The invention relates to an automatic adjusting mechanism for the distance between every two finger boards of a two-layer platform of a drilling workover rig and belongs to the technical field of exploitation of petroleum and natural gas. The mechanism consists of the fixed finger boards, the sliding finger boards, the overturning finger boards, worms, worm wheels, gears, motors, racks, sliding seats, transmission shafts and the like. Each overturning finger board is overturned to a position which does not influence pipe arrangement through synchronous driving of the motors, and meanwhile, thesliding finger boards slide to the required positions in parallel, so that the distance between every two finger boards is adjusted in order to adapt to the change of the diameters of different pipecolumns; automatic adjustment can be achieved remotely through only one key, staff have no need to carry out high-altitude operation on the two-layer platform, and then the requirement for placing pipe columns different in diameter can be met by a finger board frame; time and labor are saved, and the operation is safe and reliable. The mechanism solves the problems that when the diameters of pipecolumns of finger boards on existing two-layer platforms are changed, finger board frames need to be integrally disassembled and replaced or the finger boards are pried manually one by one, correspondingly the operation is inconvenient, and the high-altitude operation is high in dangerousness. The mechanism is particularly suitable for being matched with a pipe arrangement manipulator of the automated two-layer platform.