The invention discloses an automatic test system based on scene description. The automatic test system includes a rule base, an object attribute extractor, a scene model builder, a parsing engine, a path constraint extractor, a core controller, a constraint solver, a solver adapter, a test case generator, a test case library and an optimization engine. According to the automatic test system, attributes of a test object are extracted according to the specific rule base and added to a scene model, the information of the model itself and a heuristic information analysis model extracted from the test case library are combined to automatically generate a test path, a corresponding test input is generated by using the constraint solver, the test path and the test input are integrated to generatea test case and the test case is optimized. While ensuring test adequacy, the test cost of a manual test is reduced, and the test efficiency is improved. The invention also discloses an implementation method of the automatic test system based on scene description.