The invention discloses a navigation device for observing polarized light characteristics of a
sky region with a maximum polarization degree, belonging to the field of navigation, and comprising a
sun sensor, two polarization sensors, a
triangular prism and a three-axis rotating platform. The sun is found through the
sun sensor, so that the
center of mass of the sun imaged in the
sun sensor is located at the origin of its coordinate
system; the solar
zenith meridian is found through the symmetry of the two polarization sensors imaging the
sky region with a maximum polarization degree, the direction cosine matrix and its inverse matrix from the carrier coordinate
system to the platform coordinate
system at the position are calculated, the solar
azimuth and altitude angle of the
observation point at that time are queried through the solar
ephemeris, the direction cosine matrix from the
geographic coordinate system to the platform coordinate system at the current position is calculated, and the direction cosine matrix from the navigation coordinate system to the carrier coordinate system is calculated to obtain the
yaw angle,
pitch angle and roll angle of the carrier and the heading of the carrier. The invention can observe the maximum polarization degree region in real time for orientation and
attitude determination, thereby improving the anti-interference ability of the navigation device.