The invention discloses a four-jamming-light-path infrared jamming simulation system using a microlens array as a beam expansion element, and belongs to the technical field of infrared semi-physical simulation. The four-jamming-light-path infrared jamming simulation system comprises jamming light paths, a compound objective lens (5), the microlens array (14) and a collimator objective lens (8) in the direction of the light paths, wherein parallel light beams emitted by the jamming light paths light on the microlens array (14) after penetrating through the compound objective lens (5), convergency of the light beams is carried out through the microlens array (14), collimation is carried out on the light beams through the collimator objective lens (8), and the light beams are received by a seeker. According to the four-jamming-light-path infrared jamming simulation system using the microlens array as the beam expansion element, when the microlens array serves as the beam expansion element, the jamming light beams lighting on the front surface of the microlens array are further converged, the direction of propagation of the light beams is changed, and the angle of divergence of the light beams is enlarged; meanwhile, the collimator objective lens can be filled with jamming light, collection efficiency of jamming light energy is greatly improved.