The invention discloses a preparation method of a micro-nano corrugated structure. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: (1) adding electrostatic spinning macromolecular solution into a syringe of a syringe pump, and fully filling the solution into a metal nozzle connected with the anode of a high pressure generator; (2) placing a metal cathode collecting plate connected with the ground electrode of the high pressure generator below the metal nozzle of the syringe, placing a flexible base material on the collecting plate, controlling the macromolecular solution to flow out at certain velocity, and electrifying the macromolecular solution to form jet flow; and (3) moving the metal collecting plate so that the jet flow falls on the flexible base material, namely the corrugated structure is formed on the whole base material. The invention also discloses the micro-nano corrugated structure prepared by using the method, a device for implementing the method and application of the method. When the elastic rubber base material stretches, the formed nano fiber graph can produce great deformation together with the elastic rubber base material and does not break, so that effective interconnection and stretching of flexible electrons are realized, and the invention has broad application prospect on the aspects of electronic skin, artificial muscles, bioelectronics and the like.