The invention discloses a linear 33 peptide molecule which consists of a B epitope (10 peptide) of human dipeptidyl peptidase 4 and 23 peptide containing a Th2 epitope; serum of an animal immunized by33 peptide contains an antibody which has high price and can be specifically combined with DPP4; the antibody can inhibit the activity of the DPP4 and regulate immune rebalance trending to Th2; the 33 peptide is utilized to carry out subcutaneous immunological control or treat type 1 diabetic NOD mice and treat STZ-induced diabetic mice every 2 weeks, so that blood glucose is significantly controlled or reversed; the blood glucoses of the NOD mice are basically normal, GLP-1 and Th2 cytokines are significantly increased and glucagon and Th1 cytokines are significantly reduced, so that morbidity, death rate, multiple immune balances as well as uric acid, creatinine, blood lipid and oxidative stress indicators are remarkably improved, pancreatic inflammation is relieved, and the ability ofpancreas secreting insulin is significantly strengthened. The 33 peptide as well as vaccines and drugs prepared by using microorganisms, animals, plants and cell expression based on the 33 peptide areof great value in preventing and treating diabetes, especially in type 1 diabetes and complications and other diseases.