The invention provides a rapid formation method of an X-ray detecting device for a blade of an aviation engine. The rapid formation method comprises the following steps: I, establishing a three-dimensional entity model of the X-ray detecting device according to the blade structure; II, slicing the model of the detecting device, and planning the laser scanning path of each layer; III, inputting the model on selective laser sintering equipment, setting the technological parameters of selective laser sintering, and adopting laser beams to scan powder material on each layer according to the planned scan path; IV, performing finishing treatment on the surface of a part after machining; V, enhancing the strength of a formed part; VI, after curing the part, removing the redundancy on the surface to obtain the X-ray detecting device. According to the rapid formation method, the technology is simple and easy to control, the operation is reliable, the production period is short, and the repeatability is high; the X-ray detecting device manufactured by adopting the rapid formation method is reliable in mechanical property, meets the operating requirements, and can realize rapid response manufacture according to different blade structures.