The invention relates to an agricultural material logistic anti-counterfeiting tracing system and method and belongs to the information service technology field. The system comprises an anti-counterfeiting label, an anti-counterfeiting reader, a server and a supplier card, wherein the anti-counterfeiting label is fixedly mounted at a sealing port of an agricultural material packaging bag, the anti-counterfeiting reader and the server realize network data transmission connection, the anti-counterfeiting reader reads the anti-counterfeiting label and the supplier card, and the supplier card is a portable information card. The system is advantaged in that the information industry and modern service industry technology is utilized, anti-counterfeiting and tracing problems of the agricultural material logistic field are solved, peasant households can be facilitated to simply and rapidly identify product authenticity, counterfeit control can be effectively carried out by enterprises, the government is facilitated to know about safe market operation conditions of agricultural materials, the agricultural material commodity information can be identified and traced, liability traceability can be realized, moreover, benefits of product manufacturers are taken as a core, logistics is taken as a main channel, real products can be guaranteed to smoothly arrive hands of consumers through various sale ways, and thereby peasant benefits are lastly guaranteed.