The invention relates to the field of bridges, in particular to a self-propelled bridge surface cleaning vehicle. The invention aims at providing the self-propelled bridge surface cleaning vehicle which is safe, reliable and capable of conveniently cleaning up and recycling garbage on a bridge surface. The self-propelled bridge surface cleaning vehicle includes an object shoveling bucket, a mounting plate, electric wheels, a water storage bucket, a partition plate, a garbage recycling box, an air exhaust pipe, an electric spray gun, a fixing base, a first rotation shaft, a motor, a first wetting mesh plate, a butterfly-shaped bolt, a cover plate, a second rotation shaft, a mounting hood, a first bearing base, a first brush plate, a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear, a third bevel gear,a fourth bevel gear, a third rotation shaft, a second bearing base and fan blades. The self-propelled bridge surface cleaning vehicle is safe, reliable and capable of conveniently cleaning up and recycling the garbage on the bridge surface and can effectively treat and inhibit dust on the bridge surface.