The invention relates to a topology discovery method of space geological data based on an unstructured mode, mainly comprising three-level discovery containing topology core relationship generation, topology dynamic relationship search and topology error relationship correction. The topology discovery method based on the unstructured mode aims at different manners of obtaining the space geological data, space data distribution features and required functions and application of a model, and is designed by analysis of such complex geophysical phenomenon as fault, wrinkle, lenticle, intrusive rock and on the like, so that correlations of the space, the time and a structure among large and complex space geophysical data accumulated for a long period during the mining area geological exploration are determined, and the uniformity and the authenticity of the space, the time and the structure can be maintained; and therefore, the space expression ability and the time-space analysis efficiency of three-dimensional geophysical data can be strengthened, and the advanced science means for analyzing, forecasting and evaluating geological resources can be provided for geologists.