The invention provides an ultra-large-span cable-stayed bridge with thrust piers. The bridge comprises cable bent towers, the thrust piers, transition piers, mid-span main beams, side-span main beams,anchor span main beams, stay cables and expansion joints. The mid-span main beams and the side-span main beams are continuous, and the expansion joints are arranged between the anchor-span main beamsand the side-span main beams; the thrust piers are arranged between the side span main beams and the anchor span main beams, brackets are arranged at the positions, at the thrust piers, of the bottoms of the anchor span main beams, and anti-thrust supports are arranged between the brackets and the thrust piers. In the construction process, temporary support padstones which are made of sulfur concrete and internally provided with electric heating wires are arranged on the side span sides of the thrust piers, temporary brackets are arranged at the positions, at the thrust piers, of the bottomsof the side span main beams, and temporary anti-thrust supports are arranged between the temporary brackets and the temporary support padstones. The thrust piers are used for bearing the horizontal force of the anchor span main beams and serve as support for counteracting the horizontal force of the side span and anchor span main beams in the construction stage, expensive ground anchors can be omitted, and a cantilever construction method can be conveniently used for installing the mid-span main beams and converting a system after mid-span folding.