The invention relates to a teaching device simulating the marine environment, and provides a marine observation experiment teaching device comprising a pressure resisting box body, a sealing gasket, a cable, a pressure resisting box cover, a compressed air pipeline, an air compressor, a controller, an compressed air pipeline, a sea salt pool, a three-way electromagnetic valve, a water pipe, a heat pump system, seawater, a marine observation instrument, a water pump, an electromagnetic valve, air cylinders and a water pipe. An enclosed pressure resisting space is formed by the pressure resisting box body, the pressure resisting box cover and the sealing gasket. The marine observation instrument is arranged in the seawater loaded in the pressure resisting box body. The controller controls compressed air and simulates the change of the seawater pressure. The controller controls the water pump to simulate ocean current. The controller controls the heat pump system to perform refrigeration or heating. The temperature of the seawater is changed through a heat exchanger so as to simulate the change of the seawater temperature. The controller controls telescoping of the air cylinders. The four or six air cylinders simulate shaking of the ship under the control of the controller. The controller controls the three-way electromagnetic valve to simulate the change of the salinity of the seawater. The teaching effect can be improved and the teaching quality can be enhanced by the device.