The invention discloses a force transmission type damping energy dissipation concrete structure anti-collision device and an anti-collision method. The anti-collision device comprises a plurality of force transmission type damping energy dissipation units which are distributed in a linear or arc or circular mode, wherein each force transmission type damping energy dissipation unit comprises a collision system, a constraint system, a power conversion system and a bottom plate, each collision system comprises a collision plate, a dowel bar and a pressed damper, each constraint system comprises asleeve, each power conversion system comprises a crank, a rotating shaft, a diagonal draw bar and a tension damper, the position of each rotating shaft is fixed, the crank is sleeved on each rotatingshaft, one end of each rotating shaft is hinged with the dowel bar, the other end of each rotating shaft is hinged with the diagonal draw bar, the middle of each diagonal draw bar is installed with the tension damper, the bottom end of each diagonal draw bar is hinged with the bottom plate, and the bottom plate is installed in a foundation. According to the anti-collision device, horizontal impact force borne by the collision systems is transmitted to the bottom plates through the power conversion systems, pressed damper and tension damper are buffered and absorb energy in the force transmission process, impact energy is finally transmitted to the ground, a concrete structure is protected against the influence of the impact force, and therefore the purpose of protecting the concrete structure is achieved.