31results about How to "Reduced boundary layer thickness" patented technology

A burner assembly for an oven appliance is provided. The burner assembly includes a gas burner and a flame spreader. The flame spreader defines a slot or a series of apertures that is substantially parallel to the gas burner. The slot or series of apertures can decrease a thickness of a boundary layer positioned adjacent the flame spreader or increase a velocity or a temperature or both of the boundary layer.

A system for processing a workpiece includes a base having a bowl or recess for holding a processing fluid. A sonic energy source, such as a megasonic transducer, provides sonic energy into a processing fluid in the bowl. A process head holds a workpiece. A process head lifter lowers the head holding the workpiece into the processing fluid in the bowl. Sonic energy is provided to the workpiece through the processing fluid, optionally while the processing head spins the workpiece. The processing fluid may include de-ionized water and an etchant.

Stopper rods (22) for the continuous casting of molten metal have a stopper rod body (22-3), and a stopper rod tip (22-1) at a lower end of the stopper rod body. The stopper rod tip defines a frustoconically shaped exterior surface (22-1a) which terminates in a recessed nose (22-1b). The recessed nose is most preferably a curvilinear surface (e.g., a spherical segment), but non-curvilinear surfaces (e.g., prismatic, pyramidal, triangular, and quadrangular surfaces) may alternatively be employed. The frustoconically shaped exterior surface (22-1a) of the stopper rod tip most preferably forms an angle θ with respect to a horizontal plane which is sufficiently great so as to increase the velocity of the flowing molten metal to reduce the boundary layer thickness thereof adjacent the nozzle and stopper rod tip surfaces so as to minimize the deposition of inclusions thereon. Preferably the angle θ is greater than 70°.

A diverterless hypersonic inlet (DHI) for a high speed, air-breathing propulsion system reduces the ingested boundary layer flow, drag, and weight, and maintains a high capture area for hypersonic applications. The design enables high vehicle fineness ratios, low-observable features, and enhances ramjet operability limits. The DHI is optimized for a particular design flight Mach number. A forebody segment generates and focuses a system of multiple upstream shock waves at desired strengths and angles to facilitate required inlet and engine airflow conditions. The forebody contour diverts boundary layer flow to the inlet sides, effectively reducing the thickness of the boundary layer that is ingested by the inlet, while maintaining the capture area required by the hypersonic propulsion system. The cowl assembly is shaped to integrate with the forebody shock system and the thinned boundary layer region.

Non-contact method and apparatus for Drying, Conditioning, Shaping and Manipulating of sheet fed Media. These functions are performed either on one side, or simultaneously or delayed one from the other on both sides, of the Media. For Drying, the energy applied is minimized to that necessary to supply latent heat of vaporization permitting use in, for example, low cost printers. No friction is introduced in the transport path enabling high speed, reliable Media transport. A region is established between Media and Platen wherein heat, support, and chemical or other processing may occur in a controlled way. Relatively few, inexpensive, and small parts are needed lowering the cost, energy, and space requirements for performing the various functions allowing for new applications in many fields. Media is supported a specific distance from a Platen by a balance of Fluid forces. The Media and the Platen bound a region in which forced convection greatly enhances process rates otherwise be limited by diffusion. The method and apparatus described is particularly suitable for high speed, low cost, inkjet printing.

The invention relates to an air curtain design method for sealing a transmission channel in laser, which comprises the following steps: (1) determining the dimensions of a plane jet forming section according to the diameter of the transmission channel in the laser, wherein the dimensions mainly refer to the thickness and width of a plane jet; (2) after determining the dimensions of the plane jet forming section, determining the side length and height of the upper and lower surfaces of a pyramid; (3) in order to guarantee the uniformity of the air velocity, placing a flow deflector in the pyramid; (4) setting the length, width and height of an air curtain guide section and the connecting position of the transmission channel in the laser; (5) in order to decrease the thickness of boundary layers in different gas mixing regions and reduce the optical path difference because of gas density fluctuation, arranging a windshield cover at one side on which the air curtain guide section is connected with the outside; and (6) placing a hollow windshield plate in the transmission channel in the laser, wherein the position of the hollow windshield plate can be set according to the width of a turbulence mixing region. The air curtain design method provided by the invention can maintain the single uniform gas with a low absorption coefficient in the transmission channel in the laser, avoids the introduction of the larger optical path difference and has the characteristics of high laser transmissivity and high temperature resistance.

The invention discloses a composite thermal diaphragm cooling device for a solar telescope. In a large-aperture solar telescope system, the sunlight cut off by a thermal diaphragm will not only causetemperature rise but also bring a stray light source. The composite thermal diaphragm cooling device comprises a thermal diaphragm base body, a jet impingement plate, a reflecting plate and a thermaldiaphragm plug-in, wherein the thermal diaphragm base body is provided with an optical path channel at the central position; a reflecting surface of the thermal diaphragm base body is provided with adiaphragm placement groove and a jet cavity; the reflecting surface of the thermal diaphragm base body is fixed with a reflecting plate; the inner side surface of the reflecting plate is fixed with the jet impingement plate; the thermal diaphragm base body is internally provided with n liquid inlet flow channels and n liquid outlet flow channels; the thermal diaphragm plug-in is plugged in the diaphragm placement groove of the thermal diaphragm base body; the middle part of the thermal diaphragm plug-in is provided with a light inlet channel; and the edge of the outer side surface of the thermal diaphragm plug-in is flush with the inner contour of the reflecting plate, and the middle part is set in an outward protruding manner. The composite thermal diaphragm cooling device can increase the Reynolds number of a cooling liquid in the liquid inlet flow channels through a gradual-shrinking hole design, and thus enhances the heat exchange performance.

A structure for reducing the drag of a ship and its application thereof is provided. The structure for reducing the drag of a ship includes at least one turbulence generating structure which is installed on the side surface between the widest section and the aft end or on the bottom surface between the deepest portion and the aft end of the ship. The arrangement of the turbulence generating structure can generate turbulence to reduce the drag of the ship, and thereby increase the speed of the ship and / or reduce the ship's fuel consumption.

The invention relates to a method for photochemically synthesizing vitamin D2 and D3 in a tubular reactor. The method is characterized in that the vitamin D2 and D3 are synthesized by ultraviolet light of different bands, the residence time of reaction liquid fed at different times in the tubular reactor is controlled to be the same by not dissolving with reaction liquid, not participating in reaction liquid separation and carrying ergosterol and 7-dehydrocholesterol reaction liquid and enhancing internal disturbance of the reaction liquid; the method has the advantages of continuous, stable and high efficiency of solar energy utilization, the operation is simple, and the process is controllable; the method has great prospect in the industrial production of the photochemically synthesizedvitamin D2 and D3.

The invention provides a permeation device (2) comprising a receiving vessel (6) having an aperture adapted for receiving an insert well (4). Both the vessel (6) and well (4) are used as either donor or acceptor compartments for permeability assays. The vessel (6) or well (4) comprises a porous suppor (8)t, which may comprise biological or biomimetic materials, adapted for a molecular entity to permeate therethrough. In one embodiment, a stirring member (24) disposed in the vessel (6) can provide solution agitation to reduce aqueous boundary layer thickness adjacent to the support (8). Boundary layer thicknesses can be reduced by a device (2) of the invention to less than about 15 um such that a molecular entity permeating the support closely approximates in vivo absorption and transport conditions.

A structure for reducing the drag of a ship and its application thereof is provided. The structure for reducing the drag of a ship includes at least one turbulence generating structure which is installed on the side surface between the widest section and the aft end or on the bottom surface between the deepest portion and the aft end of the ship. The arrangement of the turbulence generating structure can generate turbulence to reduce the drag of the ship, and thereby increase the speed of the ship and / or reduce the ship's fuel consumption.

A reactor and method for performing chemical vapor deposition are disclosed. A chemical vapor deposition reactor can have a cylindrical chamber that comprises a cylindrical lid support and an annular gas distribution plate. Said chamber can be configured to have a horizontal laminar flow of at least one gas stream in the radial direction and a vertical downward flow of another gas stream over wafers. A large capacity of a CVD reactor with simple structures, easy maintenance and low consumption of reactants can be achieved. High uniformity, repeatability, reproducibility and consistency of depositing layers on wafers can be obtained.

A condensation cooling system for motor vehicles is presented. The system, in principal part, comprises a liquid-to-liquid heat exchanger for circulating a first coolant, a coolant tank for circulating a second coolant, and a condensing panel or surface, where the condensing panel is part of the coolant tank and also functions as a vehicle body panel. These components are arranged in two circuits, i.e. an engine cooling circuit in which a first coolant is circulated and a vapor condensing circuit in which a second coolant is circulated. The two cooling circuits are interconnected by the coolant tank where the heat exchanger is positioned within the coolant tank such that it is immersed in the second coolant. The coolant tank may also be equipped with pressure release valves, electric fans and diffuser plates to control pressure and manage air and vapor flow internally within the tank.