The invention relates to the technical field of leather shoe manufacturing, and discloses a leather shoe leather dyeing device based on the planetary gear transmission principle. The device comprisesa fixing frame. A lifting block is slidably connected in the fixing frame. A toothed bar is movably connected to the interior of the lifting block; a positioning block is movably connected to the interior of the lifting block, a shifting rod is fixedly connected to the exterior of the positioning block, a positioning pawl is movably connected to the interior of the positioning block, a lifting plate is fixedly connected to the exterior of the lifting block, a pressing rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting plate, and a cover plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressing rod. With cooperative use of the lifting block, the toothed bar, the positioning block, the shifting rod rod and the positioning pawl, the cover plate and the inner screen frame are controlled to ascend and descend through the toothed bar, the stability of the equipment is guaranteed through the positioning pawl, operation is easy, control is easy, smooth dyeing work is effectively guaranteed,and the phenomenon that the inner screen frame falls off in the ascending and fixing process is effectively avoided.