68results about How to "Low complexity" patented technology

An improved term addressable memory of an accelerator system and method includes a mechanism for performing predetermined plurality of pattern matches of packets to classify them for use with stateful protocol processing units that can resolve session data spread across multiple data packets and process them for the ultimate destination. The invention replaces a conventional content addressable memory with a term addressable memory, whereby redundant terms are recorded with a single memory entry. Two classes of terms are used to match packet addresses and application ports, as well as a much smaller session CAM that matches the aggregate match of all terms to a specific session.

An apparatus comprises a receiver (203) which receives a microphone signal from a microphone (201) where the microphone signal comprises a test signal component corresponding to an audio test signal. A divider (215) divides the microphone signal into a plurality of test interval signal components, each of which corresponds to the microphone signal in a time interval. A set processor (217) generates sets of test interval signal components and a similarity processor (219) generates a similarity value for each set. An interference estimator (221) determines an interference measure for individual test interval signal components in response to the similarity values. The interference measure may be used to select signal segments that can be used to adapt an audio processing algorithm which is applied to the microphone signal, such as e.g. speech enhancement or echo cancellation. The approach may allow for a reliable interference estimate to be generated while maintaining low complexity.

Several open-loop calibration techniques for phase-locked-loop circuits (PLL) that provide a process, temperature and divider modulus independence for the loop bandwidth and damping factor are disclosed. Two categories of open-loop techniques are presented. The first method uses only a single measurement of the output frequency from the oscillator and adjusts a single PLL loop element that performs a simultaneous calibration of both the loop bandwidth and damping factor. The output frequency is measured for a given value of the oscillator control signal and the charge-pump current is adjusted such that it cancels the process variation of the oscillator gain. The second method uses two separate and orthogonal calibration steps, both of them based on the measurement of the output frequency from the oscillator when a known excitation is applied to the open loop signal path. In the first step the loop bandwidth is calibrated by adjusting the charge-pump current based on the measurement of the forward path gain when applying a constant phase shift between the two clocks that go to the phase frequency detector, while the integral path is hold to a constant value. During the second step the damping factor is calibrated by adjusting the value of the integral loop filter capacitor based on the measurement of the oscillator output frequency when excited with a voltage proportional with the integral capacitor value, while the proportional control component is zeroed-out.

Disclosed are a frame error concealment method and apparatus and an audio decoding method and apparatus. The frame error concealment (FEC) method includes: selecting an FEC mode based on at least one of a state of at least one frame and a phase matching flag, with regard to a time domain signal generated after time-frequency inverse transform processing; and performing corresponding time domain error concealment processing on the current frame based on the selected FEC mode, wherein the current frame is an error frame or the current frame is a normal frame when the previous frame is an error frame.

A robot vision system for outputting a disparity map includes a stereo camera for receiving left and right images and outputting a disparity map between the two images; an encoder for encoding either the left image or the right image into a motion compensation-based video bit-stream; and a decoder for extracting an encoding type of an image block, a motion vector, and a DCT coefficient from the video bit-stream. Further, the system includes a person detector for detecting and labeling person blocks in the image using the disparity map between the left image and the right image, the block encoding type, and the motion vector, and detecting a distance from the labeled person to the camera; and an obstacle detector for detecting a closer obstacle than the person using the block encoding type, the motion vector, and the DCT coefficient extracted from the video bit-stream, and the disparity map.

This invention relates to a method and apparatus for channel estimation. A method of determining a maximum likelihood frequency domain estimate of the channel response of a channel between at least one transmitting peer and at least one receiving peer, the method comprising transmitting N_U reference tones from the transmitting peer to the receiving peer; capturing the N_U reference tones at the receiving peer; and determining at the receiving peer from the N_U reference tones the maximum likelihood frequency domain estimate of the channel response at N_F predetermined frequencies by directly exploiting the finiteness of the time response of the channel.

The invention relates to the generation of error correction data for available data packets 53 and to the reconstruction of missing data packets based on available data packets and available error correction data. In order to enable an efficient error correction, the data packets 53 are distributed at an encoding end to at least one block of data symbols 54, each data symbol 54 being of equal size (steps 403,404). Then all data symbols 54 of a respective block are used in an encoding operation for forming a respective one of at least one error correction symbol 56 for this block (step 405). At a decoding end, received data packets 83 are distributed again to a block of data symbols 84 and missing data packets are reconstructed based on these data symbols 84 and on error correction symbols 86 associated to the block.

A method for detecting music in a speech signal having a plurality of frames. The method comprises defining a music threshold value for a first parameter extracted from a frame of the speech signal, defining a background noise threshold value for the first parameter, and defining an unsure threshold value for the first parameter. The unsure threshold value falls between the music threshold value and the background noise threshold value. If the first parameter falls between the music threshold value and the background noise threshold value, the speech signal is classified as music or background noise based on analyzing a plurality of first parameters extracted from the plurality of frames.

An improved receiver for a multicarrier-based MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) system is provided. A MIMO receiving apparatus includes a detection priority decision unit, which receives via N receiving antennas signals transmitted from M transmitting antennas and determines the detection priorities of the signals, and a signal detector, which successively detects the signals in a decreasing order from a signal having a higher priority according to the detection priorities determined by the detection priority decision unit. System complexity can be reduced by minimizing the number of the inverse matrix calculations required for an SIC mechanism using one MIMO DFE and MISO DFEs corresponding to the number of transmitting antennas.

A multilayer preparation in the form of films of hydrophilic polymers for rapid release of substances present in the film layers into liquid surroundings is characterized in that adjacent layers differ from one another in that in each case one layer is soluble in a nonaqueous solvent in which the respective adjacent layer is insoluble or only slightly soluble.

A method and apparatus for performing channel estimation in an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) wireless communication system. The method and apparatus includes receiving a training sequence at each of a plurality of predetermined subcarriers; performing primary channel estimation on each of the training sequences by a Least Square (LS) algorithm; grouping the subcarriers into a predetermined number of subgroups, and acquiring a linear filter coefficient for each of the subgroups based on a channel estimate acquired for each of the subcarriers by the primary channel estimation; and performing secondary channel estimation on each of the subcarriers by performing a Minimum Mean-Square Error (MMSE) algorithm based on the linear filter coefficient of each subgroup.

A method and apparatus for measurement event synchronization of a portable radio communication apparatus providing multiple radio access technologies, wherein an idle gap is identified between transceiver activities of a first radio access technology device, and an execute signal is sent to a second radio access technology device for initiating inter radio access technology measurements of the second radio access technology device, to be performed during the gap.

A digital subscriber line transmission system using QAM modulation on several equally spaced discrete tones, uses, at a high transmission rate, N=2048/p or 4096/p tones spaced by 4.3125p KHz, where p is a power of 2.

A method for data transmission between a first peer device (P1) in a first peer-to-peer network (P2P1) and a target peer device (P2′) in a second peer-to-peer network (P2P2), where each peer device (P1, P1′, P2′) has a node address (NID1, NID1′, NID2′) in its respective peer-to-peer network (P2P1, P2P2) and a network address (IP1, IP1′, IP2′) in a superordinate communication network (IN), with a search request (S1) for the target peer device (P2′) being sent from the first peer-to-peer network (P2P1) to at least one second peer device (P1′) in the second peer-to-peer network (P2P2) with a statement indicating the network address (IP1) C of the first peer device (P1).

A radio receiver including a memory storing a reference sample sequence and a synchronizer. The synchronizer receives a data packet, samples and modulates symbols from the data packet and then generates phase-information samples from the modulated samples. The phase-information samples are low-pass to generate a filtered phase-information sample sequence. Samples of the filtered phase-information sample sequence are selectively compared with samples of the reference sample sequence and bit synchronization is established when a selected number of samples of the filtered phase-information sample sequence match a selected number of samples of the reference sample sequence.

A method, and components for performing such method, is provided for synchronizing multiple user signals in a multi-user communication system. An interference matrix is generated based on time delay and frequency offset information for the active users accessing an OFDMA uplink receiver. User signals are received from the active users and are segmented into blocks, and the interference matrix is applied to each of the blocks. The received user signal is OFDM demodulated and un-used sub-carriers are discarded. Typically, the method includes also applying a factorization matrix formed by factoring a correction matrix created from the interference matrix and an inverse matrix formed based on the factoring results to the user signal blocks, e.g., the correction step includes multiplying each of the blocks from the user signal by each of these three matrices. The corrected user blocks are then concatenated to form a corrected vector signal.

Provided is an interference cancellation method by a User Equipment (UE) in a cellular communication system. The method includes receiving a signal including a desired signal and an interference signal from at least one base station; determining a universal constellation diagram based on at least one of a transmission parameter of the desired signal and a transmission parameter of the interference signal; blindly detecting an additional transmission parameter of the interference signal using the determined universal constellation diagram; and cancelling the interference signal from the received signal using the detected additional transmission parameter.

A channel estimator for determining channel weighting coefficients for a finger of the RAKE receiver. The channel estimator comprises: 1) a first correlator for receiving a first pilot channel signal and correlating the first pilot channel signal with a first pilot channel chip pattern associated with the first pilot channel signal to produce an output comprising a first pilot channel symbol sequence; and 2) a first channel estimation filter capable of receiving the first pilot channel symbol sequence and generating first channel weighting coefficients. The first channel estimation filter minimizes the mean squared error of the channel estimate in the first channel weighting coefficients caused by additive noise and Doppler effects, wherein the mean squared error is minimized across a range of Doppler frequencies from 0 Hz up to a predetermined maximum Doppler frequency.

A modulation/demodulation apparatus for the encoding and decoding of data, for example in a Bluetooth/WLAN/PHS multi-mode system based on software defined radio comprises an encoding system to encode data according to a plurality of modulation schemes and a decoding system to decode according to the plurality of modulation schemes the encoded data from the encoding system. The encoding system comprises a number of encoding look-up tables which include encoding data for encoding data according to the plurality of modulation schemes, the encoding data for a plurality of the modulation schemes being identical. Similarly, the decoding system comprises a number of decoding look-up tables for decoding the encoded data received from the encoding system. The decoding look-up tables comprise decoding data for decoding data according to the plurality of modulation schemes, the decoding data for a plurality of the modulation schemes being identical. Also disclosed is a method for encoding/decoding data.

A surface mount, even harmonic mixer is preferably used in point-to-multipoint millimeter wave transceivers. The mixer includes an anti-parallel series arrangement of diodes in one or more ring quads to increase the input 1 dB compression point and third-order input intercept point (IP3), while maintaining the benefits inherent with even harmonic mixing.

A bandgap reference circuit provided for generating an output reference substantially independent of temperature and power includes a first reference signal generator, a first impedance, a second reference signal generator and a second impedance. The first reference signal generator can generate a first reference signal proportional to absolute temperature. The second reference signal generator generates a second reference signal complementary to absolute temperature according to the first reference signal. The second impedance, the serially-coupled first impedance and second reference signal generator, and the first reference signal generator are coupled in parallel between two nodes. The bandgap reference circuit outputs the output reference voltage through the two nodes. According to an embodiment of the invention, the bandgap reference circuit can be implemented by an additional circuit of lower complexity to obtain a lower reference voltage.

A soft trellis slicer is provided in a high definition television (HDTV) receiver. The soft trellis slicer calculates a decision value and a confidence value corresponding to a phase angle error of a signal processed by the receiver. The receiver includes an equalizer, a phase tracking loop and a trellis decoder. The equalizer provides an equalized signal to the phase tracking loop; and the phase tracking loop calculates a phase angle error for the equalized signal. The trellis decoder calculates a decision value and a confidence value. The trellis decoder provides the decision value and the confidence value to the phase tracking loop, which calculates the reliability of the phase angle error based upon the phase angle error and the decision value and the confidence value provided by the trellis decoder. The trellis decoder calculates the decision value based upon a best path metric and calculates the confidence value based upon the best path metric and a second best path metric.

A tilt adapter configured to facilitate a desired tilt of a first radio frequency (RF) band and a second RF band of an antenna is disclosed. The antenna supports two or more frequency bands, in which the vertical tilt of each of the supported frequency bands is separately controlled by a coarse level of phase shifting, but commonly controlled by a fine level of phase shifting.

An optical connector system for reversible optical connection between two optical fibers (102, 104) with their end parts inside respective ferrules. A receptacle arrangement has a receiving body (105) for receiving at least one of the ferrules (103). An optical element (106) of the receptacle arrangement serves to provide optical connection between the two optical fibers in a connected state of the optical connector system, and at the same time, the optical element (106) serves as a sterility barrier between the two optical fibers. The optical element (106) can be an optical waveguide, e.g. a piece of optical fiber similar to the two optical fibers (102, 104), and arranged within the receiving body (105). Alternatively, the optical element may be a thin flexible membrane (207, 307) which is optically transparent. As a further alternative, the optical element may be a sterilizing fluid (409) arranged inside a container that can be punctured upon insertion of one of the ferrules (401, 403) into the container (408), to allow an optical fiber end to be sterilized by the fluid (409) prior to entering into the connected state. In a further embodiment, an optical lens (312) is used to project light from one fiber end through a membrane (307) to the opposite fiber end.

A method and device for wireless data transmission between a base station and one or more transponders, in which electromagnetic carrier waves are emitted by the base station and symbols are transmitted from a given transponder to the base station by modulation and backscattering of the electromagnetic carrier waves, wherein a change in a modulation state takes place synchronously with synchronization markers transmitted by the base station. A change in the modulation state is carried out by a transponder with a specifiable time delay that is relative to the synchronization markers.

A wireless communication system has at least one user-side-device and a base-station. The at least one user-side-device and the base-station are configured to communicate with each other via a satellite applying a timing-advance-value (TA) for synchronizing an uplink of the communication. The base-station is configured to provide the at least one user-side-device with a satellite-connecting-signal concerning an uplink towards the satellite, the satellite-connecting-signal providing configuration information in order to establish and adjust the uplink to the satellite. The at least one user-side-device is configured to perform an adjustment of the timing-advance-value for a pre-compensation of at least one synchronization offset of an uplink in case the at least one user-side-device receives the satellite-connecting-signal, the satellite-connecting-signal including a granting-signal indicating the user-side-device the allowance to adjust the timing-advance-value. Responsive to the granting-signal, the at least one user-side-device is configured to automatically adjust the timing-advance-value for an unlimited time or for a certain period of time, until the at least one user-side-device receives a new TA adjustment configuration.

A frequency synthesizer usable in a wireless communication device is disclosed that may ensure a low phase noise and an improved performance. The frequency synthesizer has a phase locked loop comprising a controllable oscillator generating an output signal with an output frequency that can be adjusted within a predefined frequency range dependent on the value of a first control signal. A phase/frequency detector generates an error signal in response to a phase and/or frequency difference between an input signal generated by frequency dividing said output signal, and a reference signal. A loop filter generates the first control signal based on said error signal and outputs same to the controllable oscillator. A control unit generates a second control signal from the loop filter signal and provides the second control signal to the controllable oscillator, which is arranged for modifying the predefined frequency range based on the second control signal.

A digital cueing radio receiver system embodied using digital memory in lieu of analog delay lines and thereby avoiding delay line implementation difficulties. The cueing receiver system includes a wideband receiver portion providing an output signal employed for tuning a narrowband receiver portion of the system. Signal delay enabling use of the wideband receiver portion output signals for tuning the narrow band receiver portion selection frequency is provided by a digital memory circuit operating on analog-to-digital converted samples of input signal data of the receiver system. Approximated unity value related mathematical multiplication free Kernel function values are employed in the Fourier transformation. Avoidance of analog delay line-elements in embodying the system is a significant practical advantage of the invention.

A symbol detection method for an MIMO system based on path finding, which is a novel nonlinear signal detection algorithm called the MACO (Modified Ant Colony Optimization) algorithm in the present invention. The MACO algorithm is improved from the conventional ant colony optimization algorithm and applied to an MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) system. The MIMO system increases the utility efficiency of spectrum but computational complexity of signal detection in the receiving terminals is suffered. The present invention simulates the foraging behavior of ants and pheromone to achieve superior performance and low computational complexity in signal detection of an MIMO system.

A reduced complexity short range wireless communication system and method are described providing a very low complexity, low cost, and low power version of Bluetooth Wireless Technology. In one embodiment, the low complexity version relies upon mechanisms and procedures already present in existing standards, such as Version 1.2 of the Bluetooth Specification. In this embodiment, the inventive method and apparatus take advantage of essential mechanisms and procedures already present in the Bluetooth Specification, while eliminating the need for the parts of the Bluetooth Specification that are not required by very low complexity devices.