621results about How to "Small and light" patented technology

There is provided an optical element for an illumination system for wavelengths of ≦193 nm. The illumination sytem includes a light source, a field plane, an exit pupil, and a plurality of facets. The plurality of facets receives light from the light source and guides the light to a plurality of discrete points in the field plane. The plurality of discrete points collectively illuminate a field in the field plane, and each of the plurality of facets illuminates a region of the exit pupil.

LED epitaxial layers (n-type, p-type, and active layers) are grown on a substrate. For each die, the n and p layers are electrically bonded to a package substrate that extends beyond the boundaries of the LED die such that the LED layers are between the package substrate and the growth substrate. The package substrate provides electrical contacts and conductors leading to solderable package connections. The growth substrate is then removed. Because the delicate LED layers were bonded to the package substrate while attached to the growth substrate, no intermediate support substrate for the LED layers is needed. The relatively thick LED epitaxial layer that was adjacent the removed growth substrate is then thinned and its top surface processed to incorporate light extraction features. There is very little absorption of light by the thinned epitaxial layer, there is high thermal conductivity to the package because the LED layers are directly bonded to the package substrate without any support substrate therebetween, and there is little electrical resistance between the package and the LED layers so efficiency (light output vs. power input) is high. The light extraction features of the LED layer further improves efficiency.

Several systems and a method are taught for rapid modulation of a light beam in lidar and other imaging. Most of these involve micromechanical and other very small control components. One such unit is a light-switching fabric, based on displacement of liquid in a tube that crosses a junction of two optical waveguides. In some forms, the fabric is preferably flexible to enable folding or coiling to form a two-dimensional face that interacts with optical-fiber ends an opposed fiber bundle. The rapid operation of the switch fabric enables it to be used as a beam-splitter, separating incoming and return beams; and also to form pulses from supplied CW light. Other control components include micromechanical mirrors (e. g. MEMS mirrors) operated in arrays or singly, liquid-crystal devices, and other controlled-birefringence cells. Some of these devices are placed within an optical system for directional light-beam steering.

A biomarker generator system for producing approximately one (1) unit dose of a biomarker. The biomarker generator system includes a small, low-power particle accelerator (“micro-accelerator”) and a radiochemical synthesis subsystem having at least one microreactor and / or microfluidic chip. The micro-accelerator is provided for producing approximately one (1) unit dose of a radioactive substance, such as a substance that emits positrons. The radiochemical synthesis subsystem is provided for receiving the radioactive substance, for receiving at least one reagent, and for synthesizing the approximately one (1) unit dose of a biomarker.

A bi-directional communication system comprising a base apparatus and a display apparatus. The display apparatus is a portable liquid crystal display for viewing video programs and browsing the internet. The base apparatus contains a television tuner for receiving broadcast signals and wirelessly transmits programming to the display apparatus. An infrared remote control device connected to the base apparatus is used to control various external input devices (e.g., a VCR or DVD player). Control menus for the base apparatus and the external input device can be displayed on the display apparatus. The display apparatus contains a touch screen, so that a user can select operational commands for controlling the base apparatus and external input devices. The display apparatus wirelessly transmits selected operational commands to the base apparatus, which then retransmits the commands to the appropriate external input device using the infrared remote control device.

A portable terminal apparatus with TV function and a TV antenna with function as an input pen, in which the TV antenna is integrated with the input pen for the touch panel while ensuring sufficient sensitivity so that the internal space of the apparatus is effectively utilized, thus rendering the apparatus smaller and lighter. In the case of using a TV antenna with function as an input pen as an input pen, a mounting operation portion is pushed in a longitudinal direction with a fingertip for pushing it into the apparatus. Thereby, the hold state of the apparatus is released by a function of a latch switch, and the TV antenna with function as an input pen is pushed out to be pulled out of the apparatus. That is, the cellular phone has a configuration in which the TV antenna with function as an input pen cannot be pushed to be detached from the apparatus unless the user contracts a multistage antenna section and houses it completely in a pen body.

The light emitting device has a substrate, metallization including silver established on the surface of the substrate, a light emitting element mounted on the substrate, conducting wire that electrically connects the metallization and the light emitting element, light reflective resin provided on the substrate to reflect light from the light emitting element, and insulating material that covers at least part of the metallization surfaces. The insulating material is established to come in contact with the side of the light emitting element. This arrangement can suppress the leakage of light emitting element light from the substrate, and can achieve a light emitting device with high light extraction efficiency.

A permanent magnet in which the magnetization direction varies with location to optimize or restrict a magnetic field property in a selected direction at a selected point. The magnetic field property may be, for example, the transverse magnetic field, axial magnetic field, axial gradient of the transverse magnetic field, transverse gradient of the transverse magnetic field, axis gradient of the axial magnetic field, transverse gradient of the axial magnetic field, the product of the transverse magnetic field and the transverse gradient of the transverse magnetic field, the product of the transverse magnetic field and the axial gradient of the transverse magnetic field, the product of the axial magnetic field and the transverse gradient of the axial magnetic field, or the product of the axial magnetic field and the axial gradient of the axial magnetic field. The magnet may be formed of one or more segments in which the magnetization direction varies smoothly and continuously, or the magnet may be formed of a plurality of segments in which the magnetization direction is constant. A method of making and using such magnets is also disclosed.

A touch screen display includes; a first substrate, a lower sensor electrode disposed on the first substrate, a second substrate disposed substantially opposite to the first substrate, a sensor spacer disposed on the second substrate and aligned with the lower sensor electrode, a common electrode disposed on the second substrate, an upper sensor electrode disposed on the sensor spacer and connected to the common electrode, and a cutout disposed at an edge of the upper sensor electrode, wherein when touch pressure is applied to the first or second substrate, a change in capacitance is generated due to a change in a distance between the lower sensor electrode and the upper sensor electrode at a touch position, such that the touch position is detected on the basis of the change in capacitance.

A method and instrument to irradiate a light adjustable lens, for example, inside a human eye, with an appropriate amount of radiation in an appropriate intensity pattern by first measuring aberrations in the optical system containing the lens; aligning a source of the modifying radiation so as to impinge the radiation onto the lens in a pattern that will null the aberrations. The quantity of the impinging radiation is controlled by controlling the intensity and duration of the irradiation. The pattern is controlled and monitored while the lens is irradiated.

Apparatus and method for harvesting energy from the environment and / or other external sources and converting it to useful electrical energy. The harvester does not contain a permanent magnet or other local field source but instead relies on the earth's magnetic field of another source of a magnetic field that is external to the sensing device. One advantage of these new harvesters is that they can be made smaller and lighter than energy harvesters that contain a magnet and / or an inertial mass.

Device and method for generating brief strong current pulses in a coil for generating magnetic field pulses which according to the electromagnetic induction principle induce stimulation currents in the body tissue triggering an action potential of the nerve and / or muscle cells, where the coil is positionable close to the body tissue to be stimulated so that its magnetic field passes through the body tissue, and where the device comprises a power generating unit that can generate a freely selectable temporal course of the current through the coil during the current pulse. A method for determining an optimized temporal course of a brief strong current pulse through the coil, where the temporal course of the current pulse is calculated using a method which numerically simulates the electrical behavior of nerve and / or muscle cells and the coil and optimizes the course of the current pulse regarding at least one parameter, or which by means of stimulating the nerve and / or muscle cells with predetermined current pulses optimizes the temporal course of the current pulse regarding at least one parameter and therefrom determines essential parameters of nerve and / or muscle cells.

An electrically variable transmission includes a power source, three differential gear sets, first and second motor / generators each connected to at least one of the gear sets, and torque-transmitting mechanisms. An input member transfers power from the power source through the differential gear sets to an output member. The torque-transmitting mechanisms are selectively engageable to provide an input-split first electrically variable mode having equal forward and reverse speed ratios for given input speeds and a compound, power-split second electrically variable mode. Torque provided from the power source is added to torque provided from the second motor generator in both forward and reverse electrically variable modes.

An automatic celestial navigation system for navigating both night and day by observation of K-band or H-band infrared light from multiple stars. In a first set of preferred embodiments three relatively large aperture telescopes are rigidly mounted on a movable platform such as a ship or airplane with each telescope being directed at a substantially different portion of sky. Embodiments in this first set tend to be relatively large and heavy, such as about one cubic meter and about 60 pounds. In a second set of preferred embodiments one or more smaller aperture telescopes are pivotably mounted on a movable platform such as a ship, airplane or missile so that the telescope or telescopes can be pivoted to point toward specific regions of the sky. Embodiments of this second set are mechanically more complicated than those of the first set, but are much smaller and lighter and are especially useful for guidance of aircraft and missiles. Telescope optics focus (on to a pixel array of a sensor) H-band or K-band light from one or more stars in the field of view of each telescope. Each system also includes an inclinometer, an accurate timing device and a computer processor having access to catalogued infrared star charts. The processor for each system is programmed with special algorithms to use image data from the infrared sensors, inclination information from the inclinometer, time information from the timing device and the catalogued star charts information to determine positions of the platform. Direction information from two stars is needed for locating the platform with respect to the celestial sphere. The computer is also preferably programmed to use this celestial position information to calculate latitude and longitude which may be displayed on a display device such as a monitor or used by a guidance control system. These embodiments are jam proof and insensitive to radio frequency interference. These systems provide efficient alternatives to GPS when GPS is unavailable and can be used for periodic augmentation of inertial navigation systems.

Embodiments described herein provide methods and systems for manufacturing faster charging, higher capacity energy storage devices that are smaller, lighter, and can be more cost effectively manufactured at a higher production rate. In one embodiment, a graded cathode structure is provided. The graded cathode structure comprises a conductive substrate, a first porous layer comprising a first cathodically active material having a first porosity formed on the conductive substrate, and a second porous layer comprising a second cathodically active material having a second porosity formed on the first porous layer. In certain embodiments, the first porosity is greater than the second porosity. In certain embodiments, the first porosity is less than the second porosity.

There is provided an imaging device which is small in light loss, is operable to suppress an occurrence of a stray light, and is operable to provide an image with a high quality as far as a periphery thereof. The imaging device operable to output an image of an object as an electrical image signal, comprising: a solid-state imaging sensor including pixels which are two dimensionally arranged on a first flat surface and each of which has a photo-electric conversion function; and a lens array including micro lenses two dimensionally arranged on a second flat surface separately provided so as to be parallel to the first flat surface, in which the solid-state imaging sensor includes an imaging area of unit including a plurality of pixels, and each of the micro lenses forms an optical image of the object on a corresponding imaging area of unit and satisfies a predetermined condition, arctan(L / f)≦θ, for a pixel, from among pixels included in an imaging area of unit corresponding to each micro lens, positioned farthest from an optical axis of a corresponding micro lens. Here, θ is a maximum angle of an incident light capable of entering a pixel, f is a focal length of a micro lens, and L is a diameter of a circle circumscribing an imaging area of unit corresponding to one of the micro lenses.

An object of the invention is to provide a lighting device which can suppress luminance nonuniformity in a light emitting region when the lighting device has large area. A layer including a light emitting material is formed between a first electrode and a second electrode, and a third electrode is formed to connect to the first electrode through an opening formed in the second electrode and the layer including a light emitting material. An effect of voltage drop due to relatively high resistivity of the first electrode can be reduced by electrically connecting the third electrode to the first electrode through the opening.

Several systems and a method are taught for rapid modulation of a light beam in lidar and other imaging. Most of these involve micromechanical and other very small control components. One such unit is a light-switching fabric, based on displacement of liquid in a tube that crosses a junction of two optical waveguides. In some forms, the fabric is preferably flexible to enable folding or coiling to form a two-dimensional face that interacts with optical-fiber ends an opposed fiber bundle. The rapid operation of the switch fabric enables it to be used as a beam-splitter, separating incoming and return beams; and also to form pulses from supplied CW light. Other control components include micromechanical mirrors (e. g. MEMS mirrors) operated in arrays or singly, liquid-crystal devices, and other controlled-birefringence cells. Some of these devices are placed within an optical system for directional light-beam steering.

A portable data processing apparatus includes a storage storing code associated with a computer program that generates at least one of (a) stereoscopic image data and (b) image data associated with images having two groups of primary colors. A keyboard allows a user to input data used by the computer program or entering commands to control execution of the computer program. A built-in digital projector integrated within the portable data processing apparatus projects onto an external display screen at least one of (a) stereoscopic images and (b) images having two groups of primary colors, the built-in digital projector being integrated within the portable data processing apparatus. A microprocessor executes the code and controls the built-in digital projector to project images based on the image data generated by the computer program.

An automatic celestial navigation system for navigating both night and day by observation of K-band or H-band infrared light from multiple stars. In a first set of preferred embodiments three relatively large aperture telescopes are rigidly mounted on a movable platform such as a ship or airplane with each telescope being directed at a substantially different portion of sky. Embodiments in this first set tend to be relatively large and heavy, such as about one cubic meter and about 60 pounds. In a second set of preferred embodiments one or more smaller aperture telescopes are pivotably mounted on a movable platform such as a ship, airplane or missile so that the telescope or telescopes can be pivoted to point toward specific regions of the sky. Embodiments of this second set are mechanically more complicated than those of the first set, but are much smaller and lighter and are especially useful for guidance of aircraft and missiles. Telescope optics focus (on to a pixel array of a sensor) H-band or K-band light from one or more stars in the field of view of each telescope. Each system also includes an inclinometer, an accurate timing device and a computer processor having access to catalogued infrared star charts. The processor for each system is programmed with special algorithms to use image data from the infrared sensors, inclination information from the inclinometer, time information from the timing device and the catalogued star charts information to determine positions of the platform. Direction information from two stars is needed for locating the platform with respect to the celestial sphere. The computer is also preferably programmed to use this celestial position information to calculate latitude and longitude which may be displayed on a display device such as a monitor or used by a guidance control system. These embodiments are jam proof and insensitive to radio frequency interference. These systems provide efficient alternatives to GPS when GPS is unavailable and can be used for periodic augmentation of inertial navigation systems.

A fluid dispensing system provides a non-contact method of monitoring the change in the fluid volume over time. This approach avoids the use of probes or sensors that come into direct contact with the fluid to be dispensed. The system comprises an apparatus comprising three chambers. The first chamber has a fixed volume and contains a pressurized gas. A solenoid valve is used to control the flow of gas from the first chamber into the second. The second chamber is sealed so that the combined mass of air in the first and second chambers remains fixed. The third chamber is adjacent to the second and contains medication in the form of incompressible fluid that is to be administered to a human or animal subject via a suitable delivery port. A piston is disposed between the second and third chambers and is movable responsive to the flow of gas into the second chamber to dispense fluid from the third chamber as desired. By sensing the pressure in the first and second chambers at any point in time, a processor is programmed to calculate the flow rate or dispensed volume of the fluid being delivered using principles derived from the Ideal Gas Law.

The invention concerns an illumination apparatus for an optical observation device (10), in particular a stereomicroscope or a stereo surgical microscope. A multi-armed light guide with coupler (2) mixes colored light emitted by light-emitting diodes (1a-c) to yield white mixed light (15).

An optical fiber, comprising: a core with a first refractive index (n1); a silica based outer cladding surrounding the core, the outer cladding having a refractive index (n), such that the core is substantially surrounded by a gap situated between the core and the outer cladding, the gap containing at least one support structure adjacent to the outer cladding and situated between the outer cladding and the core, wherein the support structure is either hollow or gas filed and is not connected to any other support structure situated within the gap.

This disclosure describes a Wearable Magnetic Stimulator to treat a variety of disorders. The device comprises a wearable stimulator head and a wearable stimulator controller. The patient wears the stimulator head over skin close to the target nerves and carries the wearable controller in his clothing. The wearable head comprises a small gapped cut-core energized by coil windings. The head operates on the principle that its small gap injects fringe flux into target nerves, which induces ionic currents that cure disorders. Small gapped cores require significantly smaller current than large gapped cores. This greatly reduces the size and weight of the head and controller. The wearable controller, such as a cell phone, comprises pulse generator hardware and software from internet. The wearable stimulator can be used to treat several disorders such as migraine headache, arthritis, incontinence, depression, erectile dysfunction etc.