The invention provides a hybrid electric vehicle gear-shifting control method based on a multi-mode brake. The rotation speed of an oil pump motor is increased to A, the current of a negative lockup valve of the multi-mode brake is removed, the multi-mode brake is controlled to be in a two-way free state, then the torque of a small motor and the torque of a large motor are increased, the rotationspeed of a first planet carrier is quickly increased to B, then the current of a positive lockup valve of the multi-mode brake is increased, the multi-mode brake is controlled to be in a reverse locking state, meanwhile, the torque of the small motor and the torque of the large motor are controlled, the rotation speed of the first planet carrier is reduced to be lower than D according to the preset speed C and then reduced to be lower than F according to the preset speed E, finally the torque of an engine and the torque of the large motor are increased, the first planet carrier is locked by the reversely-locking multi-mode brake, and gear shifting is achieved. By the adoption of the method, the problem of impact of gear shifting in the advancing process can be effectively solved, the roleof the multi-mode brake is played, the whole vehicle torque responding time is shortened, and the whole vehicle smoothness is greatly improved.