The invention relates to a distributed magnetic
resonance underground water detection device and method. The device comprises an excitation device, a polarization device, an air receiving structure carrying an array type cold coil sensor and a detection coil to which the air receiving structure belongs. A polarization
transmitter determines the positions of the polarization
transmitter and the airborne receiving structure through a
position analysis module and determines whether the polarization
transmitter outputs the signals or not. During detection, the polarization device polarizes a watersource to enhance the amplitude of a magnetic
resonance signal; after the polarization current is quickly and stably turned off, the excitation device outputs instantaneous local Larmor frequency pulses to excite
hydrogen protons in water; after excitation is stopped, the
hydrogen protons return to the initial
energy level, and an array type cold coil sensor is used for collecting magnetic
resonance signals; and finally, the
signal is transmitted to a handheld terminal through a
wireless module to be displayed and stored. The distributed transmitting structure and the array type cold coil areused for detecting underground water, the advantages of being high in
noise immunity, capable of achieving multi-dimensional fine imaging and high in efficiency are achieved, and the underground water exploration range is expanded.