The invention provides a vertical wide-range high-precision optical plane testing device, and belongs to the technical field of research of optical testing instruments. The vertical wide-range high-precision optical plane testing device comprises lifting support legs, a supporting base table, a horizontal rotating table, a balance weight, a precision rotating table, a connecting shaft, a long guide track loading board, two reflectors, a first angle measuring device, a second angle measuring device, a long guide track, an electronic control system and a data acquiring and analyzing system, wherein the two reflectors move on the long guide track in an equally spaced manner; the angle change value between testing points is obtained through the two angle measuring devices; the angle change value is multiplied by a space distance to obtain height change value between the testing points, so that the contour shapes of the planar reflectors in the direction are measured; and the contour shapes of the planar reflectors are tested in different directions by the precision rotating table, and finally, an integral and full-aperture surface-shape contour diagram of each planar reflector can be obtained by analyzing and calculating tested data. The surface shapes of the large-aperture optical planar reflectors can be corrected and monitored during use, the vertical wide-range high-precision optical plane testing device is low in sensitiveness to a testing environment, and high testing precision can be realized.