The invention discloses a filter screen self-cleaning type air filtering device. The air filtering device comprises a shell, filtering assemblies, a cleaning mechanism and an overturning mechanism, wherein an air inlet and an air outlet are formed in the shell, an air flow channel is formed in the shell, the two filtering assemblies are symmetrically arranged, the surfaces of the opposite sides of the two filtering assemblies are located on the same spherical surface, in the air inlet working state, one filtering assembly directly faces the air inlet and abuts against the air inlet, the portion, abutting against the filtering assembly, of the air inlet is provided with an arc-shaped abutting face matched with the spherical curved face of the filtering assembly, the other filtering assembly is idle in the shell, the cleaning mechanism and the turnover mechanism are installed in the shell, the cleaning mechanism is used for cleaning the filter assembly idle in the shell, and the overturning mechanism is used for overturning the two filter assemblies at the same time, so that the positions of the two filter assemblies are exchanged. According to the air filtering device, the structure design is ingenious, a filter screen can be replaced and cleaned in a full-automatic mode, the filter screen does not need to be disassembled, and the filter screen replacing and cleaning efficiency is high.