292 results about "Cladding mode" patented technology

A novel Bragg grating filter in optical waveguiding fiber with suppressed cladding mode coupling and method of producing same is disclosed. The novel grating structure is induced in both the core and the cladding of the optical fiber irrespective of the photosensitivity of the core or cladding to actinic radiation. Such core and cladding of the optical fiber need not be chemically doped to support the grating. The method incorporates an ultra short duration pulse laser source. Electromagnetic radiation provided from the laser propagates to a diffractive element positioned a specific distance to the target material such that the diffracted electromagnetic radiation forms a 2-beam interference pattern, the peaks of which are sufficiently intense to cause a change in index of refraction.

A wavelength-selective optical device for coupling of light at predetermined wavelength from one optical fiber waveguide to another using at least two gratings and cladding-mode assisted coupling is disclosed. The transfer of light is performed using intermediate coupling to one or more cladding mode of the waveguides. In the case when the fibers have physically different cladding's, an arrangement for transfer of light from one cladding to another is required. The disclosed coupler has no back-reflection, small insertion loss, and very high channel isolation. The device can be used in wavelength-division multiplexing networks.

The invention provides a method for preparing a ceramic particle enhanced metal matrix composite coating in a laser cladding mode through an asynchronous powder feeding method. A lateral powder feeding nozzle is fixed to one coaxial powder feeding nozzle and assembled into an asynchronous powder feeding nozzle; the lateral powder feeding nozzle is used for feeding ceramic particle enhancing phases into the portion between the middle portion and the tail portion of the side, opposite to the laser scanning direction, of a molten pool; the coaxial powder feeding nozzles are used for feeding alloy powder or metal ceramic composite powder to the center of the molten pool; a laser device is used for conducting laser cladding, and then the ceramic particle enhanced metal matrix composite coating is obtained. According to the method, the coaxial powder feeding method and the lateral powder feeding method are combined, the ceramic particle enhancing phases are fed into the low-temperature region at the rear portion of the molten pool, so that the phenomena of nonuniformity of melting decomposition, clustering and distribution of the ceramic particle enhancing phases are reduced, and the ceramic particle enhancing phases are evenly distributed in the whole coating by keeping the original appearance to the maximum extent; accordingly, the ceramic particle enhancing phases are effectively retained and evenly distributed, and the performance of the composite coating can be substantially improved.

An embodiment is directed to a system for dissipating cladding modes of an optical fiber. In the system, a high power light source couples optical power into the optical fiber at a fiber coupling point thereby producing the cladding modes; material is indexed-matched to the optical fiber and is optically contacted to the optical fiber near the fiber coupling point; and a substrate layer is operable to provide a thermal sink for heat generated from dissipation of cladding modes of the optical fiber.

An apparatus for combining optical radiation, wherein the apparatus comprises a bundle of input optical fibres formed of glass, a taper, and an output optical fibre, wherein the taper is fused to the output optical fibre; and the apparatus comprises at least one cladding mode stripper to strip out higher order modes that would otherwise degrade a polymer coating on at least one of the input optical fibres and the output optical fibre.

A long period chiral fiber grating (“LPCFG”) that has a number of advantageous properties that can be readily utilized in a number of different applications is provided. The inventive LPCFG is a fiber grating having a pitch that exceeds the wavelength of light propagating therethrough. The LPCFG includes a number of dips in its transmission spectrum, but does not reflect any portion of the signal passing therethrough. The LPCFG is sensitive to changes in the refractive index of its external environment (or in the refractive index of a coating covering the LPCFG cladding). In response to changes in the external refractive index, the transmission dips shift proportionally to changes in the index, thus enabling the use of LPCFG as a fiber sensor element. In addition, the LPCFG is polarization sensitive—one circular polarized wave of one handedness is coupled to the cladding mode stronger than the wave of the other polarization handedness. This enables the LPCFG to be readily utilized in polarizers and for shaping the polarization spectra of signals passing therethrough (in one embodiment configured as multiple LPCFG elements having different pitches). The polarization sensitivity of the inventive LPCFG can also be used for verifying system integrity in chiral fiber sensor systems. In other embodiments of the present invention, the novel LPCFG can be used for modulating amplitude of the light signal propagating therethrough, or as a resonant active structure for add/drop filters.

The invention discloses an overlapping integral type prefabricated assembly structure for a comprehensive pipe gallery and a construction method thereof. The overlapping integral type prefabricated assembly structure comprises envelop enclosures, a pipe gallery prefabricated assembly structure body, a bottom plate cushion course and a completely outer-cladding waterproof layer, wherein the envelop enclosures are located in a foundation pit; the pipe gallery prefabricated assembly structure body is arranged between the envelop enclosures; the bottom plate cushion course is arranged under the pipe gallery prefabricated assembly structure body; and the completely outer-cladding waterproof layer is arranged on the outer side surface of the pipe gallery prefabricated assembly structure body in a cladding mode. The upper portion of the pipe gallery prefabricated assembly structure body is filled with backfill earth, and the completely outer-cladding waterproof layer is arranged on the outer side surface of an outer side cast-in-situ part of the pipe gallery prefabricated assembly structure body in a cladding mode. The construction method of the overlapping integral type prefabricated assembly structure comprises the steps of prefabricated component machining, foundation pit excavation, bottom plate pouring, side wall construction, mid-partition construction, top plate construction, earth backfilling and the like. According to the overlapping integral type prefabricated assembly structure for the comprehensive pipe gallery and the construction method thereof, the prominent problems of force bearing of joints, water seepage of connection seams and the like in the underground engineering prefabrication process are solved; and the structural modes of bottom plate casting in situ, side wall single-layer overlapping, mid-partition double-layer overlapping, top plate overlapping, all-joint casting in situ and completely outer-side waterproof layer cladding are adopted, so that effective connection and the waterproof function of the joints are ensured.

An active multimode optical fiber consisting of a first core section (11), a thin barrier layer (12) material having a thickness (d2) and a lower refractive index than that of the first core section by an index difference (Δn), a second core section (13) having a refrective index equal or higher than that of the first core section, and a cladding (14) having an index lower than that of the first core section. Said index difference and said thickness are selected so that a fundamental core mode couples less strongly with said cladding modes than higher order core modes. A scheme of changing the symmetry of the fiber for reduced sensitivity of the fundamental mode of the first core section to resonance effects.

The invention relates to a magnetic control tunable optical fiber comb filter belonging to the technical fields of optical fiber sensing and optical fiber communication. The magnetic control tunable optical fiber comb filter comprises a broadband light source, an optical fiber coupler, an optical fiber environment, a magnetic field generating unit and a photoelectric detector, wherein the optical fiber environment comprises a left arm optical fiber, a right arm optical fiber and a PCFG (Photonic Crystal Fiber Grating). The magnetic control tunable optical fiber comb filter is characterized in that the PCFG cladding is provided with five large shaddock-form air holes of single-layer structures, and magnetofluid is filled into the large air holes through a capillary phenomenon and changes in the refraction index under the action of a variable magnetic field to change the effective refraction index of a PCFG cladding and cause the wavelength movement of a harmonic peak coupled between a PCFG base mode and a cladding mode so as to realize the tunability as the output characteristics of the filter. Because of different lengths of the left arm optical fiber and the right arm optical fiber in the optical fiber environment, two paths of light signals reflected by the PCFG have a light path difference and are subjected to interferences when returning to the optical fiber coupler so that a comb filter effect is generated in an output spectrum of the filter.

Optical filter devices in accordance with the invention are based on tapered optical fibers having transversely distributed refractive index variations in a small diameter waist region where waves are propagated in combined cladding/air-guided modes. The grating has a periodicity selected for reflection of a selected center wavelength and the waist diameter and grating pattern split the wavelengths of the lossy cladding modes from the backreflected signals by more than 10 nm. Such wavelength selective optical fiber devices have a variety of applications. In one application, a tapered fiber grating with optical circulators is used to add or drop optical signals for communication via a common transmission path. In another application, the tapered fiber grating is used with grating assisted mode couplers and circulators to form an add/drop multiplexer. In another application, these components are used with optical switches to produce programmable add/drop filters and crossconnects.

The invention discloses a method for improving precision of stepped components in a laser spot-changing direct formation mode. The method includes the steps that a cladding test is performed firstly, the sectional width and height data of a single-track cladding layer under different technological parameters are obtained, orders of a sectional curve of the cladding layer under different aspect ratios are fitted out, and the function relationship between the orders of the sectional curve of the cladding layer under the different aspect ratios and the height and lifting capacity of the single-track cladding layer is built; then single step-shaped tracks corresponding to the same lifting capacity are built, the technological parameters of the laser spot-changing cladding single tracks are determined according to the single step-shaped tracks, and a highly-smooth cladding layer is formed in a cladding mode through laser spot-changing direct formation; after one cladding layer is completed, a spray nozzle is lifted by a layering height, new fusion tracks are formed in a cladding mode through the single step-shaped tracks, and operations circulate until manufacturing of a three-dimensional part is completed. By means of the method, the highly-smooth cladding layer is obtained, the phenomenon that the top of the cladding layer is not even and portions of small aspect ratios are prone to tension fracture is avoided, and the method improves formation precision and guarantees formation quality.

The invention relates to a laser cladding in-situ synthesis ceramic phase reinforced Fe-base cladding layer and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of laser cladding. In-situ synthesis ceramic hard phases mainly comprise TiC, TiB2 and B4C. The coating is prepared according to the following steps of: firstly pretreating a base body; then proportioning alloy power in proportion by adopting a synchronous powder delivery laser cladding mode, and then sufficiently mixing and drying to use as a cladding material; regulating the process parameters of laser cladding in the presence of argon, wherein the cladding material carries out in-situ reaction under the irradiation of laser energy to generate a ceramic hard phase and shows good metallurgical bonding with the base body. The coating disclosed by the invention is compact in tissue without pores or cracks, achieves the large microhardness value more than 1000 HV and has very good application prospect in the field of laser surface modification.

The invention discloses a magnetic field sensor based on a magnetic fluid and a micro-nanofiber evanescent field. The magnetic field sensor comprises a laser light source, a single mode fiber, a magnetic fluid, a micro-nanofiber, a photoelectric detector and a mode coupling element formed on the basis of welding. The laser light source is connected with the micro-nanofiber immersed in the magnetic fluid through the single mode fiber, when light is transmitted along the micro-nanofiber, a large part of energy is transmitted in the form of the evanescent field, the micro-nanofiber enhances the interaction between an optical field and an external substance, the change of an external magnetic field changes the refractive index of the magnetic fluid in which the micro-nanofiber is immersed, i.e. the refractive index of the surrounding environment of the micro-nanofiber is changed, a part of light is continuously propagated through a fiber core, the other part of light is conducted on the interface of the micro-nanofiber and the magnetic fluid in the form of the evanescent field, and after entering the ordinary single mode fiber at the rear end, the other part of light is coupled into a cladding layer. After the two parts of light pass the mode coupling element which is formed on the basis of welding, the cladding layer mode is coupled to the fiber core, and is interfered with the residual fiber core mode, and the two parts of light finally enter the photoelectric detector. Magnetic field information can be modulated by detecting the strength of the light after interference.

In a first aspect, the present invention comprises an optical filter comprising a fiber having a core and a cladding and a light-absorbing coating applied onto a portion of the fiber cladding, the coating attenuating loosely bound cladding modes. In another aspect, the invention comprises a fiber amplifier apparatus comprising fibers for delivering pump laser light and for monitoring signal light and at least one photodetector optically coupled to a monitoring fiber, wherein either an optical filter is disposed between a monitoring fiber and a photodetector or at least one of the fibers has a core and a cladding and a light-absorbing coating applied onto a portion of the fiber cladding. A method in accordance with the present invention includes providing an optical amplifier having fibers for delivering pump laser light and for monitoring signal light, and applying a light-absorbing coating onto a portion of one of said fibers.

A single-mode fiber of increased core size consists of a “few-mode” fiber, of core size sufficient for guiding up to three high-order modes in addition to the fundamental mode, by interposing perturbations of such spacing along the fiber, as to selectively couple any such high-order modes to (unguided) cladding modes, thereby rejecting all but the fundamental mode. Unwanted coupling of the fundamental mode, leading to added fiber loss, is minimized by appropriate refractive index profile design.

Multimode optical fiber local area networks, both intrabuilding and interbuilding, are optimized to take advantage of the wide wavelength operating range offered by co-pending patent application Ser. No. 10/408,076 “Enhanced Multimode Fiber”—a fiber provided both with: longitudinally spaced perturbations for inducing mode coupling and thereby lessening mode dispersion; and with a radial discontinuity for discouraging conversion of bound-to-cladding-modes and thereby lessening added loss previously associated with induced mode coupling.

Provided is a multi-cladding optical fiber which includes: a core with an average refractive index n1; and a cladding including an inner cladding with an average refractive index n2 formed on the periphery of the core, an intermediate cladding with an average refractive index n3 formed on the periphery of the inner cladding, and an outer cladding with an average refractive index n4 formed on the periphery of the intermediate cladding where n1>n2>n3>n4. Two or more axisymmetric modes exist in the core at a wavelength of the signal light; the two or more axisymmetric modes including a fundamental mode and at least a high-order mode. When the fiber is bent at a predetermined bending diameter, the high-order mode in the core disperses within the inner cladding due to coupling with an inner cladding mode, so that only the fundamental mode substantially propagates through the core.

The invention is directed toward an optical fiber that reduces the cladding mode coupling loss (CMCL) therein. The fiber includes a core, a cladding concentrically surrounding the core, and at least one lossy region concentrically surrounding the core. The lossy region is disposed within the cladding and is slightly displaced radially from the core.

Disclosed is a double LPFG temperature and humidity sensor. A temperature sensibilizing straight bar, a supporting straight bar and a metal casing are axially arranged between two sensing bodies, wherein a temperature sensitive LPFG is arranged on the temperature sensibilizing straight bar, a humidity sensitive LPFG is arranged in the metal casing, and tail fibers of the temperature sensitive LPFG and the humidity sensitive LPFG are welded together. When temperature and humidity in the external environment change, effective refractive indexes of a fundamental core mode and a cladding mode of the LPFG, grating period, resonant wavelength and refractive index change, then information of the temperature and the humidity of the environment can be obtained through detection of transmission wavelengths of the temperature sensitive LPFG and the humidity sensitive LPFG, and double parameters can be measured simultaneously. The double LPFG temperature and humidity sensor has the advantages of high measurement accuracy, simultaneous measurement of the temperature and the humidity, and the like; and can be used as the sensor which can measure the temperature and the humidity simultaneously.