The invention discloses a short tandem repeat (STR) parting standard substance, which is a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) mixture and comprises 31 DNA segments with the nucleotide sequences as 1) to 31). In the invention, all allelic genes in the bits of Chinese people groups are researched and studied through focusing on the discovered STR gene bits in the existing forensic molecular genetics, and in addition, the biostatistics technology is used for studying the gene frequency distribution of each allelic gene. On the basis, the experiments techniques such as molecular genetics, molecule biology, cell biology, genetic engineering and the like are integrally utilized, the allelic gene DNA information base is developed and built for the first time, all of the allelic gene DNA segments such as STR bits are included, further, the forensic DNA standard reference system independently developed by China is further built, and the special artificially synthesized STR standard substance is formed.