The invention relates to an animal fragment injury device, and belongs to the technical field of animal test devices. The animal fragment injury device comprises a base, a compression chamber, a fragment generator, a supercharger and a protective cover, wherein the compression chamber is a closed shell, and openings are formed in the two ends of the shell; the fragment generator comprises an energy accumulation pipe and a fragment generation mechanism, and the fragment generation mechanism comprises a cover body, a sheet and a plurality of fragments; the supercharger is a high-pressure air compressor; the sheet is provided with cracks; and the protective cover at least comprises a framework layer, a heat absorption layer stacked outside the framework layer and an energy absorption layer arranged outside the heat absorption layer in a sealed mode, and the energy absorption layer is a membrane made of elastic materials. According to the animal fragment injury device, the air pressure mode is used for replacing a traditional mode that fragments are generated by means of shell explosion, safety is remarkably improved, cost is remarkably reduced, pressure is released at the moment whenworking pressure is reached, namely that high pressure and release are completed at the same time, and the requirement for equipment is lowered.