162 results about "Pulse stream" patented technology

The invention concerns a switch-mode voltage regulator, comprising : an inductor (L); a generator for producing a voltage ramp (16); circuitry (12, 13) for producing at least one pulse stream from said voltage ramp; switch control circuitry (14) for controlling switching of a current in the inductor according to said pulse stream; and a first control loop adapted to modulate the form of the voltage ramp according to the current flowing in the inductor.

The present invention describes a network communication system which includes a first slave transceiver configured to communicate a plurality of TDMA data packets at different data rates to a second slave transceiver. The second slave transceiver is also configured to communicate a plurality of TDMA data packets at different data rates to the first slave transceiver. A master transceiver manages data communications between the first slave transceiver and the second slave transceiver. Each transceiver includes a data modulation unit, a transmitter, an antenna, and a receiver. The data modulation unit is configured to generate a plurality of signals having variable pulse repetition frequencies and different modulation techniques. The transmitter is coupled to the data modulation unit and the transmitter is configured to generate a pulse stream according to the data modulation unit. The transmitting antenna is coupled to the transmitter and the transmitting antenna is configured to transmit a plurality of ultra wide band base band signals. The receiver is configured to detect and demodulate said ultra wide band base band signals operating at variable pulse repetition frequencies and having different modulation methods.

Tokenized commands originating in an infrared (IR) remote control are sent over a home automation network using low-cost radio-frequency (RF) and / or powerline (PL) communications to enables operation of distant IR-controllable devices not within view of the IR beam from the remote control, as well as operation of other devices that are not IR-controllable. Using IR or RF, the remote control sends only a few bytes of tokenized information designating the specific function to be controlled. An IR or RF receiver optionally retransmits the tokens over another network, such as the powerline. “IR Blaster” devices receive the tokens via RF or another network, and apply them to an IR engine that generates an IR pulse stream identical to that of the original remote control. Non-IR devices receive the tokens via RF or another network and interpret them as specific control commands.

An optical disk read signal processing system for Blu-ray disc systems to ensure stable phase-locked locked operation even with a low signal-to-noise ratio. This system changes a loop configuration of a phase lock loop circuit according to the operating state, and utilizes a FIR equalizer for phase detection. This system attains a low error rate even when the signal-to-noise ratio of an input signal is low, and avoids pulse edges with low phase detection accuracy or signal pulse streams with a high possibility of being mistakenly detected as an edge in conventional methods, and also supports diverse types of input signals.

A portable cooling system providing a controlled rate of cooling. The system includes a cool water device, a remote switching unit, and a thermal pad. The cool water device includes a coolant storage chamber separated from a pumping chamber by a baffle. The pumping chamber includes a pump and a discharge line with a flow restrictor for the fluid being returned from the thermal pad. In one embodiment, the remote switching unit actuates the portable cooling system and includes a timer feature for shutting down the system after a predetermined time. In another embodiment, the switching unit actuates a controller that sends a pulse stream to the pump to control the cooling water flow rate. The thermal pad includes fluid conduits that distribute the cooling water over the surface of the pad. In various embodiments, the thermal pad is a flat pad, a bonnet-shaped pad, and a cap-shaped pad.

A superconducting analog-to-digital converter includes a superconducting input loop to which is applied an analog voltage to be converted to a digital format. The superconducting loop includes two Josephson junctions for converting said analog input voltage into a single flux quantum (SFQ) pulse stream having a frequency f1 which is directly proportional to the amplitude of the analog input voltage. The loop includes two outputs for distributing the pulse stream in a cyclical and staggered fashion onto the two loop outputs such that the frequency of the pulses along each one of the loop outputs is f½. Additional frequency divider circuits may be coupled to the loop outputs to produce pulse streams on N output lines having a frequency of f1 / N.

Timing characteristics of message-oriented transports are measured using common personal computers which easily support a wide variety of analytical tools. The apparatus measures timing characteristics of bursty message traffic over relatively low-speed digital transports such as the Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI). The apparatus includes means for generating a reference pulse stream, such as a sequencer. A transcoder device receives the reference pulse stream and routes the pulse stream to a device under test and, in analog form, to a first channel input of a digital recording device, such as a sound card installed in a personal computer. The transcoder also receives an output pulse stream from the device under test and routes the output pulse stream, in analog form, to a second channel input of the digital recording device. A differential technique allows timing errors in the reference pulse stream to be eliminated from measurements. The apparatus can also be used for measuring propagation characteristics of a particular transmission medium.

SAL designation uses absolute time coding of the pulse-stream to disambiguate the designator in a manner that reduces the number of pulses in a pulse-stream and reduces the total pulse energy on the target. This requires timing synchronization between the designator and receiver. For improved rejection of unintended returns, more precise time gating (narrower absolute time window) is required. This can be achieved by removing the path length and or firing time uncertainty errors. Absolute time coding reduces the number of pulses and total energy on target in two ways. First, the designator may only have to transmit the pulse-code once. The “spot” appears for the brief time associated with a pulse-stream and disappears; continuous lasing of the target is not required. Second, the designator can be disambiguated using a combination of pulse-code (relative spacing of pulses) and pulse-position (absolute timing of pulses) modulation. This allows the pulse-stream to be shortened considerably, perhaps to a single pulse.

The present invention relates to a method for transmitting data. An optical pulse stream comprising a plurality of return-to-zero optical pulses is prepared by modulating a phase of light output by an optical source to thereby encode data from a data source. The light of the optical pulse stream has a wavelength. The optical pulse stream is transmitted along an optical fiber of an optical network. Optical pulse streams of the invention enhance transmission performance at least in part by reducing noise at the receiver caused by fiber non-linearities.

A low power miniaturized telemeter (25, 40-42) provides data from a monitored subject at internal or external locations. A charge integration and pulse stream encoding (30) in the telemeter (25, 40-42) contributes to reduced power consumption. A transmitter (29) in the telemeter (25, 40-42) may be omnidirectional to permit operation without physical obstruction or limitations to movement. A receiver (22) collects transmitted information and may have an adaptive threshold pulse detector to permit further reductions in power usage. The telemeter (25, 40-42) can multiplex monitored parameters on a time division basis to permit trans-mission of multiple data channels. Individual telemeters may have unique transmission frequencies to permit multiple telemeters to be used concurrently without interference. A self-contained power source in the telemeter (25, 40-42) permits long term operation at low power without the need of replacement. The telemeter (25, 40-42) can be packaged to accommodate a number of applications, such as by permitting adjustable density.

AC motor control systems and speed controllers are presented, including a transient-based speed estimation system that provides a rotor speed estimate based on a measured speed-related motor transient signal, and a transient excitation system which selectively modifies at least one switch control signal to excite the measured motor transient. The measured speed-related transient may include a phase error signal, a phase lag signal, a peak current signal, a voltage integral signal, a motor winding voltage signal, a switching device voltage, and a voltage zero crossing signal, and the switching signal modification can comprise removal of select pulse(s) from a switching control pulse stream or selective modification of spacings between pulses to re-excite the motor transient.

The present invention is a remote input analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) system. The system may generate low jitter, short duration optical pulses to allow for high performance sampling of an antenna signal at a remote end of the system. The system may utilize phase modulation and IQ demodulation (with a reference optical pulse stream) using separate analog-to-digital converters for I and Q to overcome linearity limitations. Low sampling rate analog-to-digital converters may be utilized by the system by using parallel, low optical pulse repetition rate paths and / or optical demultiplexer switching trees. The system is an optical fiber system.

An apparatus for generating seismic body waves in a hydrocarbon reservoir includes a closed-loop borehole source having a resonant cavity for generating resonant energy, a drive source and a control unit. The drive source injects pressure pulses to the resonant cavity at a predetermined or selectable pressure and frequency. The fluid circulates between the cavity and the drive source in a closed-loop fashion. In another embodiment, the borehole source utilizes a smart or controllable material that is responsive to an applied excitation field. The cavity includes an excitation coil for providing an excitation field that changes a material property of the smart fluid. The control unit is programmed to adjust operating parameters to produce seismic waves having a selected frequency and amplitude. In one embodiment, a control unit adjusts operating parameters in response to measured parameters of interest or surface commands.

A new analog-to-digital (ADC) circuit and architecture and the corresponding method of implementation are provided. The analog input signal is converted into a modulated pulse stream such as by a pulse-width-modulation scheme. The time-duration width of the pulses are measured by a TDC (time-to-digital converter) and converted to a digital binary representation that is directly correlated with the voltage amplitude of the analog input signal. The circuit implementation is substantially free of switches and circuit issues such as associated with sigma-delta and switched-capacitor techniques for ADC's.

A multiphase clock circuit in which bit errors are propagated only for the duration of the clock cycle in which a bit error occurs. The circuit recovers automatically from bit errors and is capable of operating at high frequency with high clock precision. The multiphase clock circuit can generate a plurality of clock pulse streams, each pulse stream at the same clock frequency, with fixed phase relationships among the streams. The multiphase clock circuit includes a master clock signal of frequency fc which is applied to a divide by N frequency divider circuit for producing a base clock signal of fc / N. The base clock signal is sequentially applied to the data input of a series chain of N clocked data flip-flops (DFFs) each of which is simultaneously clocked by a clock signal of frequency fc to produce N clock signals of base frequency fc / N separated from each other by a constant time delay T=1 / fc.

A method for providing comprehensive electrical usage and demand data is disclosed. An electric meter (20), central data server (28), and customer's computer (38) comprise an Internet-based energy information system according to certain of the prior art. It is assumed that either or both of the networks (24, 36) of this system are intermittently connected, as in a dial-up connection, or are expensive to connect continuously, thereby precluding the presentation of real-time data. The present invention provides continuous, real-time data to a utility customer's computer through a direct, low-latency network (102) to the meter. All data are presented in the form of web pages, and the posted pages (30) and the locally generated pages ( ) are hyperlinked to one another, so that the customer has seamless access to comprehensive usage and demand data thereby, enabling proactive management of energy utilization. Further disclosed is a pulse transponder / logger that implements the system at a site with a pulse-output electric meter. Finally disclosed are algorithms to determine electrical demand trends from pulse streams.

A frequency measurement device includes: a short gate time counter section that continuously measures a pulse stream signal supplied, and outputs a series of count values that behave like a pulse stream corresponding to a frequency of the pulse stream signal; and a low-pass filter that removes high frequency components from the series of count values to obtain a level signal corresponding to the frequency of the pulse stream signal supplied.

The invention provides a pulse sorting method based on an isomorphic sequence, and aims to solve the problem in detection of pulse groups which are practically submersed into a large quantity of pulse streams. The method comprises the following steps S1, acquiring a pulse repetition time interval sequence through first-order backward difference of the arrival time sequence of pulse streams, and quantizing the value of each element of the pulse repetition time interval sequence; S2, sieving the repetition substrings of the pulse repetition time interval sequence by using a suffix array and a maximum public prefix; S3, deleting shorter sub-strings from sub-strings having inclusion relations, and combining and jointing sub-strings having overlapping relations; S4, constructing a pulse stream arrival time difference matrix specific to the remaining pulse streams; S5, extracting a positive real number sequence of each line of the difference matrix to construct a pile of arrays, and sequencing the arrays to obtain a plurality of subsets; S6, searching for the sum of the subsets and a maximum common subsequence, and determining the position of a target pulse; S7, performing harmonic wave verification and pulse loss verification.

A telemetry system includes a plurality of acoustic sensors for receiving acoustic information and generating analog signals based on the received acoustic information. A first plurality of subsystems is coupled to at least a subset of the plurality of acoustic sensors. The first plurality of subsystems is configured to receive the analog signals from the acoustic sensors and generate digital values based on the received analog signals. The system includes a first optical splitter. A first optical transmitter transmits a first set of optical pulses to the first optical splitter. The first optical splitter is configured to transmit the first set of optical pulses to each subsystem in the first plurality of subsystems. Each subsystem in the first plurality of subsystems is configured to modulate the first set of optical pulses based on the generated digital values and thereby generate a modulated optical pulse stream. A first optical combiner receives and combines the modulated optical pulse stream from each subsystem in the first plurality of subsystems, thereby generating a combined modulated optical pulse stream. A first optical receiver receives the combined modulated optical pulse stream from the first optical combiner. The first optical receiver is configured to generate electrical signals based on the received combined modulated optical pulse stream.

The present invention describes a network communication system which includes a first slave transceiver configured to communicate a plurality of TDMA data packets at different data rates to a second slave transceiver. The second slave transceiver is also configured to communicate a plurality of TDMA data packets at different data rates to the first slave transceiver. A master transceiver manages data communications between the first slave transceiver and the second slave transceiver. Each transceiver includes a data modulation unit, a transmitter, an antenna, and a receiver. The transmitter is coupled to the data modulation unit and the transmitter is configured to generate a pulse stream according to the data modulation unit. The receiver is configured to detect and demodulate said ultra wide band base band signals operating at variable pulse repetition frequencies and having different modulation methods.

An optical disk read signal processing system for Blu-ray disc systems to ensure stable phase-locked locked operation even with a low signal-to-noise ratio. This system changes a loop configuration of a phase lock loop circuit according to the operating state, and utilizes a FIR equalizer for phase detection. This system attains a low error rate even when the signal-to-noise ratio of an input signal is low, and avoids pulse edges with low phase detection accuracy or signal pulse streams with a high possibility of being mistakenly detected as an edge in conventional methods, and also supports diverse types of input signals.

Methods and systems for controlling temperatures in plasma processing chamber with a combination of proportional and pulsed fluid control valves. A heat transfer fluid loop is thermally coupled to a chamber component, such as a chuck. The heat transfer fluid loop includes a supply line and a return line to each of hot and cold fluid reservoirs. In an embodiment, an analog valve (e.g., in the supply line) is controlled between any of a closed state, a partially open state, and a fully open state based on a temperature control loop while a digital valve (e.g., in the return line) is controlled to either a closed state and a fully open state.

A method of performing optical serial-to-parallel conversion of an optical signal includes performing phase modulation of the optical pulse stream and outputting a phase-modulated optical signal. Optical switching of the phase-modulated optical signal is performed by optical switches provided on a signal path. Optical switching of a reference optical clock signal is performed by optical switches provided on a reference path. I / Q demodulation of the optically switched phase-modulated optical signal respectively output by an optical switch is performed on the signal path at timings corresponding to the optically switched reference optical clock signal respectively output by an optical switch on the reference path, in which I and Q demodulated signals are output as a result thereof. Photodetection of the I and Q demodulated signals is then performed.

A pulsed electron ablation (PEA) utilizes a source of a high power density electron beam which includes a cathode plasma supplying electrons for generation of the electron beam and an anode plasma having a front layer extending in the processing chamber in a counter relationship with the front layer of the cathode plasma. A gas supply line is coupled to the processing chamber to supply a process gas in a controlled fashion to the anode to create a pressure gradient between the anode and the cathode plasma, and to stimulate an intense ionization of the process gas in the vicinity to the anode to form the anode plasma. The power density of the electron beam sharply increases as the result of an interaction of said cathode and anode plasmas at the double space charge contact layer formed between their fronts. A target is positioned in the processing chamber a predetermined distance from the front layer of the cathode plasma and is exposed to the electron beam to produce stream of the ablation plasma.

A superconducting analog-to-digital converter includes a superconducting input loop to which is applied an analog voltage to be converted to a digital format. The superconducting loop includes two Josephson junctions for converting said analog input voltage into a single flux quantum (SFQ) pulse stream having a frequency f1 which is directly proportional to the amplitude of the analog input voltage. The loop includes two outputs for distributing the pulse stream in a cyclical and staggered fashion onto the two loop outputs such that the frequency of the pulses along each one of the loop outputs is f1 / 2. Additional frequency divider circuits may be coupled to the loop outputs to produce pulse streams on N output lines having a frequency of f1 / N.

Disclosed is an amplifier circuit configured to amplify a pulse stream. The amplifier circuit comprises a switching block including a first switch operable to couple an output node of the switching block to a positive reference voltage, a second switch operable to couple the output node to a ground reference voltage and a third switch operable to couple the output node to a negative reference voltage. The amplifier circuit is configured to amplify the pulse stream into an amplified signal detectable at the output node such that the amplified signal has a common-mode voltage level substantially equal to zero volts. In one embodiment, the amplifier circuit is configured to amplify the pulse stream in accordance with a Class-D amplification scheme. In one embodiment, the output node can be directly connected to a load device without a DC blocking capacitor being interposed between the output node and the load device.

Analog pulse width modulation (PWM) control circuits and techniques are presented for improving output voltage load transient response in controlling DC to DC conversion systems in which a transient detector circuit restarts a PWM carrier ramp waveform to initiate asynchronous injection of a pulse between the regular periodic PWM pulses in a fixed frequency pulse stream to mitigate the effect of output inductor energy depletion on output voltage.

The invention concerns a switch-mode voltage regulator, comprising : an inductor (L); a generator for producing a voltage ramp (16); circuitry (12, 13) for producing at least one pulse stream from said voltage ramp; switch control circuitry (14) for controlling switching of a current in the inductor according to said pulse stream; and a first control loop adapted to modulate the form of the voltage ramp according to the current flowing in the inductor.

An apparatus and method for regulating analogue-to-digital converters. First and second input signals are received at controlled oscillator circuitry which generates respective first and second pulse streams with pulse rates based on the relevant input signal. Difference circuitry determines the difference in number of pulses of the first and second pulse streams and outputs a first digital signal. Circuitry also determines a signal independent value based on the number of pulses of the first and / or second pulse streams. In one embodiment this value is the sum or average of the number of pulses of the first and second pulse streams. This value can be used to calibrate for any variation in transfer characteristic of the oscillator circuitry. In one embodiment this value is compared to a reference value and a regulation signal passed to control circuitry to regulate the operation of the oscillation circuitry.