first field F_p of a p>3 characteristic, wherein said characteristic p has low Hamming weight and the expandable field has a polynomF(X)+X^d−2 of order d in the polynomial representation thereof.

The invention discloses an orbital uncertainty analysis method based on differential algebra technology. Based on Taylor expansion of multivariate functions and polynomial operation framework, and based on the dynamic model of geosynchronous satellite orbit element description, solar pressure to the kinetic model, the third gravitational perturbation and the three perturbation terms of the Earth'soblateness are added in the dynamic model , the right term of the dynamic model is expanded along the nominal orbit by Taylor expansion, the expansion polynomial with initial deviation as variable isobtained, Under the frame of differential algebra, the orbital state expressed by the polynomial with the initial deviation as variable at any time is obtained, and the concrete value of the initialdeviation is brought into the polynomial result to obtain the state of the final spacecraft. The invention analyzes the optimal expansion order, the balance calculation time and the calculation precision according to different perturbation forces. The method can be used to analyze the orbit evolution of geostationary satellites with initial state deviation and parameter uncertainty, and can also be used in other spacecraft orbit evolution and attitude evolution missions.

The invention relates to a satellite image system error correction method based on bias matrix with a time factor. The problem of system error correction comes down to the solution of two bias angles of a camera going around a satellite body, aiming at linear variation rules of the geometric positioning error of an image in a certain in-orbit testing period, a first order polynomial with the time factor is used for expressing the bias angles, the first order polynomial is solved based on the selected sample images and the error compensation of a plurality of automatically extracted control points, and thereby the bias matrix of any satellite images in the period is obtained and is substituted in a co-linearity condition equation to realize the effective compensation and the correction of the geometric positioning system error. According to the in-orbit testing results, the method is simple and feasible, the system errors changing with time can be effectively eliminated and the long-term stability of the precision of the system geometrically corrected product is kept.

Implementations of Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) encryption and decryption processes are disclosed. In one embodiment of S-box processing, a block of 16 byte values is converted, each byte value being converted from a polynomial representation in GF(256) to a polynomial representation in GF((2²)⁴). Multiplicative inverse polynomial representations in GF((2²)⁴) are computed for each of the corresponding polynomial representations in GF((2²)⁴). Finally corresponding multiplicative inverse polynomial representations in GF((2²)⁴) are converted and an affine transformation is applied to generate corresponding polynomial representations in GF(256). In an alternative embodiment of S-box processing, powers of the polynomial representations are computed and multiplied together in GF(256) to generate multiplicative inverse polynomial representations in GF(256). In an embodiment of inverse-columns-mixing, the 16 byte values are converted from a polynomial representation in GF(256) to a polynomial representation in GF((2⁴)²). A four-by-four matrix is applied to the transformed polynomial representation in GF((2⁴)²) to implement the inverse-columns-mixing.

The invention provides a probabilistic load flow calculation method for calculating variable correlation. The method includes the steps: (1) acquiring conventional load flow calculation data and performing certainty load flow calculation; (2) gaining a calculation model for the influence of PV (photovoltaic) node and PQ (performance qualification) node power injection change on node voltage; (3) representing abnormally distributed random variables by normally distributed polynomials; (4) switching the related random variables into unrelated random variables by Cholesky decomposition; (5) performing probabilistic load flow calculation for the variables. Calculation speed is increased while calculation precision is ensured, the method is applicable to analysis, safety assessment and the like for large-scale intermittent energy grid-connected complicated power grid system, and the new energy acceptance capacity of an electric power system can be improved.

The invention discloses a privacy protection set intersection calculation method and system based on polynomial representation. According to the intersection calculation method provided by the invention, two participants (a caller B and a responder A) contain the sets of the own attributes and are not acquired by the other party, and the two participants obtain a set intersection through secure multi-party calculation, so that the common attributes of the two parties are acquired. The method specifically comprises the following steps that firstly, a participant and a participant initialize; apolynomial formed by combining the calling party with the random number encrypts the attribute set of the calling party and sends the encrypted attribute set to the responder A; the responder A receives a polynomial formed by the data information and the random numbers, encrypts the data of the two parties of the participant again and sends the data to the responder A; and an intersection set is obtaind through the calculation of two secure parties. The privacy protection set intersection calculation method based on polynomial representation can be used for the multi-party data security communication by utilizing the properties of the polynomial, so that the technical effect of improving the cracking difficulty and safety is achieved.

The invention discloses a method for predicting instantaneous cutting force of milling based on maximum cutting force, aiming at solving the technical problem that an existing instantaneous cutting force prediction method fails to predict the instantaneous cutting force and instantaneous maximum cutting force of milling accurately. The technical scheme includes that the method includes firstly, determining an upper limit and a lower limit of a cutting contact angle and cutting conditions of a jth cutter tooth of a milling cutter, and constructing a prediction equation of the instantaneous cutting force of milling with respect to cutting force parameters; obtaining the maximum cutting force under different cutting conditions through cutting experiments, and solving the cutting force coefficients so as to construct a cubic polynomial of the cutting force coefficients with respect to the cutting parameters; substituting the cubic polynomial of the cutting force coefficients into the prediction equation of the instantaneous cutting force of milling so as to obtain a prediction model of the instantaneous cutting force of milling. The method for predicting the instantaneous cutting force of milling based on the maximum cutting force has the advantage that the cubic polynomial is used for expressing complicated relations of the cutting force coefficients with respect to the cutting parameters, in which the cutting force coefficients are obtained by computing of the maximum instantaneous cutting force through the experiments, so that the instantaneous cutting force and the maximum instantaneous cutting force of milling can be predicted accurately.

In a numerically controlled method of moving an object to be controlled along a predetermined locus, controlling control axes, the locus is made approximate to a spatial polynomial, a polynomial is converted into a polynomial as time function, the polynomial converted as time function is distributed to each control axis, control command in each control axis is produced on the basis of the polynomial distributed to each axis as time function, and the object to be controlled is moved along the locus, controlling each control axis on the basis of the control command. The velocity, the acceleration and the jerk of the object to be controlled can be easily obtained concerning each control axis in advance by differentiating the polynomial expressed by time function. The object to be controlled is controlled so as to move along the locus expressed by the polynomial, feeding irregularity or position shift is reduced and curved face machining at high accuracy is possible.

The present invention relates to a finite field multiplier used for implementing an encrypting algorithm circuit, thereby minimizing power consumption and circuit area in implementing the finite field multiplier with a LFSR (Linear Feedback Shift Register) structure. The Finite field multiplier of the present invention is an operator performing a modular operation on the multiplication result of two data represented on a polynomial basis in a Galois Field into an irreducible polynomial. The LFSR structure is a serial finite field multiplication structure, and has a merit over an array structure and a hybrid structure in application to systems that are limited in size and power due to its simplicity of circuits and also its capability of being implemented in a small size.

In a simulation step of simulating a surface configuration of a substrate which is used for a mask blank and which is set to an exposure apparatus, height information from a reference plane is derived from a plurality of measurement points on a main surface of the substrate. From the height information, a curved surface of fourth, fifth, or sixth order is approximated which is represented by a polynomial specified by a plurality of terms and coefficients of the terms. The coefficients are stored as coefficient information in association with the substrate.

The method establishes coincidence relation of each element between exponent denotation and polynomial denotation. Operation of extension field is carried out according to following steps: inputting operation expression to be carried out Galois operation of extension field; determining types of Galois operation of extension field in operation expression; determining express mode of operand in operation expression; based on the said types, carrying out relevant conversion for express mode of operand according to coincidence relation of elements built through query; carrying out corresponding operation for converted operand; finally, outputting result of Galois operation of extension field. Implementing hybrid operation through two kinds of denotation for Galois element of extension field, the invention raises operational speed for encoding and decoding BCH, and lowers complexity of software for implementing Galois operation of extension field.

The invention relates to an error detection decoding module. The error detection decoding module is used for receiving a received signal vector transmitted by a noise channel, wherein the received signal vector comprises an error vector signal which can be represented by an erasure-locator polynomial. The error detection decoding module comprises a known symptom sign value computing unit, an unknown symptom sign value computing unit and a judgment unit, wherein the known symptom sign value computing unit obtains a target signal vector with a plurality of known symptom sign values according to the received signal vector, and computes the erasure-locator polynomial according to the known symptom sign values; the unknown symptom sign value computing unit computes a plurality of unknown symptom sign values according to the erasure-locator polynomial and the known symptom sign values; and the judgment unit outputs a detection result signal according to a symptom sign set formed by the known and unknown symptom sign values.

The invention discloses a method for implementing a rapid fixed-point operation of nonlinear function in the digital signal processor. When a digital sound video signal is coded by the digital signal processor, the method carries out the fixed-point calculation for the nonlinear function which is included in the digital sound video signal,firstly the nonlinear function is developped according to Taylor formula, and former n items is reserved to produce the approximate to Maclaurin expansion according to operational precision; then the polynomial in the former step is represented the rapid algorithm form of Qin Jiu Shao polynomial; finally, each item of Qin Jiu Shao polynomial is calibrated using DSP designated implementation method, and takes part in the calculation after calibration. The invention leaves out the switchbetween the fixed-points and floating-point before or after the calculation of nonlinear function, accordingly the operational efficiency is greatly improved; the invention, different with look-up table, reduces the cost of harware without occupying big memory.

The method of manufacturing a crystal oscillator that is compensated for temperature with low-cost, and a crystal oscillator that is compensated for temperature by the method is disclosed. A plurality of crystal oscillators are manufactured by preparing a compensation circuit that generates a common compensation voltage in accordance with a predetermined compensation curve expressed by a quintic polynomial of an ambient temperature; and manufacturing each of the plurality of crystal oscillators by integrating the compensation circuit with a voltage controlled oscillation circuit including a crystal resonator, the common compensation voltage generated by the compensation circuit being supplied to the voltage controlled oscillation circuit so that the temperature characteristic of the crystal resonator is compensated.

The invention relates to a roll stand for rolling a product, in particular made of metal, comprising a pair of first rollers contacted by a pair of second rollers supporting the first rollers, wherein the first roller and the second rollers have an asymmetrical radius curve (CVC grind) relative to a center plane, wherein the radius curve of the first rollers is represented by a polynomial of the third or fifth order. In order to design the wedging of a second roller supporting a first roller such that optimal operating conditions are set, the invention proposes that the radius curve of the second roller is given by a polynomial of the third or fifth order, wherein special relationships are prescribed for the ratios between the coefficients.

A shimming method for correcting inhomogeneity of a static magnetic field generated by a magnet of a nuclear magnetic resonance imaging machine includes: measuring the magnetic field at a plurality of points over a reference surface; generating a polynomial that solves Laplace's equation with boundary conditions given on the reference surface, the polynomial representing the magnetic field on the reference surface and having a plurality of harmonic terms, each associated with a coefficient; determining the coefficients from the field sampling values; defining a grid for positioning a plurality of correction elements and relating it to the field structure; and calculating the position and magnitude parameters of the correction elements, such that the correction elements affect the coefficients of the magnetic field to obtain the desired field characteristics, wherein the reference surface is a superquadric surface, such that the magnetic field is corrected in a volume delimited by the superquadric surface.