The invention discloses a Q420-grade steel self-protection transverse position large-gap
welding method which comprises the steps that a
welding groove is machined in an upper position plate before
welding, then a to-be-welded joint is preheated, and if the thickness of the plate is smaller than or equal to 28 mm, preheating is not conducted; tapered iron with longitudinal grooves is plugged and connected between the welding horse plates and the panels which are arranged at intervals, and specially-made wide red
copper gaskets are fixed to the back faces of the grooves in a penetrating mode; during welding, a self-protection flux-cored wire is adopted for carrying out transverse position large-gap multi-layer and multi-pass
butt welding; and the welding horse plate and the inclined iron are removed after welding, and the wide red
copper gasket, the welding horse plate and the inclined iron can be reused. In the
welding process, the wind resistance is high, good back face forming after welding can be achieved through the wide red
copper gasket, the problem of Q420-grade steel self-protection transverse position large-gap welding can be effectively solved, and the welding method is suitable for steel structure ring opening large-gap welding operation in bridge sites, mountainous areas and other field severe environments and high-altitude places where gas is inconvenient to use.