The invention discloses a construction waste classification treatment system and process. The classified treatment system is characterized by comprising a closed chain plate distributing machine (1),strong feeding plate hammering equipment (3), a first roller screen (4), magnetic vortex sorting equipment (5) and circulating winnowing equipment (6) which are sequentially connected through conveying equipment (2); the circulating winnowing equipment (6) is connected with the packaging equipment (7) and a second roller screen (8) through the conveying equipment (2); the system also comprises dust removing equipment (9) which is connected with the closed chain plate distributing machine (1), the strong feeding plate hammering equipment (3), the first roller screen (4) and the circulating winnowing equipment (6) to remove dust. According to the construction waste treatment system, the processes of crushing, screening, magnetic separation, winnowing, packaging and the like can be effectively carried out on construction waste, recycling of the construction waste is achieved, and particularly dust and the like generated in the production process can be effectively collected through the dust collection system. An environment-friendly, effective and economical construction waste recycling and classifying treatment system is realized.