The invention relates to a calcium ion exchange porous starch hemostatic material and its preparation method and application. The calcium ion exchange porous starch hemostatic material of the present invention is prepared from starch through gelatinization, emulsification, pore formation, crosslinking and calcium ion exchange, and its raw materials include: starch, oil phase, porogen, emulsifier, calcium chloride, crosslinking agent and the remainder of water. The hemostatic material is made porous by ethanol alkali method to increase its specific surface area, cross-linked to increase its structural stability, reversed-phase microemulsion technology to control its particle size distribution, and the surface is modified with calcium ions to enhance its hemostatic performance , biodegradability and biocompatibility. The calcium ion-exchanged porous starch hemostatic material provided by the present invention has rich sources of main raw materials, good safety, and no residue, and can be widely used in the hemostasis application of substantive organs in the body and irregular bleeding such as diffuse bleeding, and does not require debridement after hemostasis , the hemostatic effect can continue to the postoperative period, and it can be degraded and absorbed in the human body after the postoperative period.