This invention discloses a heterogeneous particle partitioned
relay asymmetric
moving bed cold storage system and its operation method. The
system includes a first
moving bed heat exchanger, a cold particle
storage tank, a second
moving bed heat exchanger, a first / second
hot particle storage tank, and a conveying device. The first
moving bed heat exchanger, the cold particle
storage tank, and the second
moving bed heat exchanger are connected in series vertically, forming a gravity-driven trajectory path for the particles from top to bottom. The conveying device connects the second
hot particle storage tank and the first
hot particle storage tank, forming a mechanical return path for the particles from bottom to top. During operation, the particles in the cryogenic region rely solely on gravity to complete heat exchange, achieving dual decoupling of particle state transition and mechanical transport in both
physical space and
operating time. This architecture, while removing the
mechanical drive components in the cryogenic region, utilizes the cold particle storage tank as an intermediate hub to achieve asynchronous scheduling and efficient management of charging and discharging cold conditions, significantly reducing cryogenic
heat leakage losses and improving the
system's
engineering reliability and grid dispatch adaptability.