The invention belongs to a driving device in the conveying industry, and particularly relates to internally-arranged conveyor belt driving equipment. The equipment comprises a driving device and adjusting structures; the driving device is arranged in a section rack and comprises a driving roller, a rotating shaft, a drive chain wheel, a driven chain wheel, a chain, a motor and a motor connecting plate; the adjusting structures are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the section rack, and each adjusting structure comprises a bearing, a disc-shaped fixing base, a connector connecting hood and an adjusting sheet. According to the internally-arranged conveyor belt driving equipment, externally-arranged bearing installing bases are replaced with the disc-shaped fixing bases, therefore, the whole driving device is internally arranged, and the occupied space can be reduced; the adjusting structures are symmetrically arranged on the two sides, therefore, the installing horizontal and oblique positions of the whole driving device can be adjusted, and meanwhile tension adjusting on a conveyor belt and the chain can be achieved; the driving roller does not need to be disassembled or assembled frequently, interchange and modularization design are easy to achieve, operation is convenient, multifunctional application can be achieved, and classification tensioning does not need to be additionally taken into account.