The invention discloses a method and a system for purifying NMP in coating process of a lithium ion battery, and belongs to the field of NMP purification. The NMP purification method comprises the following steps: S1, primary condensation, S2, gas compression, S3, NMP separation, S4, NMP collection, S5, high boiling point impurity separation, and S6, NMP pure liquid obtaining. The NMP purification system comprises a pre-cooling surface air cooler, a first NMP liquid storage tank, a compressor, a separation assembly, a pressure buffer assembly, a negative pressure flash tank, a vacuum pump, a vacuum condenser and an NMP pure liquid tank, the pre-cooling surface air cooler is connected with the compressor and the first NMP liquid storage tank, the compressor is connected with the separation assembly, the separation assembly is connected with the pressure buffer assembly, the pressure buffer assembly is connected with the negative pressure flash tank, the negative pressure flash tank is connected with the vacuum pump, and the vacuum condenser is connected between the vacuum pump and the negative pressure flash tank. According to the invention, the system structure can be simplified, recovery and purification are facilitated, then butt joint with production is facilitated, effective recycling of NMP is realized, and the cost is reduced.