88 results about "Transport delay" patented technology

System and method for synchronizing clocks and maintaining packet timing relationships in a wireless communications system. A preferred embodiment further comprises periodically synchronizing local clocks at a transmitter and a receiver to a clock reference, adding a timestamp to each application packet at a transmitter of a wireless network, setting the timestamp to a value of a local time at the transmitter plus a link delay, buffering a received packet at a receiver, and releasing the buffered packet to an application level when a value of a local time at the receiver equals the timestamp value in the packet. This can help to ensure that the timing relationships between data packets present at a transmitter is maintained at a receiver, regardless of transport delays (waiting, transmission and processing) incurred by the data packets.

A method for stream synchronization of real-time multimedia transport over a packet network, in which the multimedia includes a first stream and a second stream which are buffered and played through buffers. The method includes: measuring average transport delays of the first and second streams; measuring transport delay jitters of the first and second streams; and calculating a delay difference between the first and second streams which corresponds to the average transport delays and the transport delay jitters of the first and second streams, and setting buffer durations. A device for stream synchronization of real-time multimedia transport over a packet network is also provided.

An engine with inertial integration and delay is controlled through the use of a disturbance estimator. Control logic includes a feed-forward control path driving a control input with a control signal. The feed-forward control path is designed to provide closed-loop control of the controlled parameter without the presence of transport delay. The disturbance estimator generates an estimate of the engine disturbance. A Smith predictor generates a compensation signal for the feed-forward control path based on the control signal and the engine disturbance estimate.

In recent years, copper wiring has emerged as a promising substitute for the aluminum wiring in integrated circuits, because copper offers lower electrical resistance and better reliability at smaller dimensions than aluminum. However, use of copper typically requires forming a diffusion barrier to prevent contamination of other parts of an integrated circuit and forming a seed layer to facilitate copper plating steps. Unfortunately, conventional methods of forming the diffusion barriers and seed layers require use of separate wafer-processing chambers, giving rise to transport delays and the introduction of defect-causing particles. Accordingly, the inventors devised unique wafer-processing chambers and methods of forming barrier and seed layers. One embodiment of the wafer-processing chamber includes equipment for physical vapor deposition and equipment for chemical vapor deposition to facilitate formation of diffusion barriers and seed layers within one chamber, thereby promoting fabrication efficiency and reducing defects.

When transporting delay-sensitive traffics such as voice, video and radar data over Internet Protocol (IP), control of end-to-end delay becomes a challenge. Typical approaches tie up bandwidths for entire duration of call. Second thing they do, is prioritization of certain classes over others, to control queuing delays, but this prioritization, remains at class-level and does not go to individual session-levels. As a result certain sessions within a class get more delay than others. Depending upon situation, it can cause adverse effects to certain QoS sessions. In our invention we have developed an intelligent priority scheme which adapts serving priorities of sessions to control ETE delay of each individual QoS session. Priority adapting mechanism is based on feedback control which measures ETE delay of QoS session at destination node and broadcasts it to all nodes along the route of the session to adapt session's priorities to control ETE delay.

Methods and systems are provided for improving engine knock tolerance, in particular when rapidly ramping in LP-EGR from low levels of EGR. Until a desired LP-EGR rate is achieved, fuel may be delivered as a split injection with at least an intake stroke injection and a compression stroke injection to compensate for the transport delay in EGR filling the intake system. Subsequently, single fuel injection may be resumed.

In one embodiment, an apparatus for providing a gas mixture of a plurality of gases, may have a plurality of mass flow controllers (MFCs), a mixing manifold in fluid connection with each plurality of MFCs, a plurality of mixing manifold exits positioned on the mixing manifold; and an isolation device in fluid connection with each of the plurality of mixing manifold exits.

An embodiment of the disclosure provides a method and apparatus for reducing the delay in vehicle-to-vehicle communication. The method comprises the steps of allocating separate scheduling allocation resource pools for messages with different delay requirements; and performing frequency division multiplexing of a scheduling allocation resource pool for a first message requiring a lower delay and a corresponding data resource pool, to reduce the transmission delay of the first message. Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the disclosure are effective in reducing the transmission delay of the emergency message, thus satisfying the delay requirements for vehicle safety message communication.

A system includes a parameter generation system to determine at least one parameter for an injection procedure (for example, a parameter of an injection protocol or an imaging system parameter), the parameter generator system includes a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model to model propagation of a contrast medium injected into a patient including at least one of a non-linear saturation term in a peripheral venous compartment, at least one configurable transport delay term through at least one compartment, or an adaptation to model volumetric flow rate of blood and an effect thereof on the propagation of contrast medium after injection of contrast medium ceases. The physiologically based pharmacokinetic model can, for example, be discretizable.

A method and apparatus estimate hydrogen concentration in a reformate stream produced by a fuel processor of a fuel cell. A sensor measures carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and water in the reformate stream. A fuel meter controls fuel input to the fuel processor. An air meter controls air input to the fuel processor. A water meter controls water input to the fuel processor. A transport delay estimator recursively estimates transport delay of the fuel processor. A hydrogen estimator associated with the transport delay estimator, the air, water and fuel meters, and the sensor estimates hydrogen concentration in the reformate stream. The hydrogen estimator includes a fuel processor model that is adjusted using the estimated transport delay. The carbon monoxide, the carbon dioxide and the water are measured using a nondispersive infrared (NDIR) sensor.

The invention relates to a man-machine sharing steering control method of an intelligent automobile, aims to improve path tracking performance of the intelligent automobile and the operation comfort of a driver in a time delay communication environment, and belongs to the field of intelligent automobile driving auxiliary systems. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a pedestrian-automobile-road system model; determining a system control target; and solving the gain of the shared steering controller, calculating the required active steering angle, and carrying out the online control of the intelligent automobile. The automobile path tracking precision can be effectively improved, and the operation comfort of the driver can be increased. Particularly, a time delay phenomenon in a control loop is considered in man-machine sharing steering control of the intelligent automobile, and the delay comprises three types of network induction delay, signal transmission delay and actuator delay so that the path tracking performance of the automobile is ensured, and meanwhile, the robustness is relatively high, and the method has superiority in a time delay environment.

The invention discloses a method of the boundary switch in multi-transport-type Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system, which comprises the following steps: when a mobile station detects that a pilot strength from the cell neighboring the mobile station cell is up to the soft handoff threshold, the mobile station reports a Pilot Strength Measurement Message containing the information of the neighboring cell to the base station. The base station obtains the attribute information of the mobile station cell and the neighboring cell from the mobile station. If both cells are of the same transport type, the mobile station is informed of an execution of the soft handoff. If not, the mobile station is informed of an execution of the hard handoff. The invention solves the problem of the failure of the soft handoff due to the different transport delay and achieves a high-quality switch of the mobile station in a mixed network consisting of cells of different transport type through the judgment of the cell transport attribute of the base station controller and the flexible adoption of the soft handoff process and the hard handoff process, which reduces the disconnection rate and improves the network quality and the user experience.

The invention discloses a field bus interface for a bus type detection element of a numerical control machine, which is used for communication between a position detection element on the numerical control machine and an external control module of the numerical control machine. The interface comprises a field programmable gate array (FPGA), an Ethernet physical layer (PHY) chip, a network transformer and a twisted pair joint, wherein the field programmable gate array (FPGA) is used for the transmission buffer and reception buffer of data, and protocol processing; the Ethernet physical layer (PHY) chip communicates with the field programmable gate array (FPGA), and is used for transmitting and receiving the data and converting differential analogue signals transmitted in a network into digital signals for the processing of the field programmable gate array (FPGA); the network transformer is connected with the Ethernet physical layer (PHY) chip, and is used for isolating the signals; and the twisted pair joint is connected with the network transformer, and is used for transmitting and receiving the analogue signals. The field bus interface can increase the communication rate of a bus to 100M and reduce transmission delay to be within one microsecond, and meets the requirements of high-speed and high-accuracy machining of the conventional numerical control machine.

An apparatus and method for detecting an abnormal air-fuel ratio variation between cylinders of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine in which the output of an air-fuel ratio sensor is acquired at each sampling interval, a parameter correlated with the degree of fluctuation of the sensor output is calculated from a plurality of the acquired sensor outputs, and the presence or absence of the abnormal air-fuel ratio variation between cylinders is determined by comparing the parameter with a determination value. A cylinder air amount is estimated at each sampling interval. Every time the air-fuel ratio sensor output is acquired, the value of the cylinder air amount at the point earlier, by a transport delay time, than the point of the acquisition is determined based on the time-series data, and a corresponding determination value corresponding thereto is calculated. The determination value is determined based on a plurality of the calculated corresponding determination values.

The invention relates to a thermoelectric cooperative regulation and control method and system based on heat supply network transmission time delay and heat storage characteristics. The thermoelectriccooperative regulation and control method comprises the steps of constructing a heat supply load change curve of each time sequence segment in a scheduling period; evaluating the transmission delay of the heat supply network; describing the maximum heat storage capacity of the generalized energy storage system according to the transmission delay of the heat supply network; establishing a heat storage and release scheme of the generalized energy storage system for the corresponding time sequence fragments according to the heat supply load change curve, and establishing constraint conditions; constructing a quality regulation delayed heat supply feasibility scheme solution set according to the maximum heat storage capacity and the like; constructing a real-time heat supply quantity adjustment feasibility scheme solution set corresponding to the quality adjustment delay heat supply feasibility scheme solution set; and establishing a target function according to the heat supply load change curve so as to obtain a thermoelectric cooperative regulation and control strategy in the current scheduling period, thereby effectively relieving the frequent and large-amplitude fluctuation operation state of the unit operation load caused by the change of the electric load demand and the insufficient heat supply caused by the limitation of the thermoelectric load production matching relationship of the unit.