The invention provides a quick nondestructive detection method for leather types based on a terahertz spectrum technology. The method comprises the following steps: S1, preparing a detection bracket suitable for detecting a leather sample by terahertz spectrum; S2, measuring the thickness of a to-be-detected leather sample; S3, measuring a blank sample detection bracket to acquire a reference terahertz time-domain spectral signal and measuring and acquiring a sample terahertz time-domain spectral signal of the detection bracket with the to-be-detected sample; S4, measuring different sites of a same sample for many times, calculating the characteristic parameters, taking the mean value to reduce error, and acquiring the mean value of the terahertz spectral characteristic parameters of the to-be-detected sample; and S5, comparing leather terahertz characteristic databases constructed to determine the types of leather. The method is quick, label-free, free of damage, simple to operate and widely suitable, can overcome subjective effect of an identifier, and can objectively reflect the types of detected leather and leather products.